加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 语法3(未完 )
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2007-09-22   

语法3(未完 )

第三节 最高级 sw(|EZ7F  
*MCkezW7{  
考点一 最高级的形式 gHH[QLD=I  
一、英文中表示最的概念时,形容词要变为最高级,其形式主要有两种: &x4|!" G  
在词尾加-est (单音节形容词), 如:low-lowest, late-latest, lucky-luckiest, fit-fittest; >/-Bg:  
或在词之前加most (多音节形容词), 如:most important, most sensitive S; !7 /z  
少数词最高级形式特殊,如:good(well)-best, bad(ill)-worst, many(much)-most, little-least, etc. B1U 7z1<  
TOEFL经常会出现这样的搭配: most highest, 这是不对的,hightest已经是最高级,前面当然不能在加most. KW36nY\7  
例题: ge&!GO  
(1) vri<R8  
The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which involves using a circular l8DZ2cw]  
    A                          B N/B-u)?\:  
dish with a small pocket at the bottom. }K 2fwE  
 C          D [@$t35t~  
答案:A U ,\t2z  
应改为:easiest. l.SoiFDd  
解释:easiest本身已是最高级, most纯属画蛇添足, 应去掉 =%crSuP  
二、没有等级的形容词 S1*xM  
有些形容词本身就具有“比….年长”、“ 比…..优越”等含义,因此也就没有比较级和最高级。比如: inferior, superior, senior, anterior。这些形容词往往和to连用,而不和than连用。 >s ;dooZ  
有些形容词本身就具备“最、极”的含义,所以就没有最高级和比较级。如: /onZ14  
absolute(绝对的), unique(独一无二的), infinite(无限的), round(圆的), right(对的), correct(正确的), wrong(错误的), perfect(完美的),这类形容词往往被称为绝对形容词 S),acc(d  
例题: e6'y S81  
Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a ---- place in English literature. |)YN"nqg  
(A) most unique Uj)`(}r  
(B) unique U{&gV~  
(C) least unique ggzcANCD<  
(D)very unique 6Iv &c2  
答案: B ks(BS k4  
~d=Y98'xS  
考点二 最高级前的限定词 yH',vC.  
(1) 形容级做定语时, 最高级前通常要加定冠词the ,如: ;Z-%'5hKM  
the most important thing, the biggest elephant lemUUl(^  
但当最高级前有物主代词时,不需加the, 如: ]9$^=z%SE  
my latest hobby, her most interesting experience *~jTE;J  
(2) 形容词作表语时,最高级前通常不加限定词 7SJtW` ~  
如:She looks happiest whenever you are around. Qis/'9a  
    Excuse me, but I'm busiest at the moment. mW 'sdb  
例题: kuo!}QFL  
(1) =$F<Ac;&  
  Of all the Native Americans in the United States, the Navajos form largest group. ;a~ e  
  A  B         C              D DDp\*6y3l  
答案: D #b$qtp!,  
应改为: form the largest 4)E$. F^   
解释: largest是最高级, 作group的定语, 之前必须加定冠词the %@Nu{?I  
a3SBEkC  
考点三 范围词 YaAOP'p  
伴随最高级出现的往往有表示范围的词或短语,常用of 或among或 in 引导, 表示“在….之中”。 如:of all, in the world, in the country等, 在填空题的题干中包含表示范围的词时,空格处需填最高级 `z<I<  
例题: ({WV<T&  
(1) b_a 6|  
The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2, 020 miles from Maine to }5lC8{wZ  
            A            B        ]q3.^F  
Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world. hf< [$B  
         C    D k83S.*9Mx  
答案:C WXe]Q b g  
应改为:longest. QEc4l[^{.B  
解释:本句有范围词in the world, 则定冠词the 之后应采用形容词最高级形式 -qdt$jIM  
考点四 most的其他用法 2[g kDZ  
对于most来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外,most的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为改错题的考点: cSYMnB  
1.       当most表示大多数时,之前不加the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别为: 4XIc|a Aa  
most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes; ZMO ym=  
most + of + 限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us, most of the modern artists eR: C?v  
2. most有时意思等同于very, 此时most之前用不定冠词,如: C!W0L`r  
a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal 5Tq*]Z E  
例题: nt$ q< 57  
(1) arN=OB  
  The most substances expand in volume when they are heated. hr3<vWAD  
   A        B   C     D du_~P"[  
答案:A H7(D8.y )  
应改为:Most i7%` }t  
解释:most只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示“大多数”,没必要加the. x.Tulo0/  
(2) D 3Tqk^5  
The most often flour is made from wheat, but it may also be made from the seeds moL3GV%]Gq  
   A       B              C 3? F~ H  
 of other cereal plants. Ty}Y/jW  
  D H h35cj  
答案:A i@mS8%|l  
应改为:most. 2@Oz_?O=  
解释:the most 一般出现在最高级中, 此句most often为固定说法,意为经常 5}Z>N,4  
词汇:cereal: 谷类的 LZ RP}|  
wlgR = l  
the end. UjS+Ddp  
第三章 副词 c2-oFLNP=  
EVP{7}K1  
副词和形容词有着千丝万缕的联系,相当比例的副词都是形容词加后缀-ly构成的,但副词在句中的作用却与形容词有较大区别,需细心领会:副词最主要的功能是作状语,用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、甚至整个句子,这些都是形容词不可替代的作用,但切记在TOEFL题中不可修饰名词 `R!Q(rePx  
副词可大致分为时间副词(如:now, then, recently), 地点副词(如:here, upstairs, everywhere), 方式副词(如:carefully, rapidly, happily), 程度副词(如:much, quite, extremely), 疑问副词(如:how, when, where), 承接副词(如:besides, however, therefore)等等 )YW"Zo8~!1  
副词比较级和最高级的用法基本和形容词相同,形容词比较级的特殊句式同样适用于副词,稍有不同的是副词最高级前的the可用可不用,不用时居多。副词比较级和最高级作为考点的不多,但在题干中多次出现,可留心体会与形容词的区别和联系 [,(+r7 aB  
N5zx#g  
第一节 副词修饰动词 t1wzSG  
-kHJH><j  
修饰动词是副词的最主要作用之一,此处动词的含义包括谓语动词、不定式中的动词,被动式或进行时中的分词形式的动词 !*S,S{T8  
例如:You can't possibly arrive there on time. (谓语动词) Iw?*y.z|  
It's inconvenient to contact him directly. (不定式中的动词) Nxna H!wS  
Her composition is frequently referred to as original. (被动式) FC WF$'cO  
改错题中常误用形容词修饰动词,要注意识别 "z*.Bk  
例题: r+k &W  
(1) o`G6!  
