填空题常考结构 IP{$lC
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一、主句单一原则 4P5^.\.
任何一个句子中只可能有一个主句。 B1FJAKI);
做题时考生需要首先判断原题中已经给出的句子结构,如果已经有一个主句,那么就绝对不能够再出现另一个主句,除非中间有连接词进行联系。 S8kzAT
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例1:--, work songs often exhibit the song culture of a people in a fundamental form. )l!
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(A) They occur where they are LibQlNW\
(B) Occuring where PRUl-v
(C) Where they occur iF
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(D) Where do they occur )\D{5j
分析:空格后面是一个主句,(A)为带有从句的主句,空格后又是主句,有两个主句一定错。 ?[.8A/:5
C为地点状语从句,正确(劳动歌曲发生的地方)。 lw~
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例2: --Indiana, is in a rich farming and dairy area, it is primarily a diversified industrial center 4X/UyBk
(A) Fort Wayne `9^+KK "
(B) Although Fort Wayne WvArppANo
(C) For wayne is in f@J
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(D) Fort Wayne, in ;a>u7rw
分析:空格后有两个谓语动词但中间没有连接词,由此可知,最后一句话是一个主句,空格处应该有从句引导词,四个选项中只有(B)中although能引导从句,故选(B)。 }.'rhR+
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二、谓语动词专一原则 bW!
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任何一个句子只可能存在一个谓语动词。 >EFWevT{
句子中不可能没有谓语动词,也不能多于一个谓语动词(除非中间存在连接词)。 FP=27=
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例1:William Walker's mural, “Wall of Respect,” -8FUR~WJ
-----an outdoor wall in Chicago, deals with #|,cy,v4
social issues. ^<-r57pz
(A) covers R{bG`C8.d
(B) covers it T_D] rMl
(C) which covers pw4^E|X
(D) which it covers Ic_NQ<8
分析:空格后的deals with 是谓语动词,A, B是谓语形式, 和deals with 之间没有连接词,可先排除; D 中的it多余,因为在定语从句中which已经作了主语;C构成正确的定语从句 _h#I}uJ~
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例2:In copper engravings and etchings, -----caused [yk-<}#B
by the edges of the plate is clearly visible on jy2gR1~
the paper. 7`A]X,:
(A) the impression is I-r+1gty
(B) if the impression is (oX!D(OI
(C) impressions }kr?+)wB
(D) the impression EI 35&7(
分析:题目中的is是谓语,A,B中是谓语重复。C为复数名词,与后面的谓语动词is的数不一致,故也排除。因此选择D,caused.... 修饰impression uz{RV_IX7
三、平行结构 9>9EZ?4m
技巧:如果填空题中空格的后面有and, 或者and后面有空格,那么这道题目一定是考察平行结构。 1]~w?)..'
填空题中平行结构出现的形式是: ; iia?
