文字北京考博英语辅导班讲义--1
l:+$K s m .68c taa 英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组
_<%YLv 一、政治类：
c'D NO~H 把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities
k$|g)
[RE 把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society
qVW3oj<2 把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies
VVbF n9+V 把…作为指导 take… as the guide
BtrMv6 把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …
z.Vf,<H 把握大局 grasp the overall situation
T"3: dkQw 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness
sI MN""@Y^ 保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement
; +1ooeU 采取各种措施 adopt various measures
Y;"jsK{$ 参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
d;nk>6<| 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength
&b'{3o_KN 打破僵局 break the deadlock
i|rC Ga0} 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone
nRyx2\P y+ 得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion
L}7 TM:% 锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army
7x]q>Y8T 对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on
N cp 对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to
MDZPp;\) 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism
X]D:vuB 反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
T 0qM " 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner
\Xe{vlo>h 给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to
Gx*B(t]4y 根除 (防止,消除) root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption
] &SmeTe 观察当今世界 observe the present-day world
=b8u 8*ua 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension
&fsk ESV0 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle
#ro$$I; 加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform
L
F&!od9[ 加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
$3g M P+ 坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy
&?TXsxf1Zh 坚持统一，反对分裂， persist in reunification, oppose separation,
NZO86y/ 增加了解，化解歧见increase understanding and iron out differences }
+~|Jn_:A f 减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden
E@6gTx* 解放思想 emancipate our minds
<9\Lv]ng 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing
HCx0'|J 解决新问题 resolve new problems
#*%? ]B= 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world
'blMwD{0&\ 进入新时期 enter a new period
=nO:R, U
进行和谈 hold peace talks
?B@3A)a 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment
*> HS>#S 就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on
-d t hY(8 开发西部 remake the west
p8"C`bCf 开始生效 go into effect (enter into force)
BS ?i!Bm 7 开拓前进 open up new ways forward
';}:*nZ//_ 科教兴国 rejuvenate our country through science and education
{NcJL< ;tS 理顺关系 rationalize the relationship
T hk
CKM 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations
neE
Zw#(Z 迈出重要的一步 make an important step
&ld<fa(w+2 热爱和平 love peace
6G#[Mc yn 深化改革 deepen the reform
Y^C(<N$ 审时度势 size up the situation \
-0BxZ AW= 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity
W7(5z 实现民族独立 realize national independence
CIsX$W 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes
T!Tp:&O- 实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
D=Nt 0y 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
+>AVxV=A# 实行新政策 practice new policies
Yakrsi/jV} 受到全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
$=#Lf[| f= 缩小差别 bridge (narrow) the gap
M n3j6a 完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation
}}u`*&,g 维护世界和平 maintain world peace
YMy** 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations
G T80k]e. 下放权力给 delegate the management of ... (to ...)
>|gXE> 响应号召 respond to the call
<AiE~l| D 修改法律 amend the laws
t;0]d7ey' 宣布…召开 announce the opening of
N)a5~<fBG 徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
__1Hx?f 依法治国 govern the country according to law
@[`]w`9Q7 引起全国的关注 arouse the concern of the whole nation
"pcr-?L 引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
R?,v:S&i7; 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another
PR AP~P&^ 在…中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in
j
|qdf3^f 增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power
aqI m W 增强综合国力和国际竞争 enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness
R#?atL$( 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey
AAuwE&Gg 展现生机和活力 display one’s vigor and vitality
(lq %4h 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties
*lu*h&Y 振兴西部 revive the west
%F$ ]v 振兴中华民族 rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation
{j<?+o5A 政企不分 mix up the functions of the government and enterprises
0LIXkF3^1 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
qI
tbY% 政务公开 make government affairs public
\ f VX< L 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action
_5p]Arg?}& 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
(9'q/qgTO 转变政府职能 transform (shift) the government functions
q1 BpE8 追求进步 pursue progress
.<YfnW5/K 追求真理 seek the truth I
6Bd:R}yZP7 走进新时代 march (stride) into the new era.
