2017考博英语完形填空模拟试题及答案 | 考博英语完型填空

nanafly

级别: 总版主

20楼发表于: 2016-07-29

Managers must become proficient cross-cultural communicators if they wish to succeed in today’s global environment. Culture consists of the values, attitudes, and　1　in a given group of most of the people most of the time.　2　communication is communication in a management　3　to achieve a　4　result (writing a memo, interviewing an applicant, running a meeting, preparing a presentation). If you are working in a different culture, you may have to reconsider your communication　5　and evaluate its　6　.

　　A realistic　7　in one culture may not be so in another. One way to　8　what might be realistic is to analyze　9　psychologists call the “locus of control.” People in some cultures　10　believe in “　11　control” over destiny--that is, that people can control events themselves. People in other cultures believe in “external control” over destiny--that is, events are　12　and uncontrollable. What　13　an appropriate time frame in one culture may not be achievable in another. It all depends on the culture’s　14　of time. In some cultures, timetables are exact and　15　. Examples of such cultures include Germany and Switzerland. Other cultures have more relative and　16　attitudes toward time; one may be kept waiting; projects may　17　more slowly. Examples here are Latin and African countries. An　18　in Cameroon tells of a meeting scheduled for 9:00a.m. in Yaounde. People began to arrive at 1:00 p.m.　19　, however, when the last person　20　at 2:00 p.m., the other Cameroonians admonished him for being later.

　　1. [A] performance[B] achievement[C] behavior[D] progress

　　2. [A] Managerial[B] Manageable[C] Measurable[D] Measuring

　　3. [A] context[B] contest[C] contrast[D] contract

　　4. [A] deserved[B] desired[C] derived[D] distinguished

　　5. [A] relative[B] representative[C] subjective[D] objective

　　6. [A] visibility[B] viability[C] variability[D] validity

　　7. [A] soul[B] goal[C] glory[D] game

　　8. [A] work at[B] get at[C] look at[D] jump at

　　9. [A] how[B] why[C] when[D] what

　　10. [A] tend to[B] intend to[C] extend to[D] contend to

　　11. [A] individual[B] inward[C] internal[D] inner

　　12.[A]unprecedented[B] unexpected[C] preoccupied[D]predetermined

　　13. [A] concerns[B] constructs[C] constitutes[D] consists

　　14. [A] concept[B] conclusion[C] context[D] contribution

　　15. [A] present[B] precise[C] precious[D] perilous

　　16. [A] relaxed[B] reduced[C] related[D] released

　　17. [A] melt[B] multiply[C] move[D] mount

　　18. [A] executor[B] executive[C] officer[D] official

　　19. [A] Surprisingly[B] Surprisedly[C] Accordingly[D] Similarly

　　20. [A] showed off[B] showed up[C] showed around[D]showed through

　　答案解析：

　　1. 【答案】C

　　【解析】performance是“工作，表现”，achievement是“成就，成绩”，behavior是“行为，举止，表现”，progress是“进步，进展”。这句话里values，attitudes和待选项属于并列关系，三者共同构成文化，需要在四个选项中选择一个与价值观、态度对应，很明显，behavior(行为)是最佳答案，因此选C。

　　2. 【答案】A

　　【解析】managerial是“管理方面的，经营上的”，manageable是“可管理的，易处理的”，measurable是“可测量的，重要的”，measuring是“测量用的”。从这句话的结构(communication is communication…)可以看出，整句话是对一种communication的定义，那么，只要看句子后半部分的提示就能猜测出正确选项。后半句中针对这一空格的关键词是 management，这是一种与管理有关的交流，于是直接排除C、D选项，再考虑A、B与communication的搭配，最后选择A。

　　3. 【答案】A

　　【解析】context是“(人、事、物存在于其中的)各种有关情况，来龙去脉，背景，环境”，contest是“竞赛，比赛”，contrast是“对比，对照”，contract是“合同，契约”。比较四个选项的意思，context是最合适的选项，因此选A。这句话的意思是：“管理方面的交流是处于管理背景下的交流。”

　　4. 【答案】B

　　【解析】deserved是“该受的，应得的，理所当然的”，desired是“渴望的，想得到的”，derived是“派生的，导出的”，distinguished是“卓越的，杰出的”。能与result搭配的是deserved和desired，这句话中，to achieve. . . 这个不定式表目的，强调的是一种愿望、目的，所以选B。

　　5. 【答案】D

　　【解析】relative是“亲戚”，representative是“代表”，subjective是“主观”，objective是“目的，目标”。答案显然是D，这句话的意思是：“如果你在不同的文化中工作，你可能需要重新考虑交流的目标。”

　　6. 【答案】B

　　【解析】visibility是“可见性，明显性，可见度”，viability是“可能性”，variability是“可变性”，validity是“正当，正确(性)，效力”。首先排除A和C，这两个都不能和communication搭配，另外，交流没有正确与否，于是排除validity，剩下B是正确答案。

　　7. 【答案】B

　　【解析】soul是“灵魂，心灵”，goal是“目的，目标”，glory是“荣誉，光荣”，game是“比赛，游戏”。短文第一段最后一句话提到人们在不同的文化中工作要重新考虑交流的目的并估计其可能性，第二段就此展开讨论，第一句话承上启下，这句话中的realistic和上句viability相对，空格里要选择与上句。objective相对应的单词，所以选B。

　　8. 【答案】B

　　【解析】work at是“从事于，致力于”，get at是“触及，抓住，接近，着手处理”，look at是“看，看待”，jump at是“跃向，急切地接受，欣然应承”。这句话中的what might be realistic相当于上一句中的a realistic goal，get at是最合适的搭配，因此选B。

　　9. 【答案】D

　　【解析】analyze是及物动词，因此可以判断analyze后面是一个宾语从句，四个选项中只有what能够引导宾语从句，所以答案是D。

　　10. 【答案】A

　　【解析】tend to是“往往会，倾向于”，intend to是“打算，计划”，extend to是“延伸到”，contend to不是固定搭配，contend是“争夺，竞争”。这句话说有的文化的人相信人类自己能控制事情的结果，这应该是一种普遍现象，一种倾向性，所以选A。

　　11. 【答案】C

　　【解析】individual是“个人的，个别的”，inward是“内部的，体内的，内心的，向里边的”，internal是“内在的，本性的，主观的，个人的”，inner是“内部的，内心的，精神的，心灵的”。如果只看词义，似乎比较难选择，但我们只要看看下一句话，问题就迎刃而解了。这两句话说的是不同文化的人们不同的信仰，无论从句子结构，还是用词，这两句话都对得很工整，因此我们靠对应关系就能确定答案，和external相反的是internal，因此选择C。

　　12. 【答案】D

　　【解析】unprecedented是“无前例的，绝无仅有的”，unexpected是“意外的，突如其来的”，preoccupied是“全神贯注的，入神的”，predetermined是“预先决定的，预先确定的”。需要填的内容和后面的uncontrollable应该是并列的，从这个角度考虑，D是最佳选项，意思是人们相信事情是预先决定的，人们无法控制。

　　13. 【答案】C

　　【解析】concern是“涉及，有关于”，construct是“建造，构筑”，constitute是“组成，构成，形成”，consist是“组成，构成”，后面要加of，所以这里只能选constitute，答案是C。这句话的意思是：“在一种文化中构成适宜的时间范围的在另一种文化中可能无法实现。”