In the United States, sleds for recreation were first produced commercial in the >~_z#2PA  
             A        B    C Kg`P@  
 1870's or thereabouts. +\$c_9|C+  
      D a~?B/ g&_  
答案:C q"EW*k+ )  
应改为:commercially xojt s;n   
解释:形容词commercial不能修饰谓语动词produce, 需改为副词 -*Tf.c  
(2)  W =;,ls  
According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees ----, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows. cQ'x]u_  
(A) facially :,fT^izew  
(B) their faces $B7c\MR j  
(C) having facial N;,zPWa  
(D) they had faces UBJYs{zz  
答案:A h(R7y@mp\0  
解释:resemble一词是本句的谓语动词, 已有了宾语chimpanzees, 之后需要的只可能是用来补充说明的非谓语, B、D可先排除; facial是形容词, 不能作have的宾语, 因此C肯定不对; A是副词, 恰好修饰动词作状语 w]nt_xj  
E 0/>E  
第二节 程度副词much等 ^M%P43  
ZjY ,k  
程度副词much, still, far, a little, a bit 的特殊之处在于:可用来修饰比较级,表示加强或减弱程度。 如: I'm much clearer about the situation now. E)`0(Z:E  
She's not a bit more rational than you were. J9OL>!J  
注意:much不能加形容词原形代替比较级 ,]nRnI^  
比如想说更有耐心:不能够说much patient, 而应该说more patient; A FBH(ms't  
同时more也不能替代much修饰比较级, EZ:? (|h  
比如要说低得多:不能说more lower , 而应该说much lower; t- TUP>_  
例句:She is far better than me at English. ( 在英语方面她比我好的多) mj'N)6ga  
例题: < Np Mv!g  
(1) Ook\CK*nKe  
Watercolors dry more faster than other paints. rk4KAX_[  
   A    B   C    D uF1 4;  
答案:C (+;D~iN`k  
应改为:much faster bCr W'}:de  
解释:比较级more不能修饰比较级faster, 应改为程度副词much .ahY 1CO  
(2) $]Ix(7@W  
Reptiles are widely distributed all over the world, but are much abundant in warm 3 !8#wn  
        A                 B ] Ok &%-  
  regions and are virtually absent beyond the treeline in the Arctic. wr:W}Z@pL  
          C     D s8[(   
答案:B ("PZ!z1m1  
应改为:more. P^=B6>e  
解释:much作为形容词不能修饰另一个形容词, 而作副词时只能修饰形容词比较级, 如much better, much more expensive, 依句意是要将爬行动物在温带地区和寒带地区的分布加以对比, 因此改为比较级more abundant ,/GFD[SQ  
(3) V6](_ w!  
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the crust of the Earth, but the nonmetals 7P}l^WX  
         A          B      C ks("( nU  
oxygen and silicon are more still abundant. Lg(G&ljE@k  
            D A^6z.MdYZ  
考点:程度副词 {d'B._#i  
答案:D IKnf  
应改为:still more f/Y7@y  
解释:程度副词still修饰比较级more时,应置于其前, 2]Cn<zJ  
词汇:crust: 地壳 silicon: 硅 K3h];F! ^  
(4) +mD;\iW]  
A goose's neck is a tiny longer than that of a duck and not so gracefully curved as a E$4H;SN \  
        A      B          C      D ^_3 $f  
swan's. ^`dMjeF  
考点:程度副词 +h/OQ]`/m  
答案:A ro AHkI  
应改为:little 3AR'Zvn  
解释:形容词tiny不能修饰比较级longer, 应改用程度副词a little 5xnEkg4q4  
词汇:gracefully: 优雅地, swan: 天鹅
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
2+6=? 正确答案:8
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交