时态语态和语气的使用错误 hCS|(8g
1. 时态错误。 主要是指在一个句子中，出现不同的时态，从而造成时态不一致，如： He can’t remember what he once knows. wylbs@
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2. 语态错误。 在 cet6 综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。不及物动词不能带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。如： She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account. p~Di \AQ/
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3. 虚拟语态错误。 此类使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主语和从句的语气不协调，如： We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible. 句中动词 suggest 之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故“ is ”应该 “ be ”或“ should be ”。类似的动词还有 demand ， insist ， order 等等。 GgwO>[T
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下面通过一些例题来进行具体讲解： %&w 8E[
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例 1 )lh48Ag0t;
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These newly wedded couples usually came here and meet 1.__________ qRi;[`
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together to hold parties. # y;TSH x/
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由于前面的时态已经限制为过去时，而且 came 和 meet 是并列结构，两者时态应该保持一致，因此应该将 meet 改为 met ，或者将 came 改为 come ，具体情况依据上下文的语境时态而定。 d+Dd D r
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例 2 Z8mS m[w
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Computer analyzed marketing reports can help deciding EY+/
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which products to emphasize now, which to develop ly_@dsU'
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for the future, and which to be dropped. 1.__________ .0
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本句中三个平行成分 which products to emphasize now ， which to develop for the future 和 which to be dropped 结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而 to be dropped 应改为 to drop 。 ?so=k&I-M
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例 3 ioJ~k[
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kind of material into the liquid which has already 1.__________ .
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securely obtained. An.Qi =Cv
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根据句子意思可知，此处的 liquid 不可能为动作的发生者，显然此处应该是被动语态，故应该将 has 改为 is 或者在 has 后加 been 均可，意思是指“已经安全获得的液体”。 ~ k(4eRq
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例 4 'B"A
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Did they gone there yesterday, they would have discovered 1.__________
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根据句子意思可知，这句话是说如果他们昨天去了就会发现事实真相，然而他们并未去，此处是虚拟语气，因此应该使用虚拟语气的格式，将 Did 改为 Had 。 8T]x4JQ0
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练习题 VV%Q "0 \
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1 These small households were portraits of B |pdqSI
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independence: the entire family, mother, father, lYq/
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children, even grandparents live in a small house IPTEOA<M[
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and working together to support each other. 1.__________ m1\+~*i
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2 In the meantime the unscientific world awoke ?E 2$
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to the fact that scientists are on the track of a great 2.__________ up^D9(y\
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3 For in 1895, the year of the Curie marriage, dPx{9Y<FzU
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Roentgen discovered the famous rays that are 3.__________ <,\Op=$l3I
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named after him--- he forerunners of modern $T-Pl57
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X-rays. %c`P`~sp
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4 Mary hoped at one time to study at the University Fr{}~fRW<
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of Cracow, then under Austrian rule. But when she ab/^z0GT
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demanded to allowed to attend science lectures, the 4.__________ ~;ZT<eCIA
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secretary said that science was not a thing in which -]$ =.0 l
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women can meddle. e4rhB"qQdn
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5 Many part-time stu dents expected to offered some 5.__________ 23|R $s>}i
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jobs on campus during the coming summer vacation. )o\U4t
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6 Many people who live in London think that life in x |0@T ?
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a large city offered special advantages. 6.__________ Hgf eSH
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7 The changes that taken place in air travel during 7.__________ v[t *CpGd
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the last sixty years would have seemed impossible =, WW#tD
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to even the most Brilliant scientists at the turn of eABLBsx
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the 19th century. 8H<:?D/tH
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8 I regret having left the work unfinished, I should ujH ^ ML
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have plan every thing ahead carefully. 8.__________ ^9wQl!e
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9 No bank kept enough cash to pay all its depositors 9.__________ n$z+g>~N
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in full at one time. hantGw |
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10 The Conestoga wagon, used for carry heavy loads 10.__________ =MCQNyf+
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over long distances, originated around 1725 in a region r'5~4'o$
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of Pennsylvania occupied by Conestoga Indians. l*(Ml=
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答案： @ UgZZ
1. working→work。此句总体上讲述的是这些小家庭独立的掠影，而后半句解释到这些小家庭的成员生活在一起、工作在一起的情景，应该用一般现在时，和live保持一致。 G+dQ" cI9
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2. are→were。 TcjTF|q>
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3. are→were。 ^S]-7>Yyr
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4. allow前加be。“be allowed to do sth.”是“被允许作……”的意思。 ,dZ&i! @?
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5. offered前加be。“offer”是及物动词，后面应该接双宾语结构，即“offer sb. sth.”而在该句中缺少成分而只有宾语补主语，应该将其改为被动语态，即“be offered sth.” bU+
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6. offered→offers。 &t0toEj
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7. taken前加have。 H|]~(.w 1}
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8. plan→planned。 c(tX761qz
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9. kept→keep。 /!//i^
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10. carry→carrying。