　　14. 【答案】A

　　【解析】concept是“概念，观念，思想”，conclusion是“结束，结论”，context是“背景，环境”，contribution是“捐献，贡献”。conclusion和contribution明显不符合题意，而concept和context这两个词中能与后面的of time搭配的只有concept，因此答案是A。这句话的意思是：“这完全取决于文化当中的时间观念。”

　　15. 【答案】B

　　【解析】present是“现在的”，precise是“精确的，确切的”，precious是“宝贵的，贵重的”，perilous是“(充满)危险的，濒临毁灭的”。因为要填的答案与前面的exact用and相连，两者是并列的，所以这里选择exact(精确的，准确的)的近义词precise，答案是B。

　　16. 【答案】A

　　relaxed是“从容的，宽松的”，reduced是“减少的，缩短的”，related是“有关的，相关的”，released是“释放的”。四个选项中能和attitudes搭配的有relaxed和related，接着再联系上下文，上文提到在有的文化里面时间表是很精确的，而这句话写的是其他文化里不同的时间概念，应该是和上文所说的精确的时间表相对的，relaxed正好与E文的exact和precise相对，所以选A。

　　17. 【答案】C

　　【解析】melt是“融化，溶解”，multiply是“增加，繁殖，增殖”，move是“(工作等)进展，发展，移动”，mount是“增加，增长，上升”。四个选项中能和projects搭配的是move，因此答案是C。这句话的意思是：“项目可能进展更加缓慢。”

　　18. 【答案】B

　　【解析】executor是“执行者，实施者”，executive是“管理人员，经理”，officer是“军官，官员，公务员”，official是“官员，行政人员，高级职员”。这篇文章是讲跨文化交际在商业中的运用，因此选择executive，答案是B。

　　19. 【答案】A

　　【解析】surprisingly是“使人惊奇地，出人意外地”，surprisedly是“惊奇地，诧异地”，accordingly是“相应地，因此，于是”，similarly是“相似地，相仿地”。前面那句话说：“人们在下午一点开始到场。”这句话的大概意思是最后一个人下午2点到的时候，其他人责怪他迟到了。自己迟到了，还怪别人迟到，这种做法有点出人意料，因此选surprisingly，答案是A。

　　20. 【答案】B

　　【解析】showoff是“展览，陈列，炫耀，卖弄”，show up是“来到，出席，露面”，show around是“带领…参观(某地)”，show through是“暴露，显露”。根据句子意思选择show up，和前半句的arrive是同一个意思，因此答案是B。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

21楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an __1__ should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, __2_-_, most people make several job choices during their working lives, __3__ because of economic and Industrial changes and partly to improve __4__ position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should __5__ entersintosa broad flexible training p

　　rogram that will __6__ them for a field of work rather than for a single __7__ .

　　Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans __8__ benefit of help form a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing __9__ about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss __10__. Some drift from job to job. Others __11__ to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.

　　One common mistake is choosing an occupation for __12__ real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students - or their parents for them - choose the professional field, __13__ both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal __14__. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar“ job is __15__ good reason for choosing it as life's work. __16__, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the __17__ of young people should give serious __18__ to these fields.

　　Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants __19__ life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take __20__ for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.

　　1. A. identification 　B. entertainment 　C. accommodation　 D. occupation

　　2. A. however 　B. therefore 　C. though 　D. thereby

　　3. A. entirely　 B. mainly　 C. partly　 D. his

　　4. A. its　 B. his 　C. our　 D. their

　　5. A. since　 B. therefore　 C. furthermore　 D. forever

　　6. A. make 　B. fit 　C. take 　D. leave

　　7. A. job　 B. way　 C. means　 D. company

　　8. A. to 　B. for 　C. without　 D. with

　　9. A. little 　B. few 　C. much 　D. a lot

　　10. A. chance 　B. basis 　C. purpose 　D. opportunity

　　11. A. apply 　B. appeal 　C. stick 　D. turn

　　12. A. our　 B. its 　C. your 　D. their

　　13. A. concerning　 B. following　 C. considering　 D. disregarding

　　14. A. preferences　 B. requirements 　C. tendencies　 D. ambitions

　　15. A. a 　B. any 　C. no 　D. the

　　16. A. Therefore 　B. However 　C. Nevertheless 　D. Moreover

　　17. A. majority　 B. mass 　C. minority 　D. multitude

　　18. A. proposal 　B. suggestion 　C. consideration 　D. appraisal

　　19. A. towards 　B. against　 C. out of 　D. without

　　20. A. turns 　B. parts 　C. choices　 D. risks

　　参　考　答　案

　　1.D　 2.A　 3.C 　4.D 　5.B 　6.B 　7.A　 8.C　 9.A　 10.B

　　11.C　 12.B　 13.D　 14.B 　15.C 　16.D　 17.A　 18.C　 19.C　 20.D

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

22楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(an)__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it__2__ a variety of functions in human life.

　　The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media __8__，such as video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity，these media，__9__television，__10__public concern and research attention.

　　Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the media，is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or negatively.__13__one，societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers，__16__from our televisions and entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media__18__on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness，a(n)__20__that carries unrealistic physical expectations.

　　1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative

　　2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices

　　3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense

　　4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted

　　5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate

　　6. [A] abundance [B] incidence [C] prevalence [D] reccurrence

　　7. [A] disposed [B] hidden [C] implicit [D] potential

　　8. [A] merged [B] emerged [C] immerged [D] submerged

　　9. [A] apart from [B] much as [C] but for [D] along with

　　10. [A] promote [B] propel [C] prompt [D] prosper

　　11. [A] inspired [B] imposed [C] delivered [D] contributed

　　12. [A] External [B] Exterior [C] Explicit [D] Exposed

　　13. [A] As [B] At [C] For [D] In

　　14. [A] mark [B] effect [C] impact [D] shock

　　15. [A] generalized [B] regularized [C] standardized[D] categorized

　　16. [A] boom [B] bottom [C] brim [D] beam

　　17. [A] over [B] with [C] on [D] at

　　18. [A] play [B] take [C] profit [D] resort

　　19. [A] barely [B] carefully [C] narrowly [D] subjectively

　　20. [A] ideal [B] image [C] stereotype [D] criterion

　　答案

　　1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9.D 10. C

　　11. B 12.A 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19.C 20.A

　　总体分析

　　本文主要论述了大众媒介对青少年产生的影响。第一段指出，大众媒介可以替代社会机构和社会交往在年轻人的生活中起着各种各样的作用。第二段指出，由于青少年模仿他们在电视中看到的乃至将其与现实相混淆，人们一直担忧媒介对他们可能产生危害。第三段媒介对美的狭隘界定对青少年的不良影响。

　　全文翻译

　　大众媒体是我们文化的重要组成部分，但是它也可以成为年轻一代的助手、建议者和教师。大众媒介作为许多机构和社会交往的替代品影响着年轻人的生活。通过这种方式，它在人们生活中起到了各种各样的作用。

