英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等， 见圈码)很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在 g*\/N,"z
表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下： KH KS$D
倍数增加 RnVtZ#S
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一、 A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①)A is n times greater (longer，
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more，…)than B.(②)A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of +5<k-0v
B.(③)以上三句都应译为;A的大小(长度，数量，……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(长，多，……)n-1倍]. P#kGX(G9!
Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，three wbbqt0un
times the length of )that one. kg5ev8
这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍(即长两倍)。 {!ZyCi19
注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than(as，of)B常被省去。 *E>.)B i
二、increase to n times(④) U3;aLQ*
increase n times/n-fold(⑤) `Y?t@dd
increase by n times(⑥) n_[i0x7#
increase by a factor of n(⑦) hPm>tV2X
以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。 TDK@)mP
Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times hi{%pi&!T
as compared with last year. .;/L2Jv
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against r2*<\ax
l986.化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。 =?@Q -(bp
That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 'aJgLws*w
那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。 UgHf* m
The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. ?dy~ mob
漏电压增加了3借(即增加到原来的4倍)。 Pd=,$UQp
注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。 OTvROJP
三、There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)应译为：增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。这个句型还有其它一些形式： ]o.vB}WsY
Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported. ,+/zH'U}
据报道,价值破记录地增长了3倍。 s PYX~G&T
四、double (增加1倍)，treble(增加2倍)，quadruple(增加3倍)。(⑨)Eg. The efficiency of the v L_zvX A
machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。 I %_MV
五、此外，英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如： J}g~uW
A is as much (large，long，…)again as B.(=A is twice as much x2wg^$F*oO
(large，long，…)as B.(⑩)应译为：A比B多(大，长，……)1倍。 `_AM` >_
A is half as much (large， 1ong，…)again as B. j \)H
【=A is one a half times as much (large， 1ong，…)as AY2:[ 5cm
B.】(11)应译为:A比B多(大，长……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。 gy _$#e
