图表及图表类型 xoA\^AA
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram w*e O9k
2、各类图表: I)U|~N
表格:table; 7ZI!$J|
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 9e@Sx{?r
饼形图:piechart; bu1O<
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线形图:linechart 或curve chart S6*3."Sk
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 jt@k<#h~
1、“数字数据”相关 A84I*d
(1) the number of sth. N0,.cd]y`
(2) data, statistics, figures JVD#wwic
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion =mxmJFA
(4) around, over, appropriately )wQR2$x~
2、表达“上升” ~3dBt@%0
(1)常见词汇 5 S$*YRp
increase → (名词形式increase ) -\:pbR
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) -5l74f!i
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) M\BLuD
go up />S=Y"a/7
注意以下短语数量上的区别: CTv-$7#
increase by +数字上升到... Z)Nl\e& M
increase to +数字上升了... 4nzUDeI3MG
reach to +数字达到... S\JV96
(2)其他词汇 0.4c|-n
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 D:sQHJ.y
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 /m%i"kki
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 NYz{[LM
(3) 地道表达 2u4aCfIx
double, triple y,v*jE
3、表达“下降” P^#<h"Ht
(1) 常见词汇 :PuJF`k
decrease (名词形式decrease ) K]yCt~A$
drop (名词形式drop) x>m_ v
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) w&:"x@ -|
decline (名词形式decline ) R@-rc|FunJ
go down J)D/w[w
(2)其他词汇 cd)yj&:?Bt
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 O+A/thI%*S
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 [H$rdh[+
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 ; 6Js
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 B@D3aOvO
4、表达“波动” 3yn>9qt
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) q|0L
u
go up and down /DA'p [,
rise and fall N
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5、表达“保持平稳” Vi[* a
remain stable (或 remain constant) #G%[4.$n.
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) gF,9Kv~
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) ;2y3i5^k
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 @eu4W^W
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable & F\HR
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 Rqu_[M
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady i;>Yx#
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” ?G%C}8a
1、v. + adv. aEBQx
decline slowly *o <S{
grow dramatically #e:cB' f
fluctuate sharply IIcG+zwx
2、 adj. + n. h3U| ~h
a slow decline (
`T;nz
a dramatic growth 2>3#/I9Y
a sharp fluctuation [S;ceORx
a slight increase ~Ry?}5&:
a significant increase E
rmlM#u
3、 on a +adj.+ n =wbgZr^2
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: [xW;5j<87
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. Bc{j0Su
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. !c+,OU[