　　在电视屏幕前耗费的时间常常是以休闲为代价的，即有更少的时间用于游戏、娱乐和休息。由于被电视屏幕上的东西吸引，孩子们不仅模仿他们看到的，而且还直接将自己视为电视中的各种不同的人物。美国人对媒体中暴力的普及及其对孩子和青少年的潜在危害的担忧至少已经有四十年了。在这段时期里，新的媒体，如：电视游戏、有线电视、音乐录像带以及网络出现了。由于这些媒体继续受到欢迎，它们连同电视一起引起了公众的担忧和研究的注意。

　　媒体使年轻一代受到社会另一大关注的方面是身体形象问题。外部力量能对身体形象产生正面和负面的影响。举例来说，社会文化标准和大众媒介的营销冲击着我们关于美的观念。在大众媒介中，标准美女的形象充斥着报刊杂志，从电视中播放出来，在电影中娱乐着我们。甚至大众媒介还在广告中利用公认的瘦和健康的文化价值来赢得商业利润。青少年被给予的是狭隘界定的吸引力的标准，它是一种包含着对外形的不切实际的期望的完美标准。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

23楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Globalization will have a powerful effect on the future of dining. Recipes and meals from the world’s kitchens will be　1 　anywhere and anytime. Globalization is the master　2　that will drive the world of food. Formerly remote 3 and cooking styles are creating a whole new culinary mosaic as they are　 4　and reinterpreted all over the world.

　　For the globe-trotting businessman, food savvy will be an important　5　of career mastery. Being successful in South America or the Far East means having insight　6　another culture, and local　7　will become an important component of that. People will need　8　of food and ingredients from different continents and cultures as one aspect of　9　, cultural exchange, and success.

　　10　, culinary globalism will not be limited to physical travel. Chefs will learn about 11 ingredients, recipes, and techniques without ever leaving their kitchens. Soul food will continue to appeal, even as diners grow more　12　. Look for collard greens and fried chicken on the menus of upscale restaurants. Fast-casual restaurants--trendy eateries that combine speed and quality--should keep growing in 13 . Ethnic cuisines will　14 globally and combine: Look for chifa, a mixture of Japanese and Spanish foods,　15 　its native Peru. Uzbek dishes, meanwhile, combine Persian, Russian, and Chinese　16　at bistros in New York and Chicago.

　　Pizza on a griddle? New York chef Mario Batali is among those 17　pizza, making it thinner, healthier, and more 18　. One size does not fit all: look for designer delis, 19 you can choose from a wide variety of main and 20 dishes to take home and heat up yourself.

　　1[A]suitable[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]available

　　2[A] trend[B] fashion[C] tendency[D] style

　　3[A] components[B] foods[C] ingredients[D] stuffs

　　4[A] transported[B] transplanted[C] transferred[D] translated

　　5[A] part[B] role[C] portion[D] side

　　6[A] in[B] into[C] to[D] by

　　7[A] tastes[B] flavors[C] dishes[D] courses

　　8[A] information[B] knowledge[C] insight[D] experience

　　9[A] socialization[B] realization[C]standardization[D] localization

　　10[A] However[B] Somehow[C] Moreover[D] Anyway

　　11[A] strange[B] new[C] exotic[D] remote

　　12[A] health-conscious[B] price-conscious[C] taste-conscious[D] diversity-conscious

　　13[A] population[B] popularity[C] quantity[D] prosperity

　　14[A] expand[B] extend[C] export[D] exclude

　　15[A] from[B] by[C] over[D] beyond

　　16[A] flavors[B] flowers[C] flours[D] flames

　　17[A] recreating[B] rethinking[C] representing[D] replacing

　　18[A] portable[B] attractive[C] edible[D] popular

　　19[A] when[B] why[C] where[D] which

　　20[A] small[B] side[C] minor[D] secondary

　　1. 【答案】D

　　【解析】suitable是“合适的”，reliable是“可靠的”，identifiable是“可辨认的，可识别的”;available是“可获得的”。这篇文章是关于饮食全球化的，这句话要表达的意思是：“来自世界不同厨房的菜谱和饭菜将在任何时间任何地点。”根据句子意思应该填available，所以D是正确答案。

　　2. 【答案】A

　　【解析】 trend是“趋势，时髦，时尚”，fashion是“时尚，时兴，风行一时的事物”，tendency是“趋势，趋向”，style是“流行式样，款式新颖的东西”。全球化对于饮食来说，不仅是趋势，而且是一种时尚，包含这两层意思的只有trend，因此答案是A。

　　3. 【答案】C

　　【解析】component是“(组)成(部)分，零件，部件”，food是“事物，食品”，ingredient是“(混合物的)组成部分，成份，(烹调的)原料”，stuff是“食物，饮料”。要填的单词和空格后面的cooking styles构成并列关系，和烹调方式直接相关的是烹调的原料，即ingredients，foods和stuffs虽然也和主题相关，但如果和cooking styles搭配，逻辑关系不够严谨，所以答案是C。

　　4. 【答案】B

　　【解析】transport是“运输，运送”，transplant是“移植，移种”，transfer是“搬，转移，调动”，translate是“翻译，给……重新措辞，解释，说明”。空格前的they指代的是这句话的主语，即ingredients and cooking styles，空格所填的动词必须与之搭配，transport只能和ingredients搭配，cooking styles是无法transport的，transfer只能和ingredients搭配，translate只能和cooking styles搭配，只有transplant既能和ingredients，又能和cooking styles搭配，所以正确答案是B。

　　5. 【答案】A

　　【解析】 part是“一部分，部分”，role是“角色，作用，任务”，portion是“一部分，一份”，side是“边，缘，侧面，方面”。根据上下文以及英语的习惯表达，这里应该选part，A是正确答案。6. 【答案】B

　　【解析】insight后面应该跟介词into，因此答案是B。

　　7. 【答案】C

　　【解析】taste是“味道，滋味”，flavor是“滋味，味道”，dish是“一盘菜，莱肴，食品”，course是“(一)道(菜)”，常用表达法如a nine-course banquet，指的是“9道菜的宴会”。taste和flavor都是抽象名词，意思相近，无法区别，属于干扰选项，所以同时排除，正确答案是C。

　　8. 【答案】B

　　【解析】information是“情报，资料，消息”，knowledge是“知识，了解，熟悉”，insight是“洞察力，洞悉，深入了解”，experience是“经历，阅历，经验，体验”。首先排除insight和experience，因为人们不需要对不同大洲和文化的食物或原料有所洞察或者经历、经验，而information指的是关于某一形势、人或事件的信息，所以knowledge更加合适，答案是B。

　　9. 【答案】A

　　【解析】socialization是“社会化(指使人，尤其儿童，形成为其社会所接受的行为方式的过程)”，realization是“实现，理解，认知”，standardization是“标准化”，localization是“地方化，本地化”。空格要填的单词和后面的cultural exchange及Success构成并列，这段话是针对globe-trotting businessmen而言，他们为融入当地的文化需要做出什么样努力，他们的目的是让自己的行为被当地人所接受，因此要去了解当地的文化，而不是把自身的文化本地化，所以选socialization，答案是A。

　　10. 【答案】C

　　【解析】however是“然而，可是”，somehow是“由于某种未知的原因，不知怎的”，moreover是“而且，此外”，anyway是“无论如何”。第二段是讲奔走于世界各地的商人要了解所到之处的饮食文化，第三段是讲人们足不出户就可以了解世界其他地方的饮食，两者之间是递进的关系，所以选C。