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A and B, gHstdp_3
A , B, and C <OGG(dI
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例1:The technique of recording, classifying, and-- 6u+aP
is known as accounting. kc^,V|Nbq6
(A) an enterprise's transactions summary rjK`t_(=
(B) the summarizing of an enterprise's Wvr{
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transactions %?PFe}
(C) transactions of an enterprise are s4"OsgP+
summarized n^T,R
(D) summarizing the transactions of an @GFB{ ;=
enterprise R^*baiXVI
分析:空格的后面是and, 一般考平行结构,空格处缺与前面recording、classifying并列的动名词。 %A$&9c%
四个选项中只有(D)符合条件,故选(D)。 lQ;BI~
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例2:Louis T. Wright, a surgeon, developed 8#7qH
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ingenious orthopedic braces, --, and Z]]Ur
supervised the first use of Aureomycin on xmvE*q"9]
human patients. {p84fR1P
(A) treating skull fractures that he pioneered in EsMX#1>/m
(B) pioneered in treating skull fractures -[=eVS.2%
(C) which pioneered in treating skull fractures :u14_^
(D) he was a pioneer in the treatment of skull ?q:|vt
fractures VLez<Id9(
分析:空格后面是and, 空格处缺少和developed、supervised平行的谓语动词,因此选择(B)。 /kb
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四、宾语从句结构 eThaH0
宾语从句的引导词在前面的主从复合句中已经提到。 P]43FPb
这里指出的是填空题中关于宾语从句考的最多的两个结构: &J>e;X
state(陈述,表明)+that I,{YxY[$7
indicate(指明,表明)+that o.{W_k/n
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例1:The quantum theory states --, such as light, }5;4'l8
is given off and absorbed in tiny definite DiFYVR<@
units called quanta or photons. O[Vet/^)
(A) energy that QqA=QTZ}
(B) that it is energy F8f}PV]b
(C) it is energy SYCL\b
(D) that energy OETo?Wg1Z
分析:空格前的谓语动词states一般接关系连词that引导的宾语从句,故首先排除C。空格后已有谓语动词,空格不应再出现谓语动词,因此D正确。 ?QOU9"@+B
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例2:Studies of the gravity field of the Earth DB/~Z
indicate--yield when unusual weight is o,6t:?Z
placed on them. U#jz5<r
(A) although its crust and mantle h?mDtMCw2
(B) its crust and mantle to B9maz"lJ
(C) that its crust and mantle mUBy*.
(D) for its crust and mantle to M3
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分析:空格处显然缺谓语动词indicate的宾语。(A)和(D)不能作宾语,可首先排除。(B)使句子结构混乱、语义不清,因此选择(D),构成宾语从句。 |oY{TQ<<d
五、介词+ which结构 {^N,=m\
许多同学在选择which还是介词+which上总是不太明白,这里有一个技巧可以告诉大家。 xfYKUOp/
“which”后面一定加一个缺主语或者宾语的句子,
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因为“which”在这个句子中作了宾语或者主语成分。 jIol`WX
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“介词+ which”后面则跟一个完整的句子, cQ8[XNa
因为”介词+which”整个结构在定语从句中作状语。 Cv**iW
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例1:In the United States, a primary election is L&p R#
a method ---- voters select the nominees qSY\a\.<
for public office. #])"1fk
(A) that Pb5yz-?
(B)by which )w7vE\n3
(C)is that -xn-Af!v
(D)by those %7#<K\])
分析:空格前后都是句子,因此缺从句引导词或连接词,首先排除C和D。 fap`;AuwK
A能够引导从句,但是根据题意,修饰method是不通的。 'S`l[L:.8
B是介词+which, 引导定语从句,(大选是一种方法,根据这个方法,选民怎么….);正确 ~y<0Cc3Vs
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例2: Croquet is a popular lawn game ------ players nWd!ovd
hit wooden balls through wire arches called KF%BX~80C
wickers. P5Xp #pa
(A) when pN9 !