:RYYjmG5;
遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties
ADP3N ic 遵循规则 follow the principles
'!4\H"t 1gvh6eE
F http://www.freekaobo.com北京英语考博辅导班－－2
p_fsEY
P8 w56 二、经济类
Q&PEO%/D 爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work
&sXk!!85: 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
N>g6KgX{K 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
~X'hRNFx~ 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers
$%ztP
Ta 被指控接受贿赂 be accused of accepting bribes
O-~
cj7
0\ 采取不同的办法 adopt various methods Lv1
U9 % ^gC 采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures
ZLf(m35 承担风险 bear (take) risk
3cNr~`7 筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)
=~dX
P 创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency)
bQu@.'O!k 刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand
em ]0^otM 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand
1vq c8lC 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
x51 xY$M 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and
F7=&
CW 0 经验 management expertise
!P d
) 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation
>bO}sx1? 促进改革 promote reform
Of<Vr.m{R 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
3Z%j x# 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
}|c-i.0= 打假 take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)
E1qf N>0Z 打破垄断 break the monopoly
1t#|MH
?U_ 对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…
;4`%?6% 对…造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to…
CraD
夺回失去的市场 take back lost market
w PJA+ 发挥自身优势 give full play to one’s advantages
b X/%Q^Y 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks
o& ?:pE 改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment
[*Vo`WgbD 赶超先进 surpass the advanced
]"\sd" 给…带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on…
-&np/tEu& 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation ma
mnq1WU;< 公证财产 notarize the properties
fZxEE~Q1 和…达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with
j[:Iu# VR 和…进一步合作 further cooperation with
0?'v|5} 和…有合作关系 have cooperative ties with
IvB)d}p 活跃市场 enliven the market
f; ,^
]mw 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
"J%dI9tM{ 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level
zj#8@gbh+ 加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring
<+p {U( 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition
+ J2;6t 加快努力 speed up efforts
,4S6F HK 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks
oP`Qyk 加强管理 reinforce the management
o[ 4e_ @E 减轻…的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)
*|3G"B{w6 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
GFY Ht!&[\ 剪彩 cut the ribbon
$Rf)i W;h 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation
ac/<N% 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)
HH7Bg0=( 精简机构 streamline government organs
t ;bU #THM 举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities
!mu1e=bY> 开辟更多渠道 open more channels
G "F:68 开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market
]+@I] \S4 开拓市场 exploit markets
rLI );!^- 控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control)
_K<Z 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor
,qK3
3Bn 扩大消费市场 expand consumption market
}/.GB5Ej 留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
>vfbXnN 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition
'\/|K 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits
)~ghb"K 平衡经济(的发展) balance economy )
0y Bi io 取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)
h7o?z! 让…处于同一起跑线 put… on the same platform and at the same starting point
Yjh02wo 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition
]O+W+h{] 实现目标 realize the goal
uN9J?j*ir 适应…的发展 adapt oneself to the development of
2~ )r,., 损失惨重 suffer great losses
+L|-W9"@3 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance
!A&>E eai 缩小…间的距离 narrow the gap between
5PPaR|c3 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants
Hm
17El68 提高管理水平 raise the management level
&W$s-qf". 提高居民生活 improve residents’ standard of living
,]_< 8@R
调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure
3u~V& jl 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements)
wlw`%z-B2 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money
/DoSU>%hK 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
){$*<#&H 完善服务 perfect services
c, FZ{O @ 为…带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to…
eizni \ 为…提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities
ND\M 吸收游资 absorb idle fund
'QC '*Hl 吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment
u{%dm5 下海 plunge into the commercial sea
QH gkfo 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble
! YENJJ 向…投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into
I T ?~`vi 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products
G?<uw
RV 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
| }isSCt 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality
$tB `dDj 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior
\/F*JPhy 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation
AS/z1M_U 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for
3#N`n |UgC 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market ';HIP
e3,@prr 在…建立分公司 set up branches in
,C0D|q4/!. 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on
UT_kw}1
o 造成损失 cause a loss to
;. Y-e
Q, 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture ]
S9%ZeM + 占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market
uP$C2glyz 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)
-S7i': 制订…法律 make a law of TS : Cd
xq& r|el 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy
k|`Qk!tr 制造假象 create smoke screens to do
-8:/My 阻碍…的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development
Q% x-BZb~ 阻止人才流失 stop the talent flight (brain drain)
u4|)
A 4n 遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy
&[P(}??Y\ 三、文化生活类
^J'O8G$ 把…列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site
DdqE6q
E 摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)
zE+^WeH| 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics)
N"s"^}M\ 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries
lof P$ 不注重历史 neglect history
p %hvDC
采取保护态度 take protective attitude
[*1:?mD$ 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations
9XmbHS[0V 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past
X 4\V4_ and usher in the future
d) GR]^=r 充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals
7()5\ae@q' 和创造性
.rQ cg.8/B 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law
.EZ8yJj1Q 创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city
(-xV
W#39 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old
mc4|@p* year and ring in the new)
Vi#[k n' 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce
BmaY&? 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally
.Hg{$SAC(w 促进交流 promote the communication
#'.