　　11. 【答案】C

　　【解析】strange是“外地的，异乡的，奇特的，奇怪的”，new是“新的”，exotic是“外(国)来的，异国情调的，外国气派(或风味)的”，remote是“远的，边远的”。这段第一句话的意思是“此外，烹饪全球化不仅仅局限于亲身去旅行。”烹饪全球化的意思是不同国家之间的饮食文化进行交流，所以这里选择C是最贴切的。

　　12. 【答案】A

　　【解析】四个选项都是用conscious构成的复合词，指“注重…的”。soul food是指“美国(尤指南方)黑人常吃的食物(如猪小肠、玉米面包、猪脚爪、煎鲇鱼、山药等)”，传统的soul food在用料和烹调方法上对健康有一定的影响，出于健康原因，现在的soul food已经进行了一定的改良，所以这里选A。

　　13. 【答案】B

　　【解析】population是“人口”，popularity是“普及，流行，大众化”，quantity是“数量”，prosperity是“繁荣”。这句话的主语是fast-casual restaurants，同位语trendy eateries是指时髦的餐馆，强调时髦与流行，所以答案是B。

　　14. 【答案】A

　　【解析】expand是“扩大，发展”，extend是“伸展，延伸，延续”，export是“(尤指向国外) 输出”，exclude是“不让(或阻止)…进入，不包括”。可以：立即排除exclude，而这句话的主语是ethnic cuisine，export这个动作不能由它发出，因此排除export，extend指的是长度上的延伸，与cuisine也不能搭配，因此答案是A。

　　15. 【答案】D

　　【解析】这一段的主题句说：“民族特色的菜肴将向全世界扩展，并相互融合”。冒号后面的两句话是举例说明。第二句话的大概意思是说在纽约和芝加哥的小餐馆里有乌兹别克的菜，融合了波斯、俄国和中国的特色。第一句话是一个类似的例子，就是说可以在chifa这种食物的发源地秘鲁之外的地方找到它，beyond正好表达这个意思，所以选D。

　　16. 【答案】A

　　【解析】flavor是“滋味，味道”，flower是“花”，flour是“面粉”，flame是“火焰”。这句话的主干是dishes combine.答案明显是A。

　　17. 【答案】B

　　【解析】recreate是“使再现，重新创造”，rethink是“(尤指为作出改变而深入地)再想，重新思考”，represent是“代表，表述，描绘”，replace是“代替，取代”。根据这句话的主语New York chef Mario Batali和动词后的宾语pizza，可以首先排除represent和replace，因为这两个选项明显不能与之搭配，recreate是指重新创造出历史上的事物，使之再现，而pizza是一直存在的东西，并不是历史上曾经出现过而现在已经消逝的事物，用recreate也不合适，因此答案是B。

　　18. 【答案】A

　　【解析】portable是“便于携带的，轻便的”，attractive是“有吸引力的，引起注意的”，edible是“可以吃的，可食用的”，popular是“讨人喜欢的，流行的”。attractive和popular意思相近，无法取舍，所以同时排除，空格要填的单词和前面的thinner，healthier由and连接，构成并列，前两个单词分别描述了新披萨在厚度和对健康的影响这两方面的新特点，都很具体，而下文紧接着就提到“One size does not fit all”，意思是“一种尺寸不能满足所有人的要求”，这句话是对上面那句话中某个特点的进一步展开，按照这个思路，在portable和edible两个词中选择，portable指出了在体积上的新变化，所以答案是A。

　　19. 【答案】C

　　【解析】这句话逗号后面的那部分是非限制性定语从句，从句中没有缺少的句子成分，因此空格里填的不可能是关系代词，立即排除which，逗号前的先行词是designer delis，即由著名设计师设计的熟食店，表示地点，所以选择C。

　　20. 【答案】B

　　【解析】英语当中主菜与配菜的固定表达分别是main dish和side dish，所以答案是B。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

24楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Cheques have largely replaced money as a mean s of exchange, for they are widely accepted everywhere . Though this is very __1__ for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheuqes are not real money: they are quite__2__in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain __3__when he accepts a cheque and he is quite __4__his rights if, __5__ ,he refuses to do so.

　　People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called __6__ . An old and very wealth friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant__7__ . He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large __8__ of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he __9__ to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay __10__ cheque. The assistant said that this was quite __11__ , but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager’s office.

　　The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with __12__ the same name had presented them with a __13__ cheque not long age. He told my friend that the police would arrive __14__ any moment and he had better stay __15__ he wanted to get into serious trouble. __16__ , the police arrived soon afterwards They apologized to my friend for the __17__ and asked him to __18__ a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shop .The note __19__ :“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.”__20__ , my friend’s handwriting was quite unlike the thief’s.

　　1. A. complicated B. trivialC. bearableD. convenient

　　2. A. valuelessB. invaluableC. valuableD. indefinite

　　3. A. dangerB. changeC. riskD. opportunity

　　4. A. withinB. beyondC. withoutD. out of

　　5. A. in generalB. at the leastC. on occasionD. in short

　　6. A. in difficultyB. in doubtC. in earnestD. in question

　　7. A. accidentB. experienceC. eventD. incident

　　8. A. amountB. stockC. numberD. store

　　9. A. consideredB. thoughtC. conceived D. decided

　　10. A. byB. inC. withD. through

　　11. A. in orderB. in needC. in use D. in common

　　12. A. largelyB. mostlyC. exactlyD. extremely

　　13. A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worthless

　　14. A. forB. atC. untilD. during

　　15. A. whetherB. ifC. otherwiseD. unless

　　16. A. ReallyB. Sure enough C. CertainlyD. However

　　17. A. treatmentB. mannerC. inconvenienceD. behavior

　　18. A. write offB. write outC. copy outD. make out

　　19. A. readB. toldC. wroteD. informed

　　20. A. EspeciallyB. FortunatelyC. NaturallyD. Basically

　　答案

　　1. 【答案】D. convenient

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思上看，此处是讲“支票对买者和卖者均很方便”。故正确答案为 D. convenient. complicated 复杂的;trivial 琐碎的，无足轻重的;bearable可忍受的。

　　2. 【答案】A. valueless

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.valueless 无价值的。从上下文来看，支票不是真正的钱，因为支票本身是无价值的。invaluable 无法估价的，非常宝贵的。

　　3. 【答案】C. risk

　　【解析】本题测试词惯用搭配. run a risk 是习语，意为“冒风险”，例如：You are running a risk in trusting him. (你相信他是一种冒险的行为。)

　　4. 【答案】A. within

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.within one’s right 有权…，在某人的权限内：You would be quite within your right to refuse to work on Sunday.