(B) which m
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(C) is when wWl?c
(D) in which OSBR2Z;=
分析:空格前后都是完整的句子,空格处缺定语从句引导词,由此首先排除(A)和(C)。但是到底是选择B还是D,则看从句,从句是完整的句子,那么一定选择D, 关系代词which 前应该有介词。 @:N8V[*u
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六、in that结构 K#R]of~/
在表示“原因”概念的引导词中, WtOjPW
because of +名词, _XZ
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consequently是副词 j.=:S;
而“in that”是原因状语的引导词。 T`#nn|
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例1:Mercury differs from other industrial metals #}7T$Va
---- it is a liquid. .j4y0dh33
(A) whereas "r^RfZ;
(B) in that LUQ.=:mBR
(C) because of F_@B ` ,
(D) consequently b|i4me@
分析:空格前后都是完整的句子,空格处显然缺从句引导词。C、D不能引导从句,可以首先排除。 c=v016r\
根据题意,两个句子之间是因果关系而不是对比关系,故选(B)。in that为复合连词,用来引导原因状语从句。 fI1CT)0<e
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例2:Hovercraft, or air-cushion vehicles, are unusual mV}b
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-- travel over land and water on a layer of air. \(Ma>E4PNU
(A)they ?mNB:-Q
(B)in they $%EX~$=m]-
(C)that they Z_GGH2u
(D)in that they dA<%4_WZty
分析:空格处缺从句引导词和从句主语。A和B缺从句引导词,首先被排除。C一般作宾语从句或定语从句,而句中需要的是状语从句,故也排除。D中in that为连词,引导表原因的状语从句,符合题意(气垫船之所以不同,是因为……),故选D。 sc*R
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这里我们再重申一下,如果选项中出现“介词+which”或者“in that”,那么首先考虑这个选项,如果后面使用的是完整的句子结构,那么这个选项就一定是答案。这种题目平时出现的不多,但是要考的话一定就是重点。 z</C)ObL
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例3:Emily Dickinson's garden was a place ------ &4OOW;,?<
great inspiration for her poems. HzM\<YD
(A) that she drew i$kB6B#==
(B) by drawing her 6%
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(C) from which she drew Bw;isMx7
(D) drawn from which G@P;#l`(D
分析:首先看选项C, “介词+which”, 而后面是she drew great inspiration for her poems.是一个完整句子,那么选项C就是答案。 G$,s.MSf
七、what结构 h[dJNawL
what结构在95.8以后的新题中考的非常多,记住一点: (rFkXK4^J
what=the thing that .6MG#N
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例1:The chief foods eaten in any country depend < }K9 50
largely on ----- best in its climate and soil. :?~)P!/xl5
(A) it grows PxYK)n9&
(B) what grows yr'-;-u
(C) does it grow <,$*(dX)(
(D) what does it grow TDw~sxtv&
分析:空格前有depend on这个短语,四个选项都是句子,故可判断出空格处为宾语从句。A和C没有从句引导词,故排除,(D)的语序有问题,从句不能用特殊疑问句的倒装形式,故(B)正确。 mh4 VQ9
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例2:During the eighteenth century, Little Turtle f\5w@nX
was chief of the Miami tribe whose territory qt.4dTd:_
became----is now Indiana and Ohio. n3?P8m$
(A) there mvH}G8
(B) where ]*]*O|w
(C) that T$mT;k
(D) what r;b `@
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分析:空格处缺的词既要引导从句又要作从句主语。四个选项中只有D符合条件。 #IGcQY
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八、同位语结构 /Q W^v;^
同位语考试形式一:名词作主语,主语同位语 fFVQu\
___, __ _, ___ (注意是两个逗号) cq]0|\Vz
例1:The tongue , -----, is an important aid in chewing
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and swallowing . i.^UkN{
(A) is the chief organ of taste &:C[
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(B) tasting the organ chiefly ~{g/
(C) the chief organ of taste JoB-&r}\V*
(D) the organ chiefly tastes 3v$n}.
分析:空格处显然缺定语或同位语。句中已有谓语动词is, 故先排除A和D。(B)不合题意,故也可排除。(C)是名词短语,适合作主语的同位语,使句子完整,句意正确,故选(C)。 Z
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同位语考试形式二:名词作主语,后面的名词是主语同位语,解释说明后面的名词 ;[lLFI
___, ___ (注意是一个逗号) o ;9H~E
例2:A prolific writer of prose and verse, ----of ^4JK4+!Zfq
Native Americans in her novel, Century of 41B.ZE+*qd
Dishonor. EQ"_kJ>81Y
(A) Helen Hunt Jackson took up the cause CNj |vYj
(B) the cause taken up by Helen Hunt Jackson IN;!s#cl:
(C) was Helen Hunt Jackson's cause %/U'Wu{*
(D) the cause that Helen Hunt Jackson took up. J#w=Z>oz <
分析:空格前为名词短语,空格后为介词短语,空格处明显缺主语和谓语动词。根据空格前名词短语的意思判断,主语应该是人名而不是指物的名词,故选(A)。 1h162
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例3:Often very annoying weeds ,-----and act as oQVm)Bn'R
hosts to many insect pests. -Nz
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(A) that crowd out less hardy plants than MD;,O3Ge
goldenrods
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(B) crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrods b!QRD'31'j
(C) the goldenrod's crowding out of less hardy {R7RBX
plants /a$Zzs&xs
(D) goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants N1>M<N03
分析:空格后面是and, 句中缺少与and并列的谓语动词。A只有从句没有主句; B,C分别是分词和名词短语, 无法与动词act并列; D 包含主语的同位语goldenrods和谓语动词crowd。 _=
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同位语考试形式三:主谓宾后面出现一个名词,那么名词可以作宾语或者表语的同位语 {)Zz4
例4:An Olympic marathon is 26 miles and 385 A|mE3q=
yards, approximately ---- from Marathon to T/%k1Hsa4H
Athens. ;]BNc"
(A) the distance is ][\ uH|
(B) that the distance is E_z,%aD[
(C) is that the distance tnXW7ej ^
(D) the distance m KKa0"
分析:逗号前为完整的句子,后面如果再接句子一定要有连接词或者从句引导词。A、B、C均为主谓结构,但都没有从句引导词,故排除。D是名词短语作表语同位语,故选(D)。 527u d^:
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九、比较结构 i&}LuF8
比较结构中要注意两点:1、倒装性;2、对称性 wxG*mOw
例1:Western Nebraska generally receives less U|+`Eth8(
snow than --eastern Nebraska. 4l{La}Aj
(A) does P6'0:M@5
(B) in JS >"j d#
(C) it does in &4p~i Z
(D) in it does %CrpUx
分析:than引导比较状语从句,空格后面是个专有名词,肯定是比较从句的主语,空格处明显缺从句的谓语动词,只有(A)符合条件,故选(A)。注意than eastern Nebraska does 是正确的语序,但是原文中使用了倒装;在比较结构的后面部分中,如果比较从句的主语长,谓语动词短,动词可放到主语前面进行到装。 XQ Si
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例2: Hot objects emit----- do cold objects. rsK
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(A) rays more than infrared !6+V
(B) rays are more infrared than
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(C) more than infrared rays Kku@!lv
(D) more infrared rays than K+U0YMRmz
分析:emit为及物动词,空格处缺宾语和引导比较从句的than, 只有(D)符合条件。注意空格后为倒装形式,do代替emit以避免重复。此题为常考的句子结构。 Fz$^CMw5K
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比较结构中还需要注意相互比较的必须属于同一种事物 |uA /72
例3:The activities of the international marketing .!1E7\
researcher are frequently much broader than ----. {<Vw55)#0Q
(A) the domestic marketer has a&`Lfw"
(B) the domestic marketer does wIQt
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(C) those of the domestic marketer v$|cF'yyF=
(D) that which has the domestic marketer sTYA
分析:本题还是考查比较句,由于谓语动词是系动词are, 故先排除与其不对应的以has和does结尾的(A)和(B)。选项D则语义不清,也可排除。C中those代替前面提到的activities以避免重复,those一定要具备,因为只有这样才能满足比较的都是activities,谓语动词are因与主句谓语动词相同而被省略,因此C为正确答案。 u,Cf4H*xS
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例4:The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing H[iR8<rhQ
is greater than --. /.@"wAw:
(A) that of its mining and farming combined ;[j)g,7{
(B) mining and farming combination :W1B"T<
(C) that mining and farming combined M[ ,:NE4H
(D) of its combination mining and farming ?xCWg.#l4V
分析:本题为比较句,一般来说,比较的双方应属于同一类事物。句中主语显然是比较的一方,而空格处应是与之相对应的另一方。(B)、(C)、(D)均无法与the annual worth相对应,故可以排除。(A)中代词that代替 the annual worth, 是英语中常见的避免重复的用法,故选(A)。 {c AGOx wd
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十、定语从句省略结构 :.fm LL
关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时可以省略 )ocr.wU@
例1:Most crocodiles will eat anything----capture HY7#z2L
and overpower. WQYw@M~4Q!
