加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 英语语法的十六种时态
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2008-07-18   

英语语法的十六种时态

英语语法的十六种时态 一、概况 g]jCR*]  
W4$F\y  
一般时 8XD_p);Oy  
hFMT@Gy  
进行时 n7pjj  
)}1S `*J/O  
完成时 cXbQ  
yeIc Q%  
完成进行时  S)x5.vo^  
QSyPtjg]  
一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 现在完成进行时 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成进行时 一般将来时 将来进行时 将来完成时 将来完成进行时 一般过去将来时 过去将来进行时 过去将来完成时 过去将来完成进行时 U(5Yg  
2q ~y\fe  
二、十六种时态的谓语形势 'wVi>{?  
一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 完成进行时态 现在 do/does am/is/are doing have/has done have/has been doing 过去 did was/were doing had done had been doing 将来 shall/will do shall/will be doing shall/will have done shall/will have been doing 过去将来 should/would do 8K2=WYN  
should/would be doing should/would have done should/would have been doing Vr hd\  
一般过去时的用法 6"/4@?  
I 8VCR8q  
1)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 g[(Eh?]Sc  
  When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ,P^4??' o  
  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.      + lZvj=gW  
tgC)vZ&a  
2)句型: h@fF`  
  It is time for sb. to do sth  "到……时间了"  "该……了" JzmX~|=Xi  
  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了"  "早该……了" d$:LUxM#  
  It is time for you to go to bed.  你该睡觉了。 =H8Y  
  It is time you went to bed.   你早该睡觉了。 lQ#='Jqfp  
  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' rY295Q  
  I'd rather you came tomorrow. ?<1~KLPMhY  
g9gi7.'0  
3) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 9*2 ^2GR^;  
 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 _&aPF/  
i0rh {Ko  
比较: a;=IOQ  
  一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 , FR/X/8  
 Christine was an invalid all her life.  *vOk21z77d  
  (含义:她已不在人间。) F h+g@ u6  
 Christine has been an invalid all her life.  Z6 E_Y?  
  (含义:她现在还活着) CT JwZY7  
 Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. R)6"P?h._4  
  (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) A+hA'0isF@  
 Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. JC iB;!y  
 ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) MzE1he1  
   009Q#[A  
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。 \i3)/sZ?l  
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 "6gBbm  
   Did you want anything else? p#6tKY;N  
   I wondered if you could help me. S =G2%u!;  
2)情态动词 could, would. y7x*:xR[  
   Could you lend me your bike? |q c<C&O  
一般将来时 q^h/64F  
Xn02p,,  
D B(!*6#?  
1) shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。 p3 V?n[/}  
  will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在争求意见时常用于第二人称。 (U@$gkUx}G  
  Which paragraph shall I read first. b8!   
  Will you be at home at seven this evening? Qh+zs^-?  
O=oIkvg  
2) be going to +不定式,表示将来。 ~-#Jcw$+n=  
  a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。 ZE9.r`  
   What are you going to do tomorrow? E6zPN?\ <  
  b. 计划,安排要发生的事。 gv1y%(`|n(  
   the play is going to be produced next month。 <==6fc>s  
  c. 有迹象要发生的事 AF>t{rw=/  
   Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. &Tg~A9y\  
vRH2[{KQ9  
3)  be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 ~_ u3_d.  
   We are to discuss the report next Saturday. &Bqu2^^  
dSe d 6  
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。 GP;N1/=  
  He is about to leave for Beijing. z\$(@:{A  
  注意:be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 }G<~C x5[  
现在进行时 w~yC^`  
sKk+^.K}|  
1iqgVby  
   Mr. GREen is writing another novel.  E6z&pM8<8  
   (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。) )S;3WnQ)  
   She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. #qW#>0U  
 c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 AH_qZTv0{Q  
   the leaves are turning red. Tgh?=]H  
   It's getting warmer and warmer. U uC-R)  
 d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 $ Ggnn#  
   You are always changing your mind. ?a)Fm8Y  
Pm, .[5uc  
典型例题 =3!o _  
  My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.  `?b'.Z_J  
 A. has lost, don't find   B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found  D. is missing, haven't found.   a&UzIFdB  
  答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态,应用进行时,由于没有找到,其影响仍然存在,应用完成时,瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。 g@T}h[  
过去进行时 \>G}DGz  
XMdCQ=  
1) 概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 ZCV i ZWo  
sG)aw`_j  
2) 过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。 xaVn.&Wl  
-m@PqJF^  
3) 常用的时间状语 gS8+S\2  
this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while v5@M 34  
)(_NFpM  
o OC&w0  
   My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.  v$w}UC%uf  
   It was raining when they left the station. P+=m.  
   When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.  LrT EF j  
V1pBKr)v  
典型例题 l1KgPRmEP  
1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.  0{vH.b @  
A. made  B. is making  C. was making  D. makes ir"t@"Y;o  
  答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性,"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。 zBu@a:E%H  
gPb.%^p  
2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. i q oXku  
read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell =J)<Nx.gA  
  答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。 %y|pVN!U  
比较过去时与现在完成时 ^L)TfI_n  
b9m`y*My  
{-8Nq`w  
{\CWoFht>  
一般过去时的时间状语: 3Ovx)qKxd  
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 ;Q^>F6+_m  
0<a|= kZ  
共同的时间状语:  A[ncwJ  
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately  vdC0tax  
M\a{2f7'n  
现在完成时的时间状语 {59  >U~  
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,      till / until, up to now, in past years, always, !'p <Kh[i  
不确定的时间状语 q,O_y<uw  
  T3@2e0u )  
  3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. ;Vs2 e  
  过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 t(6]j#5   
 举例: D 5n \h5  
  I saw this film yesterday. H-+U^@w  
  (强调看的动作发生过了。) #Iv KI+"  
  I have seen this film. Zk((VZ(y  
  (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)  G3io!XM)D  
  Why did you get up so early? grzmW4Cw  
  (强调起床的动作已发生过了。) Gd_0FF.  
  Who hasn't handed in his paper?  o>C,Db~L/  
  (强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。) m+;U,[%[*E  
  She has returned from Paris.  ''@Tke3IG6  
   她已从巴黎回来了。 V 97ORI  
  She returned yesterday. 4@3\Ihv  
   她是昨天回来了。 S',h*e  
  He has been in the League for three years. PL{lYexJ  
  (在团内的状态可延续) * @]wT'  
  He has been a League member for three years. 9 d a=q  
  (是团员的状态可持续) %xCL&}bY  
  He joined the League three years ago.  0*b8?e  
  ( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。) i@nRZ$K  
  I have finished my homework now.  XXum2eA  
  v77UE"4|c  
  ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?  94PI  
  ---He's already been sent for.  X-(( [A  
  句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。 m_oUl(pk  
  (错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. =Pw{1m|k  
  (对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.新开千年私服了!奇迹私服
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
板凳  发表于: 2008-10-01   
收下
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
沙发  发表于: 2008-07-28   
好啊,多谢有心人
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
freekaobo官方微信订阅号 正确答案:考博
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交