　　5. 【答案】C. on occasion

　　【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.in general 一般来说;at the least 至少;on occasion 偶尔;in short 总之。从上下文意思来看，应选C. on occasion

　　本句译文：当店主接受支票时，他总是要冒一点的风险的。因此，如果他偶尔拒绝受支票，它也是完全有权这样做的。

　　6. 【答案】D. in question

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. call sth. in question (=raise doubts about sth.) 对…表示怀疑： His honesty was called in question. (他的诚实受到怀疑。) 不能选 in doubt,因为没有call sth. in doubt 这个习语。in earnest 认真的。

　　7. 【答案】B. experience

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. have an extremely unpleasant experience 意为“ 有一次非常不愉快的经历”。accident 事故;event 重大事件;incident 事件，事变，附带的事： border incident (边界事件)。相比之下，experience 是最佳选择。

　　8. 【答案】B. stock

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. keep a large stock of 备有大量…..的现货供应，故stock指商店供销售的现货。例如：1) This store has a large stock of shirts. (这商店有大量衬衫出售。) 2) The green grocery keeps a large stock of vegetables and fruits. (这家蔬菜水果店有大量的蔬菜水果供应。) a large store of sth. 指“ 大量储藏某物”，根据题意，此次是指商店。商店不是仓库，商店的现货是供出售的，故此处选store 不合题意。a number of 接可数名词复数，只指有若干某物，无供出售的含义。可见，如填number 虽不算错，但不是最佳答案。至于an amount of 后接单数形式的不可数名词，所以无论在逻辑意思上或语法结构上均不和题意。

　　本句译文：他去一家备有大量宝石的商店，要了一些珍珠项链来挑选。

　　9. 【答案】 D. decided

　　【解析】本题测试机构型词义搭配.decide 后可接不定式，但consider后接动名词：consider changing one’s plan. consider 后接不定式，则必须有连接代词或连接副词：consider how to change the plan, consider what to do next.至于think, 不能说think to do sth.。conceive 后不接不定式。可见consider, think 和conceive在语法结构上均不符合题意。

　　10. 【答案】A. by

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.pay by cheque 用支票支付;pay in cash或pay cash付现金。

　　11. 【答案】A. in order

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. be in order 在此句中的意思是合适，适当，符合规定，如：Is your passport in order? (你的护照符合规定吗?)in need 在逆境中：A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难之交才是真正的朋友) in use 在使用：This word is still in use. 其翻译结构是out of use(现在)不使用：This railway station used to be in use. It is now out of use. in common 共同的：We have much in common.

　　12. 【答案】C. exactly

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. exactly(=correctly, quite)正确的，完全地：Your answer is exactly right. (你的答案完全正确。) extremely 极度地，极端地;在本句中有言过其实的含义;largely 主要的;mostly 主要地，基本上，均不符合题意。

　　13. 【答案】D. worthless

　　【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.worthless 毫无价值的。根据语篇意思其他三个选择均不切题。

　　14. 【答案】B. at

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. at any moment 即刻，随时。

　　15. 【答案】D. unless

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.unless 除非，如果不。unless用来连接反意条件句：I shall go there unless it rains.

　　本句译文：当他起身要走的时候经理告诉他，警察随时会来。如果他不像招惹麻烦的话，最好在这儿呆一会儿。

　　16. 【答案】B. Sure enough

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.sure enough 果然，果然不出所料：1) I said it would happen, and sure enough it did happen. (我说这件事会发生的，果然就发生了。) 2) I told him to come, and sure enough he arrived the next morning. ( 我叫他来，果然第二天早晨他来了。)

　　really 真正地，实在;certainly 当然，肯定，确实。虽然从意义上看，这两个词填入空内似乎也说得过去，但really放在句首，做插入语并用逗号隔开时，意为“确实，实际上”，如：Really, that was a terrible mistake. (确实，那是一个严重的错误。)

　　certainly 放在句首，并用逗号分开，做插入语时，一般用于问答句中，意为“当然”，如:“Can I use the telephone?” “Certainly, you can.”

　　however 然而，用来表示语气的转折，故不合题意。

　　在选择承上启下的过度词时，考生必须纵观上下文，切勿断章取义。要注意所选的词或短语在具体的上下文中所填补的确切含义。特别要留心近义词与易混淆词，并注意句与句之间的逻辑关系。

　　17. 【答案】C. inconvenience

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. convenience不便，麻烦 ;treatment 对待，处理;manner(做事情的)方法，方式;behavior 举止，品行，行为。根据题意只能选inconvenience.

　　本句译文：由于给我的朋友带来麻烦，她们向他表示歉意，并请他抄写那个诈骗犯在几家商店里曾用过的条子。

　　18. 【答案】C. copy out

　　【解析】本题测试惯用型词义搭配.copy out 抄写;write off报废;购销(债务);write out 开出(药方，支票等);make out 弄懂;辨认，开出(支票，药方)

　　19. 【答案】A. read

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.read 此处意为“上面写道”：The ticket reads “From New York to Boston”. (票上写着“从纽约到波士顿”。) 可见，其它选项均为错误的。

　　注意：可用say来表达同样的意思：1) Her passport says she is nineteen. (她的护照上写道她19岁。) 2) The papers say the export is down. (据报载，出口额下降了。)

　　20. 【答案】B. Fortunately

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.

　　本句译文：很幸运，我朋友的笔迹与诈骗犯的笔迹完全不同。根据上下文的意思，只有填入Fortunately 才合题意。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

25楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects ___1___ some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make ___2___ impossible for us to live in the world. They would devour (eat up quickly) all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, were it not___3___ the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We ___4___ a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them ___5___  together kill only a fraction of the___6___  destroyed by spiders.___7___  , unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least ___8___  to us or our belongings.

　　Spiders are not insects, ___9___  many people think, ___10___ even nearly related to them. One can tell the ___11___  almost at a glance, ___12___  a spider always has eight legs but an insect never more than six.

　　How many spiders are ___13___  in this work on our___14___ ? One authority ___15___  spiders made a ___16___  of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2 250 000 in one acre; that is ___17___  like 6000 000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is ___18___  to make more than the ___19___  guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creature, not ___20___  with only three meals a day.

　　1. A. includeB. involveC. consistD. cover

　　2. A. thisB. that C. itD. them

　　3. A. withB. forC. ofD. on

　　4. A. devoteB. dedicateC. oweD. contribute

　　5. A. gottenB. putC. linkedD. associated

　　6. A. numberB. amountC. plentyD. proportion

　　7. A. ConsequentlyB. MoreoverC. ConverselyD. However

　　8. A. damageB. ruinC. goodD. harm

　　9. A. asB. whichC. becauseD. though

　　10. A. soB. eitherC. norD. none

　　11. A. likenessB. differenceC. similarityD. appearance

　　12. A. ifB. althoughC. forD. when

　　13. A. participatedB. joinedC. enclosedD. involved

　　14. A. honorB. sakeC. sideD. behalf

　　15. A. onB. inC. aboutD. with

　　16. A. censusB. consensusC. conscienceD. consciousness

　　17. A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything

　　18. A. likelyB. uselessC. impossibleD. probable

　　19. A. broadestB. widestC. bravestD. wildest

　　20. A. concernedB. identifiedC. patientD. content

   答案解析

　　1. 【答案】A. include

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.include(= bring in as a part of the whole) 包括，包含：1) The book includes two chapters on grammar. 2) The plan includes most of your suggestions. 3) Our delegation included two interpreters(我们的代表团里包括2位翻译)involve 虽然也有“包含”的意思，但其后所接的名词大多数是非实体性名词，所以involve 的确切含义是“(=have s a necessary consequence)必然包括某种结果，牵涉到”，例如：The war involved a great increase in the national debt.(战争必然使国家负债骤增。)根据上下文的意思来看，此处指“昆虫中有某些人类最大的天敌”，句中enemies是实体名词，故此体应选include. cover 也有“包括”之意，但主要是指“谈到，涉及到”，例如：1) The discussion covered a wide range of subjects. (这次讨论涉及到范围广阔的议题。) 2)His studies covered a wide field.(他的研究涉及到很大的领域) cover 作“包括，包含”解时一般不结具体的事物或动物名词。consist 后接of,意为“由…..组成”。可见，本题答案非A 莫属。

　　2. 【答案】C. it

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配.it 是形式宾语，其实际宾语是for us to live in the world.

