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英语作文的总体评分原则（内容与语言两个方面） hR3lo;'
记分标准如下： YV*s1 t/
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13-15（20－17）分：内容切题，包括题中所列三方面的内容：清楚表达其内涵，文字连贯；句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。文章长度符合要求。 *D ld?Q
10-12（16－13）分：内容切题，包括题中所列三方面的内容；比较清楚地表达其内涵；文字基本连贯；句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误。文章长度符合要求。 -ea>}S
7-9（12－9）分：内容切题，基本包括题中所列三方面的内容：基本清楚地表达其内涵；句子结构和用词有少量错误。文章长度符合要求。 ^4^1)' %
4-6（8－5）分：内容基本功题，基本包含题中所列三方面的内容；语句可以理解，但有较多的句子结构和词错误。文章长度基本符合要求。 J=4R" _yo
1-3（ 4－1）分：基本按要求写作，但只有少数句子可理解。 =>Y b~r71
0分：文不切题，语句混乱、无法理解。 <,d .`0:y
因此，一篇好的作文应基本达到： @cPb*
1） 有较好的写作基础，文章流畅，遣词造句不当，文章结构完整，内容符合要求； ((A]FOIbO
2） 语法基本正确； Ev;HV}G
3） 句法基本准确，句子与句子段落之间过渡连贯； *6~ODiB
4） 有一定词汇量，字数符合要求； JqTkN Ki/s
5） 说理清楚，内容充实。 LRBcW;.Su
6） 就小作文而言，还要做到格式与语域正确。 /_E8'qlx
7） 书写干净整洁。如果书写较差，以致影响交际，分数会降低一个档次。 I%^Ks$<"
考生出现的问题 O(;K ]8
不会审题 zCKZv|j6
用汉语思维，逐字翻译。 T;jp2 #
用词搭配不当。 U'zW; Lt
词汇量小，拼写困难。 iph>"b$D
句子逻辑关系混乱。 `m?%{ \
Our English class often told stories. tVd\ r"0k
应改为：We often told stories in our English class. O {a<f7 W
不会应用关联词转承上下句子和段落。 H ];|<G
People learn English to use it , Some learn it to study or work abroad . Others learn it to read books and magazines in English or have something to do with English-speaking foreigners.采用适当关联词，改进为:people learn English for practical purposes :some learn it to study or work abroad, while others learn it to read or communicate in English. ^RytBwzKM
语法错误。 6 lO]V=+
i. 分不清及物与不及物动词，例如：rise和raise; hear和listen等 LY2oBX@fC
ii. 被动与主动语态的误用，例如：interesting和interested; speaking和spoken 等； Yu-e |:
iii. 词类混淆，将动词或形容词误作名词用，将名词和动词误作形容词用等；例如：benefit和beneficial; difficult和difficulty; pleasure和pleased等。 ZB GLwe
iv. 混淆可数名词与不可数名词，例如:help, practice 等。 \y^ O d7F
v. 冠词、情态动词、介词、代词等方面的错误，例如：a English book, should did, must done等。 V %'`nJ!
有选择性的记住一些套话或短语：段落连接
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(1)“启”，常用于引导文章开头的过渡词有： [ hA%VF.9
It is often said that…
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Generally speaking… TjxZ-qw <
As the proverb says… ES!$JWK|
It goes without saying that… F>Rz}-Fy
It is clear/obvious that… sHD8#t^{
Mary people often ask … ~4h<nc
(2)“承”，常用于第一个扩展段开头的过渡词有： zvV<0 Z
It is true that… ;EbGW&T
Everybody knows that… ,/AwR?m
It can be easily proved that… #j
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No one can deny that… &Oc^LV$6
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… zY~
The chief reason why …is that … 6 nh!g
We must recognize that… B*bt t+6
There is no doubt that… k `JP
I am of the opinion that… 8uq^Q
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This can expressed as follows… ifj %!*
To take…for an example (instance) … z<aB GG
Therefore we should realize that … RUqN,C,m5I
We have reason to believe that… )9F-h8
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We know that… 51j5AbFQ"
What is more serious is that… 2g5 i3C.q$
(3)“转”，常用于第二个扩展段开头的过渡词有： MyB&mC7Es
Another special consideration in this case is that … {T4F0fu[eR
Besides, we should not neglect that… ir/m. ~?
However, … VuA7rIF$66
But the problem is not so simple, … 4?Pdld
Therefore… ,5oe8\uz
But it is a pity that… Z`x|\j
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On the other hand, … p=%Vo@
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I do not believe that… Py* ( %
Perhaps you’ll ask why… x|4m*>Ke
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to… \7rAQ[\#V
Though we are in basic agreement with … ?>c*[>LpZ
The trouble seems that… &*2\1;1tB
Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that… 2gM=vaiH=
So long as you regard this as reasonable, you many… n@5Sp2p
(4)“合”，常用结尾段的过渡词有： |dIP &9
In a word, … gc(Gc vdB\
In sum, … Gk_% WY*
In conclusion, … N(i%Oxp1
From this point of view, … MKVz'-`u
On account of this we can find that … _|<kKfd?
The result is dependent on … .OhpItn
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information… >,c$e' h
Thus, this is the reason why we must… & Tz@lvOv%
2.句子连接 }/tT=G]91
(1)“启” m$N` Xj
in the first place at present ` =m[(CLb
currently it goes without saying that & gF* p
lately first Bmx+QO
first of all now [z XK S |
presently firstly $cl [Qcw
generally recently =^liong0
in the beginning to begin with 0$=Uhi
to start with in general Y~I$goT
(2)“承” nc<w D E6
after a few days after a while ~ZrSoVP=
also at any arte /#mq*kNIM6
at the same time besides {
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by this time certainly BdW Rm=
consequently for example Yz<,`w5/6~
for instance for this purpose E} Ir<\
from now on furthermore nsT]Yxo%M
in addition in addition to… hz:^3F`>/&
in fact in other words q%H`/~AYM
in particular in the same manner 1Yr&E_5/
incidentally indeed n oWjZ
meanwhile moreover Ztz S
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no doubt obviously
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of course particularly MHF31/g\
second secondly euxkw]`h6
similarly so Gp 8%n
soon still p#14
then third ';H"Ye:D=7
thirdly truly bIvF5d>9#K
unlike… what is more FI.Ae/(U
(3)“转” Drn{ucIs
after all all the same tx$i(
anyway at the same time
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but by this time /6?A#%hc
conversely despite… @ve4rc/LI
especially… fortunately 1/ZvcdYB
however in other words tVAWc$3T
in particular in spite of… "7w~0?}
in the same way likewise q5Bj0r[/o
luckily nevertheless S io> QL Y
no doubt not withstanding … Mz?xvP?z
on the contrary on the other hand 7m4gGkX#r
otherwise perhaps… `&3hfiI}
unfortunately unlike… |E&
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whereas… yet \t
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nonetheless as a matter of fact /0S2Om h
(4)“合” J
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above all accordingly 4$5d*7
as a consequence as a result jY~W *
as has been noted as I have said :Dh\
at last at length qw#wZ'<n
by and large briefly sIVVF#0}]
by doing so consequently {Df97n%h;
eventually finally MD"a%H#p
hence in brief b]-~{' +
in conclusion in short gI~ 4A,
on the whole therefore !!{!T;)l
thus to speak frankly pBZf=!+E
to sum up to summarize *A^j >lV
indeed surely WxLmzSz{xD
to conclude obviously 6w? l
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certainly truly o@6hlLr
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常用句型 *mv Dh9v
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用于反驳性和比较性论文 ?k|}\l[X1
1. In general, I don’t agree with =\QKzQ'BC
2. In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water. _, " ?R]MO
3. The chief reason why… is that…
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4.There is no true that… !ek};~(
5. It is not true that… 5x S
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6. It can be easily denied than… X \=m
7. We have no reason to believe that… !1X^lFf;~
8. What is more serious is that… <P%
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9. But it is pity that… >qqI6@h]c
10. Besides, we should not neglect that… 1#Ls4+]5
11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore… 'j#J1 xwJ
12. Others may find this to be true, but I believer that… [|vE*&:uO
13. Perhaps I was question why… LH@x
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14. There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to… ' XbrO|%
15. Though we are in basic agreement with…,but TJ5g? #Wul
16. What seems to be the trouble is… hoLQuh%2%
17. Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that… Y
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18. It would be reasonable to take the view that …, but it would be foolish to claim that… u2FD@Xq?
19. There is in fact on reason for us so believe that… as k76
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20. What these people fail to consider is that… TwaK>t 96[
21. It is one thing to insist that… , it is quite another to show that … >l>;"R9 N
22. Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too. {9,!XiF.:
23. The advantages of B are much greater than A. AB:JXMyK
24. A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration. p'fD:M:
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用于描写图表和数据 $;V?xZm[
1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of 1998. )5j1;A:gr
2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year. ULJ V
3. It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995. c*@#0B
4. It would be expected to increase 5 times. Uc[ @]
5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
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6. It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996. l_MF9.z&
7. The total number was lowered by 10%. Pw :{
8. It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year. h,palP6^
9. Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent. j{`C|zg
10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995. 5.TeH@(
11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with… \I[f@D-J
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用于解释性和阐述性论说文 5Xr<~xr
1.Everybody knows that… "dItv#<:}
2.It can be easily proved that… h8)m2KrZ!.
3. It is true that… ]}z a
4. No one can deny that 3$yOv "`
5. One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is… <pXF$a:s
6. The chief reason is that… <|
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7. We must recognize that… h't!
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8. There is on doubt that… ih[! v"bv
9. I am of the opinion that… Pqtk1=U
10. This can be expressed as follows; |}0 7tUq
11. To take …for an example… d7
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12. We have reason to believe that -H+<81"B#
13. Now that we know that… =U- w!uW
14. Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned… #JD:i%
15. The change in …largely results from the fact that +;| " #
16. There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally… (=e JceE!
17. A number of factors could account for the development in… G< _<j}=
18. Perhaps the primary reason is… Ui43 &B
19. It is chiefly responsible of… 4b/>ZHFOF;
20. The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact… z=[?&X]O9b
21. Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that… gT&s &0_7
22. Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that… |~d8j'rt
23. It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon… ' &+ 5L.
24. Different people observes it in different ways. O+w82! <:
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用于文章的开头 Q?xCb
1. As the proverb says… S@^ o=B]]
2. It goes without saying tan… vvwQ/iJO4Q
3. Generally speaking… 0tS <
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4. It is quite clear than because… Py^fWQ5I~%
5. It is often said that … |J^}BXW'^)
6. Many people often ask such question:“…？” yg o4.
7. More and more people have come to realize… ui .riD[,O
8. There is no doubt that… E},^,65
9. Some people believe that… (` cXS5R
10. These days we are often told that, but is this really the case? !V~,aoKTj
11. One great man said that… 69iY)Ob/
12. Recently the issue of… has been brought to public attention. @ i*It Hk
13. In the past several years there has been… jV 98 2Y
14. Now it is commonly held that… but I doubt whether… |EZ\+!8N:{
15. Currently there is a widespread concern that… {"vTaY@
16. Now people in growing number are coming to realize that… ' i;/?'!W6
17. There is a general discussion today about the issue of … '?O_(%3F0
18. Faced with…, quite a few people argue that…, but other people conceive differently. e anR$I;Yj
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用于文章的结尾 j0uu* )Rk
1. from this point of view… m/bP`-/,
2. in a word… Y9r##r+
3. in conclusion…
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4. on account of this we can find that… 0U&@;/?
5. the result is dependent on… -PiakX
6. therefore, these findings reveal the following information: iY;>LJmp
7. thus, this is the reason why we must… ] rS:# LK
8. to sum up … R|'ftFebB.
9. as far as…be concerned, I believe that… H aA2y
10. It is obvious that… +aZcA#%
11. There is little doubt that… W!o|0u!D
12. There is no immediate solution to the problem of …, but …might be helpful G/N 1[)
13. None of the solutions is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way. Ux-i iH#s
14. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on… ? ^gq
15. Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclustion that… ZbfpMZ g
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用于论证和说明 F S!D
1. As it is described that… aL^
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2. It has been illustrated that… k@|G
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3. It provides a good example of… l}_6 _g>6
4. We may cite another instance of… sH51 .JG
5. History man provides us with the examples of… ZVz`g]
6. A number of further facts may be added… g4 ^3H3Pd
7. The situation is not unique, it is typical of dozens I have heard. h9kwyhd"
8. A recent investigation indicate that… "sYZ
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9. According to the statistics provided … . "Q} 2
10. According to a latest study, it can be predicted… oVQbc \P3
11. There is no sufficient evidence to show that… tt A' RJ
12. All available evidence points to the fact that… .oqe 0
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13. Examples given leads me to conclude that… {ObU J3
14. It reveals the unquestionable fact that… ]Jo}F@\g
15. The idea may be proved by facts… .u: aX$t+
16. All the facts suggest that… sBa&]9>m
17. No one can deny the fact that… M{g.x4M@W
18. We may face the undeniable fact that… r3 dGX
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