独立主格特征 w"Y` ]2
• 1. 充当句子的状语。 (t+;O;
• 2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 ~^ jq(:d)
• 3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 n{*D_kM(H
• 4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词）
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• 例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. u$#Wv2| mk
• b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. t_^X$pL
• c) he entered the room, with his hands open （holding a rifle). 8Me:Yp_Xt
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真题剖析 9I27TKy
• (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. &Mq~T_S
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because y;w x?1 )
虚拟语气（1） &s Pq<l o
虚拟语气（2） #6Fez`A
• 1. （should）+动词原形 B~]5$-
• It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 %,S
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• It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 L37 Y+C//
• It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 &, A64y
• 部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 N{
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• 2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 M FTk qbc
would rather +动词过去式 X[`bMa7IB(
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真题剖析 fkf1m:Ck
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• (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … kB?al#`
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t +fvaUV_-
• (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. H
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53. A. ordered B. pleaded d>;&9;)H
C. decided D. demanded 06$!R/K
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非谓语动词 % K(<$!
• 动名词、分词、不定式。 :Y9NLbv
• 主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) PV|uPuz
• 发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) Y3Vlp/"rB"
• To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 2M #
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真题剖析 ^i:`Zf A#
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• (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. N[k wO1
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60. A. dropped B. to drop C. dropping D.drops E b=}FuV
主谓一致 (1) 31/Edd"]
• 1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 v4C{<8:X
How you got there doesn’t concern me. u m9_ru~
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Pp )3(T:
• 2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 ,"B+r6}EF
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. `w]s;G[
• 3. 以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。 c%=IL M4
• 4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 ULQMG'P^D
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ;qrB\j"
主谓一致 (2) m=YU2!Mb
• 5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 8MSC.0
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. Th=eNL]
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) hiQha5
• 6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等） :_O%/k1\@
He no less than John is interested in literature. [7[0^ad
主谓一致 (3) >%wLAS",w
• 7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) ,T2G~^0
Either my father or my brothers are coming. ^Vpq$'!
• 8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 8 XU1 /i7N
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. {7)st
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真题剖析 ONe# r
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• (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. p`l0?^r
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53. A. none B. few C. any D. some ]w.;4`l*
54. A. event B. work C. level D. rate )a-Du$kd
倒装 cJrmm2.0kD
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一、全部倒装 zRyuq1Zyc,
二、部分倒装
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全部倒装 _ A=$oVe
• 1. “There (Here) +be+主语” /AW=5Ck- #
There stand big buildings in this district.
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Here on the desk lies a pile of books. f`[R7 Q5
• 2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) <"_d ]?,
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. e:5bzk!~
• 3. 介词短语作状语位于句首 F F|F U<
In the middle of the room stood the naughty boy. (_"*NY0
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全部倒装 D}mjN=Y
• 4. 表语位于句首 +1D+]*t_?[
Especially remarkable was his flat nose. 0}CGuws
Not far from here is a famous university. /
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• 5. so,nor, neither, no more 位于句首,代表前文 h]TQn)X]
She wasn’t angry, and neither was I. 7D;cw\ |
Peter doesn’t like pop music. No more does his brother. WUh$^5W
• 6. 分词短语位于句首（分词+be +主语） LS917ci-
Gone forever were the days that we depended on foreign oil. m5r 7
部分倒装 +w+} b^4
• 1. 疑问句 +Nt2
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• 2. 否定副词(seldom, rarely, scarcely, hardly, little, never, few, not until, not only) 位于句首（作形容词时例外） MZT23 [+
Never did John speak rudely to his parents. ;oc& Hb
• 3. “only+状语”位于句首 d%o &+l#
Only when he comes back can be leave. L{8xlx`
• 4. “hardly…when”, “scarcely…when”, “no sooner…than”, “not only…(but also)” 位于句首 o}* hY"&
No sooner had he got into the classroom than the class began. P7{ gfiB
部分倒装 ~4 `5tb
• 5. not,no组成的词组位于句首(in no way, under no circumstances, on no account…) ~ V\D|W9
By no means should you break the rules. SN1}xR$
At no time should we give in to difficulties. LILQ\I<<
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• 6. 虚拟倒装(had, were, should放到句首) `0 Oh_8"
• 7. “形容词/名词/动词+as/though（尽管,虽然）+be动词” /,g ,Ch<d
Small though the room is, it can hold more than twenty people. <|SRe6m
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house.