' |z 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products
5?.!A
'zb 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding
z{/#/,V5D4 得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root support
' p
IC~ 抵住…的诱惑 resist the temptation of
y ji >vJHu 对…持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to
3;88a!AA! 对…情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to
!QC ErE;r 发挥…的聪明才智 develop one’s own talents and wisdom
3xgU=@!; 发挥潜力 tap one’s potential
SeuDJxqopD 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art
[AYJ(H/ 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China
fi%lN_Ev? 放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse, throw off one’s airs)
7!;zkou 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison one’s mind
t"OP* 改进教学 improve teaching and learning ?
]2{]TJ @B 给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
op 3a*KG 和…持相同观点 share views similar to
BU|)lU5 )z 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars
)1 QOA 激发旅游热情 stimulate enthusiasm for traveling
X{ :3UTBR 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions
~du U& \ 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments
*?A!`JpJn 讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating
eI%k xqc 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)
J&B5Ll
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
L uW"" P/ 经受住暴风雨的考验 weather the storm
2*]
[M,L0c 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care
uo(LZUjPbN 净化因特网 purify the Net
w O6>jW
7 举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)
.
g- HB' 举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting
qnq S^K,': 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy
U
l3xeu 开发潜力 exploit one’s potential
4J?\JcGs 开阔视野 widen one’s vision (horizon)
; P$ _:-C 开设课程 offer courses
"<f?.l\+ 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries
:Ys
;)W+R 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture
igEqty!. 攀登事业的高峰 climb one’s career ladder
|?hsMN 评估学业成绩 evaluate academic scores (achievements)
t;u)_C,bmP 破除迷信 eradicate superstition ¬
KHGUR(\Rd6 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal
J|@D @\?7 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread
,?`kYPZ 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit
B\qy:nr j 启发学生 enlighten the students
vNdW.V} 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers
y=jZ8+M 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy
D - O{/ 上网 get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet
u9u'5xAO 实施以德育为核心、以创新 carry on the quality education centering on moral education
K@/dQV%Z 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice
A
PrrUo 素质教育
e2 g`T{6M 使英语达到更高水平 push one’s English to a higher level
66$ hdT$ 受到…的关注 receive attention from
9e}%2, 疏导游客 divert tourists
J bMp / 疏通关系 lubricate relationships
06v'!M 树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
f hN JB
0 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card
fzAkUv
o 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste (temperament)
.q!i
+0 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)
Cv4n l7A' 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants
_1WA:7$C 提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs
!
f}D*8\f 提高知名度 raise one’s prestige
w'7J`n: {] 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education
Rm6i[y& 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations
+Fh,! ` 透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
Z|)1 ftcC 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization
=Lnip<t>ja 挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)
1N5lI97j 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress
<AP.m4N) _ 相互促进 help each other forward
g1]bI$; 向世界展示中国文化建设 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to vot
|$+/IxDP 的成就 the world
x5rLGt 向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students
NgF"1E 消除误解 clear up misunderstanding
C~. T[Mlu 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance
.YP&E1lNi 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice
nK
I?Sc Lr= ^0 的社会风尚
_j*I\ 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look
LB9W.c A
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
!| - U, 引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate
z2!
4w +2 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment
v!$?;"d+ 影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health
FJxb!- 0& 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education
H$pgz
NL
与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries
;d_<6|*M 增强自我保护意识 strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right
WT3g31 找工作 hunt for a job
K8_\U0 K 值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention
>$)~B 4 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software
0"ooHP$1 重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education
LnsYtkb r 重视实用性 place stress on practicality
!41"`D!1 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people
* X}2 rw 0s$~' 四、科技环保类
G drVH,j 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming
$j v"$0Fc 保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance
7VWy1 保持水土 preserve soil and water
?[Ma" l> 保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the
J+N
-+,, 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants
?FV%e 保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland
oL<5hN*
D 采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique
3SPXJa\i 采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods
N%1nii 参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city
|L:X$oM 参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities
O'3/21)|y 产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects
*&
R|0I{> 崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life
]#G1
]U 创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment
eX!yIqAR 促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city
3a=\$x@ 发展太阳能 develop solar energy
d 3#e7rQ
8 防治污染 prevent and control pollution
) p:+!sX( 非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest
@l5G BsLK 改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)
imhE=6{ 关闭化工厂 close chemical plants
@,]W 加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control
2k&Voa 加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city
z3>4 xn{ 加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection
5 N bq9YY 加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction
W{j(=<|< 加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil
s|TO9 N)pO 坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”
yw89*
:A6 减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles
%P(2uesd 减少浪费 reduce waste
A e1b`%To 揭开人类生命的奥秘 decode the secret of human life
j7NOYm5N 进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans
L&uPNcZ`- 禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open
9JJ6$cLF 开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals
