英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等， 见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在 \nL@P6X
表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下： |W& K@g$
倍数增加 C+mPl +}w
一、 A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer， o? K>ji!
more，…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of 4!
F$nmG)
B.(③)以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度，数量，……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长，多，……)n-1倍]. #$!^1yO
Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，three * e<'|Kq
times the length of )that one. k
,r*xt
这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。 wOrj-Smx
注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than(as，of)B常被省去。 vy >(?[
二、increase to n times(④) Qkw _ 9
increase n times/n-fold(⑤) gI@nE:(m
increase by n times(⑥) 0TiDQ4}i[
increase by a factor of n(⑦) .cmhi3o4
以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。 -Q ];o~
Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times x_/H
as compared with last year. v^[!NygShs
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against HPo><u
l986.化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。 -; i:bE
That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 2<V`
那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。 ^a!oq~ZSy
The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 87KSV"IU8
漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。 Dr}elR>~G=
注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。 x@> ~&eP
三、There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)应译为：增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式： = Fq{#s C>
Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported. vJ&35nF&
据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。 t6)R 37
四、double (增加1倍)，treble(增加2倍)，quadruple(增加3倍)。(⑨)Eg. The efficiency of the eV0eMDY5
machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。 a^VI)
五、此外，英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如： 90wnwz
A is as much (large，long，…)again as B.(=A is twice as much DnF | wS
(large，long，…)as B.(⑩)应译为：A比B多(大，长，……)1倍。 y35e 3
A is half as much (large， 1ong，…)again as B. ^6!8)7b
【=A is one a half times as much (large， 1ong，…)as \z.p [;'ir
B.】(11)应译为:A比B多(大，长……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。 G B6(WAmr
