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1.定义 n*"r!&Dg
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 HW]?%9a
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二、分类 cFc(HADM`r
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: |8f }3R 9
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 6yy%_+k*
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. tTBDb
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 "x R6~8
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. q;bw}4
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 8OZasf
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 t3<8n;'y:
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. +# 'w}
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 P}~MO)*1
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 !DOyOTR&3
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. g>h/|bw4
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 H2BRId
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” 'Z~ZSu
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. #epbc K
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 Mc.{I"c@
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 9k ~8n9
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. 56z>/`=
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 zN!W_2W*
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 0a89<yX
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. CWkWW/ZI
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 "qq$i35x
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. #).^k-
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 9ia&/BT7"z
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. sC\?{B0r
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 o=Z:0Ukl]
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2.考博真题 gH(#<f@ZI
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) $Mg O)bH
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这是一个主从复合句。 } OIe!
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: Me z&@{
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers O\Y*s
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 92Gfxld\
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… ,k.")
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that 5+{oQs_
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. <z60EvHg
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if ~b*|V
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 DJdhOLx
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 |Z>}#R!,P
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition %t* 9sh
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 -{A64gfFxT
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. o6
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这是一个主从复合句。 (:H4
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: p+nB@fN/
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主句:the astronauts feel… ~t*_
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed [p0_I7
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when _w <6o<@
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. s<C66z
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if 1TN+pmc}@
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 YpSK|(
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 1$yS Ii
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? FePWr7Ze
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这是一个主从复合句。 mL s>RR#b
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: _cc9+o
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority d[e;Fj!
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting J35[GZ';D
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as lH
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand F='rGQK!1
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if G2_l}q~
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 ?Kf?Z`9 *Y