图表及图表类型 !\|L(Paf
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram fe7DS)U
2、各类图表: wsAijHjJI!
表格:table; 6adXE
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; eG%Q
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饼形图:piechart; B/bS:
线形图:linechart 或curve chart ~jM!8]=
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 FWuk@t[<O
1、“数字数据”相关 R2dCp|6A
(1) the number of sth. {KM5pK?,BJ
(2) data, statistics, figures
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(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion
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(4) around, over, appropriately OM#eJ,MH<)
2、表达“上升” rPF2IS(5
(1)常见词汇
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increase → (名词形式increase ) T|ZJ$E0
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) }XIUz|
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) dnstm@0k
go up 992cy2,Fb
注意以下短语数量上的区别: KU)~p"0[6]
increase by +数字上升到... *N3X"2X:
increase to +数字上升了... /|aD,JVN"
reach to +数字达到...
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(2)其他词汇 yZqX[U
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 ,-_\Y hY>
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 2j*o[kAE
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 [Z{0
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(3) 地道表达 J G3#(DVc;
double, triple ,[|4{qli\
3、表达“下降” ~t.M!vk
(1) 常见词汇 yfCdK-9+B
decrease (名词形式decrease ) ~91) DNaE
drop (名词形式drop) $(ei<cAV
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall)
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decline (名词形式decline ) j3)fmlA
go down j5]6CG_
(2)其他词汇 6A*k
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 KI~M.2pk
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 )%=oJ!)
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 4l`"P~=
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dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 D_)n\(3
4、表达“波动” c&n.JV
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Gtpl5g QH
go up and down C
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rise and fall E4dN,^_ F!
5、表达“保持平稳” +-+%6O<C
remain stable (或 remain constant) #gd`X|<Ch
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) J'no{3Ktz
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) <u%&@G$F>
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 )Me$BK>
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable tsvh/)V
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显
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slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady \OX;ZVb?5
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” y o
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1、v. + adv. B+8B<xZ
decline slowly cczV}m2)
grow dramatically }4A $j{\
fluctuate sharply l'0fRQc
2、 adj. + n. Nn]|#lLP
a slow decline Wz]ny3K[.
a dramatic growth V$';B=M
a sharp fluctuation (^4V]N&
a slight increase F.[E;gOTo
a significant increase wz{]CQ 7"
3、 on a +adj.+ n O${B)C,
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: ]= nM|e
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. ltH?Ew<]
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. aH!2zC\:T