医学博士英语写作总结 TcaW'&(K
J@2jx4
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。 < o?ua}
9<u&27.
二、现场写作技巧 .b,\.0N
3+Lwtb}XPF
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 ;0dH@b
uOv
<*Jld*
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 @} r*KF-
D,cD]tB2
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; X% YZQc9
}ppApJT
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; TB>_#+:
X"TL'"?fo
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; vFe=AY<Rt|
k{ f1q>gd
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; wrkw,H
K}cZK
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system &E]) sJ0
Vx!ZF+
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； TIp\-
%`$bQU
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene |KJGM1]G
;rf {T[i
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； #b d=G(o~6
l3u
[
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 SVa^:\"$ [
k
x:+mF
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， J)g
+I
e[fld,s
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： IYe[IHny1
i{}m 8K)
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； |$tF{\
Ne9VRM
P
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； &kf \[|y
V nN(lJ
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion #: EhGlq8
k Jz^\
Re
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； $m)eO8S+
sfVzVS[
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; l/?bXNt
cm!vuoB~~
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 J iqhCt\
DFwiBB6
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission An]Vx<PD
UnDX .W*2
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation P/S ,dhs(
>8NUji2I
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate mJ8Ei
RSE
uEsF 8
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； ;Gp9
? 0
uKY1AC__
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile }V/iU_)
8&hxU@T~
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 Ga ^:y=m
>of9m
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension &G-dx ET]
^c}kVQ\g3
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health 5IgO4 <B
ocS}4.a@
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork >N0 L
Nb f >Y
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years ),,0T/69+9
>2'A~?%
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health p`"Ic2xPJ
IU G}Q7w5
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. wgQx.8 h>
iII%!f?{[
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； nGDY::nUE
K,bX<
~e5
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle; ;e 2D}
qP9`p4c8i
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 $m-@ICG#
dA#'HMh@
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; sZ"(#g ;3<
gP ^A
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from Jg&f.
2%-/}'G*
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. ?%T]V+40
j^/^PUR
There have been more deaths from drowning. I#(?xHx
]0")iY_
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ i2
)$%M&
T|--ZRYn
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； V|2[>\Cv
d263#R
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; ^ b{~]I
\mFgjP z
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 ; YrmT9Jx6
#_'^oGz`
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak 4 SIS #m
&8JK^zQq
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; ( n!8>>+1C
Dd:48sN:Jq
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; yh+.Yn=+
,UxAHCR~9
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； <@>l9_
=R
wd2z=^S~
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； ` dgZ `#
nCLEAe$W\=
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 4@9xq<<5
*dx E
( dP
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； I(qFIV+H R
_rW75n=3b7
养老保险 endowment insurance； n
}8}:3"
+-Z `v
退休养老金retirement pension； (~?p`g+I.P
rb]?" lizi
Health Care Reform医疗改革 Pk`3sfz
~ L"?C
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； 2CV? cm
tcJN` N
37.月经期menstrual period T1(*dVU?
C ~04#z_$
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace 1H8/b D
j7J'd? l
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care qTe@? j
8Y/1+-
40.安乐死euthanasia； ">vi= Tr
YRU95K [
41.得绝症的terminally ill； m {r#o?
l\ Vr D2j8
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care <, y > W!
XfN(7d0
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient eU8p;ajW!L
bbT$$b -
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. Os KtxtLO
6"R'z#{OF
uF<?y0t
Eihn%Esa