　　3. 【答案】B. for

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. were it not for sth. 是虚拟条件句，意为“要不是….,要是没有….的话”。

　　4. 【答案】C. owe

　　【解析】本题测结构型词义搭配. owe…..to…把…..归功于….: He owed his success o luck more than to capacity. contribute to 有助于，促进，加剧：Cars contribute to air pollution. (汽车加剧了空气污染);devote sth. to 奉献，致力于;dedicate … to 奉献;均不符合题意。

　　5. 【答案】B. put

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.put together 加在一起。put together 在句中是过去分词短语作定语，修饰前面的all of them.

　　6. 【答案】A. number

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. insect 是可数名词。此处是指昆虫的“数目”，故应选number. An (或 the) amount of +不可数名词(单数)，故不能入选。plenty of +可数名词(复数)或不可数名词(单数)，意为“很多，大量的”，用于肯定句中，例如：1) There was plenty of work for girls of her age. 2) There are plenty of men out of work. (许多失业男子)proportion 比例。

　　7. 【答案】B. Moreover

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.moreover 意为“此外，而且”，正合题意。

　　8. 【答案】D. harm

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. do harm to …对某人有害，正合题意。do damage to sth. 对….造成损害，与题意不符。do good to sb./sth. 对…有好处，与题意相悖。do与ruin不搭配，通常说cause ruin, bring about ruin, lead to ruin等

　　9. 【答案】A. as

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配.as 引导非限定性定语从句，例如：As you know, China is a country with a large population. (正如你所知道的，中国是一个人口众多的国家)

　　10. 【答案】C. nor

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. not … as 翻译时否定要转移到as 上。

　　本句译文：蜘蛛不像许多人想的那样是昆虫，它们甚至与昆虫几乎无关。nor引导的是延续否定句，其中省略了主语与系动词。如果把主语与系动词补上，则应为：…nor are spiders even nearly related to them. not nearly 意为“全然不”，此句中的not的否定意义由nor来体现。此外，有些语法学家认为，此类句子中nor连接的是两个并列成分，例如：For ten days I did not see him nor telephone him.

　　so引导延续肯定句，例如：She was right, and so were you , at least to an extent. (她是对的，你至少在某种程度上也是对的。) 根据上下文意思，此句时表示延续否定，因此不能用，so。至于either,虽然也可以用在延续否定句中，但词序不对，例如：1) I can’t dance, either. 2) China will not be a superpower, not either or even in the future. (中国不做超级大国，现在不做，以后也不做。)

　　none pron.作代词：1) None of them spoke English except Tallit. 2)”How many fish did you catch?” ”None. ” 3) We none of us said anything. (作同位语) 4)She had none of her brother’s beauty.(她一点也不像他兄弟的美貌。)5) none but Johnson could have done such a thing.(只有约翰有可能作出这样的事来。) 6) The stranger was none other than my old friend. (这位陌生人不是别人，正是我的老朋友。)

　　none adv. 作副词：1) She spent two weeks in hospital but she is none the better for it. (她住院两个星期，但他并不因此而好一些。) 2) None the less it is one of the most powerful weapons the workers possess. (尽管如此，这仍然是工人手中最有力的武器之一。)3) I am afraid he is none too clever .(恐怕他不太聪明。) 根据题意，本题不能选none.但上述有关none的用法，例句考生务必倍加注意，因为none是常用词，所以它是重要的测试内容。例如：1984年试题I. 26. The man over there is ____our principal. A. no other but B. no other than C. no one than D. none other than (应选D. none other than)

　　11. 【答案】B. difference

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.根据上下文意思可以看出，此处是讲蜘蛛与昆虫的区别，故应选 B。difference.考生在做类似试题时，一定要注意上下文的连贯意思。

　　12. 【答案】C. for

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.此句中for引导表示附加说明的原因分句。按传统语法分类，for在此引导的分句是并列句而不是从句。按惯用发，在for前必须有逗号。

　　13. 【答案】D. involved

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配.participate(in)参与;join(in)参加;但本句谓语是被动语态，故上述两词均不能入选。be involved in 参与，参加;如填入句中不但在此以上，而且在结构上均符合题意，故答案非D莫属。

　　14. 【答案】D. behalf

　　【解析】本题测试词惯用搭配.on one’s behalf or on behalf(=for; in the interest(s)of; on account of) 代表，为了….的缘故：1) I am writing on behalf of my mother to express her thanks for your gift. 2) I felt guilty on you behalf. (我为你感到内疚。) in honor of or in one’s honor 为了(纪念或表示敬意而举行某活动)：We gave the dinner party in his honor (我们为他举办晚餐会。) for the sake of 为了…..起见。on one’s good/bad side(搞好/坏关系)：John thought that he would get a good grade if he got on the good side of the teacher.(约翰想，如他和老师搞好关系，他会得到高分。) 此外，on the side 额外的，作为兼职的：He makes a little money on the side by doing house-keeping work for Mrs. Johnson. (他替约翰太太做家务额外挣一点钱。)

　　15. 【答案】A. on

　　【解析】on 表示“关于(某一问题);对，就(某一点)”，例如：We had many quarrels on politics and religion. 2) You are an authority on clothes. 3) He is absorbed in his work on bacteria. in 表示“在…方面”，例如：a specialist in history 历史学方面的专家。

　　16. 【答案】A. census

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.本题测试考生辨析形似异意词的能力。census 调查;consensus 一致看法。(意见等)一致;conscience 良心;consciousness 意识，觉悟，自觉。

　　17. 【答案】B. something

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.something like(=approximately)大约。

　　18. 【答案】C. impossible

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.按上下文逻辑意思来看，应选impossible,句中more than 修饰the widest,说明其程度，如：I’ m more than content with what you have just said (我对你刚才所说的极其满意。)

　　19. 【答案】D. wildest

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. wild 在此处的含义是“不精确的，大致的，(没有证据的)大胆的”。本句译文：不可能做出极其大胆的猜测：蜘蛛杀灭多少害虫，但是蜘蛛是胃口极大的动物。它们肯定不会满足一天只吃三顿。

　　20. 【答案】D. content

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.从逻辑意思和语义上分析，content正合题意。上面谈到“蜘蛛是食量很大的动物”，可见“蜘蛛是不会满足于一天三顿的”。be content with 满足于：My father had to be content with this small success.

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

26楼发表于: 2016-08-03

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Smoking may be a pleasure for some people.___1___ ,it is a serious source of ___2___ for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their ___3___ about the effect of smoking ___4___ the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . ___5___ ,nonsmokers who must ___6___ inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may ___7___ more than the smokers themselves.

