考博英语长难句方式状语从句 !HhF*Rlr
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1.定义 '*@=SM
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 k;SKQN
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: C58B(Ndo
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 :w4N*lV-
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. YzEOfHL,
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 YOvhMi
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. pDhUD}1G
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 ;U y}(
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 um( xZ6&m
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. ~K(mt0T)
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 Jq8v69fyQ
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 HLc3KYIk
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. OO,EUOh-T:
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 T!^v^m@>y
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” !lM.1gTTC
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 D/,(xWaT
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. 5Z=GFKf|
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 ~c*kS E2X
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 Mf7
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. [lu+"V,<LJ
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 H;ujB \+
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 8>xd
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. -M4VC^_
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 {s6hi#R>
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. lsgZ
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 >gl.ILo
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 7ZUS
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 8~O0P=
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2.考博真题 @ 0/EKWF
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) 6H;\Jt
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这是一个主从复合句。 =dp`4N
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下:
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers &3itBQF
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 b27t-p8
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… Ml)<4@
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that TeyFq0j@'
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if >}d6)s|
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 @scSW5+
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 zY].ZS=7
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition GxE`z6%[
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 EV;"]lC
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. -y/Y%]%0
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这是一个主从复合句。 WGUd@lC~
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: 2=|Ks]<P
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主句:the astronauts feel… #5X+.!L
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed }RQHsS
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when ) LohB,?
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. UxnZA5Lk*
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 l^__oam
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 E/ ^N
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? zo1fUsK?
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这是一个主从复合句。 sLc,Dx"+
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: tSVS ogGd
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority P6`LUyz3
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting {O4&HW%
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as VwT&A9&{8
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand Q5*"t*L!N
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if dA0
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 ;33SUgX
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 Li\b,_C