(A) can !&vPG>V
(B) they can [-JU(:Rh
(C) which can sb*)K,U
(D) and |jTRIMj%,_
分析:空格前是个完整句子,空格后是两个并列的及物动词,后面却没有宾语,由此可推断出空格处缺能作从句宾语的从句引导词和从句主语。(A)、(D)没有从句引导词,可首先排除。(C)有从句引导词,也可作从句的宾语,却没有从句主语。正确答案(B)看似没有从句引导词,实际上是省略了引导词that,故选(B)。that they can capture, that引导定语从句在句子中做capture的宾语。 8A2 _4q@34
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例2:A majority of people in the United States can j
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get all the calcium their bodies----from the p u6@X7W"
food they eat. 9g`o+U{
(A) require F>[T)t{m=
(B) requires YS+|
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(C) requiring L~>~a1p!
(D)to require <]h?_)
分析:此题显然缺从句谓语动词,故首先排除(C)和(D)。(B)为第三人称单数形式,与主语bodies相矛盾,故也可排除,因此选择A。 ~~X-$rtU
their bodies require from the food they eat是定语从句修饰calcium, 省略了that; 实际上they eat也是定语从句省略了that修饰the food aLt2fB1 )
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“介词+名词”在定语从句中做表语时,关系代词和be动词可以同时省略,剩下的形容词短语做名词的后置定语。 i9j#Tu93 f
例3:To produce one pound of honey , a colony of yJ?S7+b
A "TP^:Ln
bees must fly a distance equals to twice around S<UWv@`U"
B C D {>n\B~*,"C
the world. h3t);}Y}D9
分析:句子中实际上是省略了that is, a distance that is equal to, 因此equals to 应该改为equal to <3C/t|s
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例4: A neutron star forms when a star much more massive 'Uu!K!
A B C db`L0JB
than the Sun dies and exploded. r6gfxW5
D LeaJ).Maw
分析:句中省略了which is, a star which is much more ^c| _%/
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十一、状语从句省略结构 :kQydCuK
Metals expand when they are heated. 8(ej]9RObU
Metals expand 是主句;when they are heated 是状语从句。但是这个状语从句中可以省略掉they are, 句子变成:Metals expand when heated. 但是并不是所有的状语从句都可以这么省略。这种省略从句主语的方式理论上需要满足以下两个条件: chA7R'+LA
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第一、从句主语和主句主语必须保持一致; B"?ivxM:U
第二、从句的谓语必须是be动词,主语和be动词同进同出, VDTt}J 8
比如上面的they和are要么同时省略,要么同时保留。 dTZ$92<
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例1:Although----rigid, bones exhibit a degree of K*S3{s%UR
elasticity that enables the skeleton to withstand |ya.c\}q
considerable impact. Ake@krh>$
(A) apparently y4)iL?!J~
(B) are apparently Dl@Jj?zc
(C) apparently their a'Yi^;2+\
(D) are they apparently we8aqEomr
分析:连词although通常引导主谓完整的状语从句,当从句主语与主句主语相同、从句谓语又为系表结构时,则可省略主语和连系动词,故正确答案为(A)。Although apparently rigid = Although bones are apparently rigid, 注意bones和are必须同时省略。 5Ky(C6E$s
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因此,我们从上面的例题中来分析一下填空题中状语从句省略以后的形式: v=d16
though, although, even thought, while, If, when等为引导状语从句的词; ,pIh.sk7s*
这些词后面一定+形容词(分词),主句(注意逗号的后面是主句,前面是从句) #MFIsx)r
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例2:All marble is composed of crystals of the VwOcWKD
minerals calcite or dolomite, ----, are perfectly F3[,6%4v
white. l];/,J^
(A) when, pure which ;SIWWuk
(B) when, which pure _"*}8{|
(C) which, pure when $*|M+ofQ
(D) which, when pure F3hG8YX