　　As you are ___8___ informed, a considerable number of students have___9___in a effort to ___10___ the university to ___11___ smoking in the classroom. I believe they are ___12___ right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is ___13___ to achieve this by calling ___14___ the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other ___15___ than by regulation.

　　Smoking is ___16___ by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. ___17___ , it is up to you good ___18___ .

　　I am therefore asking you to ___19___ “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being ___20___ ,which is very important to a large number of our students.

　　1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore

　　2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief

　　3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern

　　4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on

　　5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all

　　6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly

　　7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain

　　8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right

　　9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved

　　10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest

　　11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent

　　12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly

　　13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible

　　14. A. outB. forC. onD. up

　　15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other

　　16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared

　　17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere

　　18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility

　　19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere

　　20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory

答案解析

　　1. 【答案】B. However

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. however 然而，正合题意。hence 因此;anyway(=in any case, at any rate) 无论如何;furthermore 而且，此外。根据逻辑意思应选 B. However。

　　2. 【答案】B. discomfort

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配. 从上文意思看，上句有pleasure 一词，however 表示语气转折，可见后面应选 discomfort, 形成对照。

　　3. 【答案】D. concern

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. express one’s concern about(or for, over)表达对….的关心，顾虑：1)He didn’t show much concern about (or for) it.

　　2) The Prime Minister expressed his concern over the strike that had lasted for two months or so.

　　consideration 考虑，思考：1) Your proposal is now under consideration. (你的建议正在考虑中。) 2) You should take these facts into consideration.

　　attention 注意：pay attention to, give attention to, devote attention to, draw attention to (吸引对…..的注意)，attract one’s attention(吸引某人的注意力)。

　　belief (in) 相信，信赖：I have great belief in his ability to succeed. 可见，consideration, attention 与 belief 均不切题。

　　4. 【答案】D. on

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. The effect of smoking on the health 吸烟对健康的影响。

　　5. 【答案】C. In fact

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.in fact 事实上，实际上。从上下文的意思来看，正合题意。in consequence 因此，on the other hand 另一方面，after all 毕竟，均不符合题意。

　　6. 【答案】D. reluctantly

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. reluctantly 勉强的;instinctively 本能的，天生的;spontaneously 自发地;instantly 立即。可见，reluctantly 正合题意。

　　7. 【答案】A. suffer

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. suffer vt./vi. 遭受，受到;正合题意。subject…to 使……受到…..：He was subjected to severe criticism.

　　submit vt. 1) 提交：We have submitted your request to the committee. 2) (与to 连用) vt./vi. 服从，听任：I refuse to submit (myself) to his control.

　　sustain vt. 1) 支撑: These two posts sustain the whole roof. 2) 经受，承受：She sustained a great loss in the death of her husband. 从上下文的逻辑意思和词义搭配来看，suffer 是正确的选择。

　　8. 【答案】C. doubtless

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. doubtless 是副词，意为“一定，肯定，无疑”，例如：1) It was doubtless his own fault. 2) John will doubtless come on time as he always dose.

　　certain, sure, right 均为形容词，从语法结构上就可以排除这些选项。

　　9. 【答案】B. joined

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. join 参加(某个组织)：He joined the army last year.

　　join in 参加(某种活动)：1) The girl, Mary, joined in the conversation. 2) May I join in the game? enter 1)进入：He entered the sitting-room. 2) 参加，到…..里面工作：I refused to enter the discussion. 可见本题用entered 不妥,因为它是及物动词。3) enter into 开始(谈话，讨论等) ：He entered into an explanation. 4)enter for 报名参加：I shall enter for the new competition. attend 在搭配关系与逻辑意思上均不符合本题题意。如用involve，则需用被动态, be involved in 参加。例如：Many workers were involved in the strikes in 1946.(许多工人参加了1946年的大罢工。) 2) He is involved in a lot of extra work.(他参加了许多额外的工作。) attend vt. 出席：He attended the meeting yesterday.

　　10. 【答案】B. persuade

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事。

　　reason vt. 通过讲道理是某人做某事，含有“说服”的意思，其搭配关系是：reason sb. into doing sth. 1) Let’s reason him into joining us. 2) I managed to reason him into complying with the traffic regulations. (我和他讲道理让他遵守交通规则。)

　　argue sb.into doing sth. 通过争论让某人做某事：They tried to argue him into joining them. suggest 后不能接sb. to do sth., 但可以接sb.’s doing sth., 例如：I suggested his staying instead of going there.

　　11. 【答案】C. ban

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. 虽然，ban, stop, object to, prevent 后均可以接动名词，但含义不同。ban 禁止：1) We will ban all smoking in our club. 2) Smoking is banned here in the train. stop 停止，阻止：The heavy rain has stopped them (or their) playing golf.

　　object to 反对：1) I strongly objected to being treated like a child.2) I object to your saying that. 3) She objected to us keeping animals.

　　prevent 防止，阻止：1) Of course, I can’t prevent your going. 2) A sever cold prevented him (from) attending the meeting. 3) We must preventing the rumor from spreading. 根据题意，只能选C. ban 才符合题意。

　　12. 【答案】A. entirely

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. entirely(= completely in degree)完全的：The goods were entirely unfit for sale. Entirely 常常修饰形容词，强调程度上“完全地”。generally 一般来说，从上下文逻辑关系来看，用generally不妥，因为说话者的态度是很明确，坚定的，故用entirely. likely 可能(发生)的;possibly 可能地，均不切题。

　　13. 【答案】D. possible

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配.It is likely to do sth., It is right to do sth. 和 It is probable to do sth.都是错误的，应该用下列句型：It is likely that …..和 It is probable that ….. 可见本题只能选possible.

　　14. 【答案】C. on

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事：The president called on his people to make sacrifice for the good of their country. call for sth. 需要;call sb. up 给某人打电话。

　　15. 【答案】A. rather

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.rather than 是选择连词，意为：而不是。

　　16. 【答案】A. prohibited

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. prohibited sth. or sb. from doing sth.禁止或阻止某人做某事。prohibit 的其他搭配关系有：1) Many firms prohibit smoking in their shops. 2) Picking flowers in the park is prohibited. 3) His small size prohibited his becoming a policeman. 此句中的prohibit 意为“阻止”。4) Passengers are prohibited from smoking in the waiting-room. (禁止旅客在候车室里吸烟。)

　　17. 【答案】D. Elsewhere

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. elsewhere(=in, at, to some other place) 在别处，到别处。

　　18. 【答案】C. sense

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.sense 意识，观念;此句中意为“修养”。

　　本句译文：在其他地方，就要看你的修养了。

　　19. 【答案】B. maintain

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. maintain 保持，主张;正合题意。persist in 坚持：Don’t persist in doing what you shouldn’t.

　　stick to 坚持，坚持干，遵循：1) I stick to what I said yesterday. 2) He will stick to his task until it is finished. 3) Flying is simple if you stick to the rule.

　　adhere to 坚持，奉行：adhere to the reform and opening-up policy.

