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主题 : 英语语法的十六种时态
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楼主  发表于: 2008-07-18   

英语语法的十六种时态

英语语法的十六种时态 一、概况 Fw5r\J87c  
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一般时 SVo`p;2r  
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进行时 m"vV=6m|\  
{:enoV"  
完成时 0\U28zbMJw  
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完成进行时 t>v']a +k  
,O(XNA(C  
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 一般过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 {ersXQ:  
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二、十六种时态的谓语形势 aV(*BE/@F  
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态 现在 do/does am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去 did was/were doing had done had been doing 将来 shall/will do shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing 过去将来 should/would do }Gz"og*8  
should/would be doing should/would have done should/would have been doing xI~\15PhG  
一般过去时的用法 N]yk<55  
D\V}Eo';6  
1)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 >8tE`2[i*  
  When I was a child, I often played football in the street. nw5#/5xw  
  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.      D1O7S]j  
m9xu$z| e  
2)句型: a k;Z;  
  It is time for sb. to do sth  "到……时间了"  "该……了" #G{T(0<F  
  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了"  "早该……了" y~S[0]y>  
  It is time for you to go to bed.  你该睡觉了。 ^LC5orO  
  It is time you went to bed.   你早该睡觉了。 >v<}$v6D~  
  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' T8hQ< \g  
  I'd rather you came tomorrow. vP~F+z @g  
$oua]8!  
3) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 Ol%*3To  
 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 q-8  GD7  
@i)tQd!s  
比较: DU7Ki6  
  一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 'FUPv61()  
 Christine was an invalid all her life.  #/jHnRrQ   
  (含义:她已不在人间。) -=sxbs.aA  
 Christine has been an invalid all her life.  gaCGU<L  
  (含义:她现在还活着) sw@ 2 ?+  
 Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. Sl_zO?/PF  
  (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) ^LcI6 h  
 Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. h?1pGz)[C  
 ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) q-3KF  
   RYhdf   
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 ) k2NF="o  
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Q.] )yqX6  
   Did you want anything else? .6;B3  
   I wondered if you could help me. qlxW@|  
2)情态动词 could, would. -*Pt781  
   Could you lend me your bike? {pg@JA  
一般将来时 g`6wj|@ =W  
G7202(w <  
w${=dW@K  
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 <EUSl|6  
  will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 mT>p:G  
  Which paragraph shall I read first. E 9:hK  
  Will you be at home at seven this evening? Iq=B]oE  
~ 7Nyi dV;  
2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。 5mNXWg7#]  
  a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。 oI~Qo*4eh  
   What are you going to do tomorrow? wg.fo:Q  
  b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 F s\P/YX  
   the play is going to be produced next month。 vxT"BvN  
  c. 有迹象要发生的事 I{I [N &N  
   Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. JW [\"`x!  
\87J~K'  
3)  be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 y(  
   We are to discuss the report next Saturday. I<K/d  
&:#8ol(n5b  
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 }C"*ACjF   
  He is about to leave for Beijing. .l5" X>  
  注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 yN<fmi};c  
现在进行时 ,HkhKbQ  
1 " 7#|=1/  
]U1,NhZu  
   Mr. GREen is writing another novel.  )9* 3^v  
   (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) sg"D;b:X  
   She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. 9Pp|d"6]y  
 c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 7jH`_58  
   the leaves are turning red. a`~eC)T  
   It's getting warmer and warmer. L(n/uQ :  
 d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 H"rzRd; S  
   You are always changing your mind. E5BgQ5'  
ou^nzm  
典型例题 @IY?DO  
  My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.  Rw\C0'  
 A. has lost, don't find   B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found  D. is missing, haven't found.   UnWGMo?JEi  
  答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。 Wejwj/EU%  
过去进行时 "I}Z2  
?5v5:U(A  
1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 )Ct*G= N  
,;iBeqr5  
2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。 51M^yG&M  
Kxl,] |e>  
3) 常用的时间状语 C9F+e  
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while loUl$X.u  
z34>,0  
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   My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.  p + l_MB  
   It was raining when they left the station. ytve1<.Ff  
   When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.  fcE)V#c"g  
5{FM#@  
典型例题 W~u   
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.  ]`@]<6  
A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes iTLW<wG  
  答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。 MKe^_uF  
W ~Jzqp9g  
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. JEsLF{  
read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell ^S#\O>GHP  
  答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。 `8Jq~u6_Z  
比较过去时与现在完成时  W `N}  
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一般过去时的时间状语: l`b1%0y  
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 Vd%v_Ek  
~!ZmF(:  
共同的时间状语:  =naR{pI  
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately  i*S|qX7``  
6 u-$  
现在完成时的时间状语 Zk=*7?!!  
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,      till / until, up to now, in past years, always, S9 G+#[.|  
不确定的时间状语 *;hY.EuoFz  
  U@6jOZ  
  3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. ~)q  g  
  过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 OXHvT/L`  
 举例: 9 Uh a2o  
  I saw this film yesterday. ZfPd0 p  
  (强调看的动作发生过了。) p$Kj<:qiP  
  I have seen this film. *u>lx!g  
  (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)  / O|:{LQ  
  Why did you get up so early? {O^TurbTFA  
  (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) I^~=,D  
  Who hasn't handed in his paper?  mZ~qG5@/F  
  (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) n /QfdAg  
  She has returned from Paris.  2_;]  
   她已从巴黎回来了。 d0(Cn}m"c  
  She returned yesterday. Q}kfM^i  
   她是昨天回来了。 VeZey)Q  
  He has been in the League for three years. 4% HGMr  
  (在团内的状态可延续) bGv* -; *  
  He has been a League member for three years. *>jjMyn  
  (是团员的状态可持续) ''IoC j  
  He joined the League three years ago.  &lAQ &  
  ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) [oV{83f  
  I have finished my homework now.  6*IpAIh  
  N l@k*^  
  ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? Lf. 1>s  
  ---He's already been sent for.  WsR+Np@c  
  句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 6vto++  
  (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. t<nFy  
  (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.新开千年私服了!奇迹私服
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板凳  发表于: 2008-10-01   
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沙发  发表于: 2008-07-28   
好啊,多谢有心人
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