分析:空格前是个完整的句子,空格后是系表结构,空格处显然缺非限定性定语从句的引导词兼作从句主语。(A)、(B)不引导非限定性定语从句,可首先排除。(C)中的pure和when位置错了,故选(D)。注意when pure是插入语,同时也是省略用法when they are pure;which are perfectly white, 状语从句省略结构, dci<Rz`h
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例3:--relatively costly, the diesel engine k/(]1QnW
is highly efficient and needs servicing #q4uS~
infrequently Xv3pKf-K
(A) Even =*1NVi $n
(B) It is C;j&Vbf
(C) Even though vA}_x7}n(
(D) There is YS_3Cq
分析:B和D填入后,都是构成两个主句,不对;Even though则引导状语从句,even though it is, 这里it is 已经省略。 .G#li(NWH
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十二、动词ing+名词的复数作主语结构 FgL892[
这是一个比较难的结构,因为许多同学经常混淆动名词和现在分词。 T7%!JBg@
现在分词相当于形容词,和后面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系; J\P6
动名词是相当于具有动词特征的名词,和后面的名词是动宾关系。 e[16
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那么如何在句子中判断动名词和现在分词呢?我们来看两个例子: +:"0%(
Doing exercises is a good habit. 做练习是一个好习惯。 iGkysU<wcp
The starring troops have to surrender. :eSsqt9]9
第一个句子强调的是做,而不是练习,不能说练习是一个好习惯,只能说做练习是一个好习惯,因此do是中心词,它和后面的名词是动宾关系,那么这个do就是动名词; Fn7OmxfD
第二个句子说挨饿的军队必须投降,是军队投降,而不是挨饿要投降,因此中心词是troop,starring是来修饰troop的,因此starring是现在分词。 UKQ"sC
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在“动词ing+名词的复数”作主语结构的句子中,谓语动词是系动词is a eeor
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例1:--by transferring the blame to others is often @0
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called scapegoating. ~7 U~
(A) Eliminate problems ^:]$m;v]
(B) The eliminated problems(被消除的问题) ]jFl?LA%7
(C) Eliminating problems Q{RmE:
(D) Problems are eliminated s<)lC;#e
分析:空格处缺主语。(A)不能作主语,(B)的名词为复数,与后面谓语动词相矛盾,(D)使句子出现两个谓语,故排除。(C)构成动名词短语,可作句中主语,故选(C)。这个题目的意思是通过把责任转嫁给别人,这种消除问题的方式,通常叫做替罪羊。 CF2Bd:mfZ
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例2:--wooden buildings helps to protect them UhpJG O
from damage due to weather. \?d3Pn5`
(A) Painting 2h'Wu
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(B) Painted m$kQbPlatN
(C) The paint IF|6iKCE
(D) By painting 6FQi=}O 1
分析:从谓语动词helps可判断出主语不可能为buildings, 因为主谓语在数上不一致,故空格处缺构成单数的词。四个选项中只有动名词painting符合这一条件,故选(A)。(B)构成复数名词短语,(C)无法与后面的名词连接,(D)构成介词短语,不能作主语,三个选项都可排除。 52dD(
painted wooden buildings 被油漆的房子,中心词是buildings, 后面help不能用单数 RHg-Cg`
painting wooden buildings油漆房子这件事情,中心词是painting k(l2`I4V
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例3:Scientists think -- helps some tree to :Ko6.|
conserve water in the winter. (
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(A) when losing leaves 1!~cPD'F
(B) leaves are lost );\c{QF
(C) that losing leaves 6
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(D) the leaves losing x8PT+KC
分析:这道题目大家都能够选择C, 但是我们必须彻底理解C为什么正确,think that后面是宾语从句。losing是及物动词,丢弃叶子帮助树来保持水分,要注意不是树叶来帮助保持水分,而是丢弃树叶这个动作来保持水分。丢弃叶子是树主动丢弃,因此losing是动名词。 hTr5Q33y>
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十三、make结构 _`|1B$@x
make结构即为:make +sth.(宾语) +possible+(宾语补足语) IW3k{z
共有三种形式: !Qe;oMqy}
make it possible+to do "6$V1B0KW
make it possible+that引导的从句 f'^uuO#x
