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1.定义 oT
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 *=rl<?tX
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二、分类 N]3XDd|q
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: yfj<P/aA+
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 s<:J(gD
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. :%R3(
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 _|3n h;-m
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. fU,sn5zZ
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 {$b]K-B
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 +PjH2
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. RV-7y^[]^
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 n>{>3?
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 |oa9 g2
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 5P [b/.n
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 5\lOZYHX
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” "aHA6zTB
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 _ 7X0
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. 2Ck'A0d
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 fO|oV0Rw
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 nO.RB#I$F
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. 7#wdBB%
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 ~;>
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 5'*v
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. y(!J8(yA
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 Ky(=O1Ufu
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. >AFX}N#
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 N3 O~_=/v?
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. !LDuCz
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 T;{M9
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2.考博真题 T8*<
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) *p&c}2'
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这是一个主从复合句。 ?
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: <X5'uve
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers '%k<? *
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 SHM
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… m%mA0r
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that ulc m
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. ppwjr
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if OK=lp4X
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 }P
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 {i:5XL
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 DXbzl
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. $!+t2P@d.5
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这是一个主从复合句。 ?DAW~+,!7o
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: gk%8iT
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主句:the astronauts feel… ?[[K6v}q{
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed D,aJ`PK~
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when J6*Zy[)%&S
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. vt;<+"eps
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if Ga4Ru
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 u8U
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 J~Gq#C^e
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? *iSsGb\M%
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这是一个主从复合句。 ~o:lh],~
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下:
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority I;`)1
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting M%f96XUM
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand m(nGtrQJm
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if MyZ@I7Fb,
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 1R)4[oYN\<
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 MWGW[V;