make possible sth (这个sth一定很长,它后面有一个后置定语) 2T~cOH;T
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做题技巧: PgWWa*Ew
如果possible后面有to do 或者that引导的定语从句, 中间一定有it 3/kT'r
如果possible后面有名词,中间一定没有it _rT\?//B
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例1:X-rays are able to pass through objects and ;sZG=y@
thus make--details that are otherwise AK2Gm-hHK
impossible to observe . mL{P4a 1xf
(A) it visible
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(B) visibly Km`
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(C) visible P[nc8z[
(D) they are visible t4WB^dHYp
分析:此题考动词make的一种用法,visible后面有名词,因此中间不能有it,选择C;可以看到空格后that引导的是定语从句,visible是宾语补足语,宾语补足语的存在是因为宾语太长了,details是宾语。 !Zz;;Z
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例2:Using many symbols makes--to put a large J D
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amount of information on a single map. Z2% HQL2
(A) possible =}^NyLE?
(B) it possible *'<AwG&
(C) it is possible uN|A}/hr]
(D) that possible 9%!h/m>rW
分析:从四个选项可以判断出本题考make的一种惯用法。首先排除明显的错误选项:C为句子,却没有与主句相连的连词,D中that后面应有主语并构成结构完整的从句。 由于后面是动词不定式,因此possible前面一定有it, it作形式宾语,故B正确。 ToXWFX
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十四、the more …the more…结构 WRh5v8Wz0
这个结构的意思是“越….越…”,结构一共有三条规则: _C?j\Wy
1. the more后面的名词必须使用冠词或者所有格, 新题专门考这条规则 SepjF
2. the more 后面的谓语如果是be动词的话,可以省略,例如上面的例题 {f/qI`
3. 第二个the more 后面可以使用倒装,而第一个后面却不行 3[YG
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the more, the more其实是原因状语从句,前面是原因,后面是结果,倒装句中必须是主句倒装,从句绝对不能够倒装。 1Ms[$$b$
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例1:The stronger--magnet, the greater the *;7y
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number of lines of magnetic force. yk+ 50/L
(A) of N'Gq9A
(B) the /x<g$!`X
(C) is the 44]s`QyG
(D) is of the JzyCeM =
分析:本题显然考查”the more … the more…”结构,the more后面的名词必须使用冠词或者所有格,因此只能选择B [GwAm>k
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例2:The less the surface of the ground yields to the wwUI ;g
weight of the body of a runner, --to the body. 1'kO{Ge*p:
(A) the stress it is greater y7Po$ )8l
(B) greater is the stress qt"D!S_
(C) greater stress is :6n#y-9^1
(D) the greater the stress u?osX;'w
分析:正确答案为D。此题考the more … the more句型,只有D符合这一句型的要求,故选D。 w:&""'E
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十五、表示结果的伴随状语结构 UhxM85M;x
主谓宾完整的句子后面,如果出现两个词,thereby或者thus, 那么这两个词后面必须使用现在分词,表示“从而怎么样”的意思,这便是表示结果的伴随状语结构。但是必须注意并不是thus后面就是加doing,必须是前面一个完整的句子才对。 S|85g1}t
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例1:A microphone enables a soft tone to beamplified , "J VIkC
A B ~#_~DqbMZ5
thus making it possible the gentle +8Xjk\Hi
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renditions of romantic love songs in a large hall. -Q
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分析:Possible后面有名词,那么it应该去掉,thus后面表示结果的伴随状语从句,表示从而使得歌曲演唱成为可能。 A*JOp8\)
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例2:The Smithsonian Institution preserves more :F(4&e