　　20. 【答案】A. in mind

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. have sb./sth. in mind 心中想着某人或某事： I don’t know who he has in mind for the job. (我不知道他心中想把这项工作交给谁干)

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

27楼发表于: 2016-08-04

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast ___l___ places on earth. But they also ___2___ beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a ___3___ . The word Geography ___4___ from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, ___5___ means “ to write”. The English word geography means “to describe the earth”. ___6___ geography books ___7___on a small area like a town or city. Other deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an___8___ continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another ___9___ to divide the study of ___l0___ is to distinguish between physical geography and ___1l___ geography. The former focus on the natural world; the___l2___ starts with human beings and studies___l3___ human being and their environment act___l4___ each other. ___l5___ when geography is considered as a single subject, ___l6___ branch can neglect the other.

　　A geographer might be described ___l7___ one who observes, records, and explains the ___l8___ between places. If places were alike, there would be little need for geographer.

　　We know, ___l9___ ,that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, ___20___ ,is a point of view, a special way of looking at places.

　　1. A. similarB. distantC. variousD. famous

　　2. A. passB. go C. reachD. get

　　3. A. wholeB. untilC. part D. total

　　4. A. fallsB. resultsC. removesD. comes

　　5. A. whatB. which C. that D. it

　　6. A. SomeB. MostC. ManyD. Few

　　7. A. relyB. restC. reckonD. focus

　　8. A. extensiveB. overallC. entire D. enormous

　　9. A. wayB. meansC. habitD. technique

　　10. A. world B. earthC. geographyD. globe

　　11. A. mental B. militaryC. economicD. cultural

　　12. A. second B. nextC. laterD. latter

　　13. A. when B. whatC. whereD. how

　　14. A. upon B. asC. forD. to

　　15. A. And B. ButC. ThereforeD. For

　　16. A. neither B. oneC. either D. each

　　17. A. for B. asC. toD. by

　　18. A. exceptions B. samenessC. differenceD. divisions

　　19. A. moreover B. meanwhileC. howeverD. or else

　　20. A. still B. then C. neverthelessD. moreover

答案解析

　　1. 【答案】 C. various

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. various 各种各样的，不同的。句子的意思是“地理学家比较和对比地球上各种不同的地域”。可见，similar, famous, distant 均不符合题意

　　2. 【答案】B. go

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配.go beyond(= exceed) 超越，超过。

　　3. 【答案】A. whole

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配. as a whole 作为整体，常跟在名词后面，如：We must examine these problems as a whole.

　　本句译为：但是地理学家不但研究各个领域，而且也把地球作为整体来考虑。

　　4. 【答案】D. comes

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. come from 来自，来源于，正合题意。fall from 从…….落下;result from 由…… 产生，因……而造成：1)Sickness often results from eating too much. 2) Nothing has result from my efforts.

　　remove…from… 把……从…...去掉;撤职：1)It is difficult to remove the stain from the clothes. 2) They removed him from his position. 3) The corrupt official was removed from office. 由此可见 falls, results 与removes 均不符合题意。

　　5. 【答案】B. which

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. which 引导非限定性定语从句，修饰graphein.

　　6. 【答案】A. Some

　　注释：本题测试逻辑搭配.做cloze 试题的时，考生必须从语篇的角度去选择适当的词语，是文章在逻辑意思和结构上完整统一。本题与下句联系密切，下句中有Others,故本题应选Some,从而构成句型：Some…. Others…...。

　　7. 【答案】D. focus.

　　【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. 所列的四个候选动词后都可以接介词on，但词义不同。rely on 依靠。rest on 着落：Science rests on facts. (科学以事实为依据。)

　　reckon on 指望，依靠：We hope that we can reckon on your support.

　　focus on 集中讨论研究：These meetings focus on the strategies for the future. (这些会议集中研究未来战略。) focus 也可用作及物动词，意为“把…..集中在…..上”，例如：The students can focus their attention on the meaning of each sentence.可见，本题应选 D. focus

　　8. 【答案】C. entire

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配.上下文的意思是：有些地理书主要研究城镇这样的小地区，而另一些地理书则研究州，区域，国家或整个大洲。可见，这里谈话的中心是地理书研究的地区的大小和范围，故应选，C. entire。extensive 广大的，广阔的; overall 全面的，总和的; enormous 巨大的，庞大的均不切题。

　　9. 【答案】A. way

　　10. 【答案】C. geography

　　【解析】本题测试词义与逻辑搭配. exercise 3 的9 和10在同一句子中，句意是：还有一种划分地理学研究范围的方法是把地理学分为自然地理学和人文地理学。从句意上看，第9句应选 way。means 手段，工具，方法(=sth. that helps a person to get what he or she wants),例如：You may use every means you can think of. (你可以使用你想到的各种方法) habit (个人的)习惯;technique 技能，技巧。第10句从上下文逻辑意思上看，只能选 C. geography.

　　11. 【答案】D. cultural

　　【解析】本题测试词义搭配.从上题译文可见解题思路。

　　12. 【答案】D. latter

　　【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.注意句型：the former….., the latter(前者….，后者….)

　　13. 【答案】D. how

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配.

　　本句译文：前者研究自然界，而后者从人类开始，研究人类和其周围环境是如何相互影响的。

　　14. 【答案】A. upon

　　【解析】本题测试结构搭配. act on(= have an effect on) 对…..有影响，对….起作用：This acid acts on metals. (这种酸对金属起作用。)

　　15. 【答案】B. But

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. 从上下文逻辑来看，此句表示语气转折，故应选 B. But。

　　16. 【答案】A. neither

　　注释：本题测试逻辑搭配.上面谈到地理学包括自然地理和人文地理。本句指出，当把地理学看作一门学科时，那么其中任何一门分科都不能忽视另外一门分科。可见，此题应选 neither.

　　17. 【答案】B. as

　　【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. be described as 被说成是：He was described as a doctor.

　　18. 【答案】C. differences

　　【解析】本题测试词义型逻辑搭配.从逻辑意思上看，这里谈的是地域之间的差别，故应选 C. differences. exception 例外， sameness相同点，division 划分，均与上下文文意相悖。

　　19. 【答案】C. however

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. however 表示语气转折。

　　20. 【答案】B. then

　　【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. then 此处意为“这样说来”，如：How, then, do you account for his absence? (这样说来你如何解释他的缺席呢?) still 仍然;nevertheless 然而，不过;moreover 此外，均不符合题意。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

28楼发表于: 2016-08-04

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our common-law system.

　　Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.

　　Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.

　　The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.

　　1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather

　　2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority

　　3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock

　　4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated

　　5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing

　　6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over

　　7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as

　　8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart

　　9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While

　　10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations

　　11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake

　　12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities

　　13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private

　　14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying

　　15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned

　　16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed

　　17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned

　　18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides

　　19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective

　　20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units

　　答案

　　1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A

　　11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B

　　总体分析

　　本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。第一段指出，陪审团是美国共同法系统的基本组成部分。第二段分析了使用陪审团的原因。第三和四段分别介绍了陪审团的类型和选举程序。

　　全文翻译

　　美国的建国之父们作为大英帝国的前殖民者沿袭了其法律系统。我们有“共同法”，即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法机关这样的中央政府权利机关制定的法律。陪审团由一群选来裁决案件的普通公民组成，是我们共同法系统基本的组成部分。

　　使用陪审团裁决案件是美国法律系统的一个显著特征。在世界上很少有其他国家和美国一样使用陪审团。几个世纪以来，许多人已经相信在大多数情况下陪审团比许多国家那样单独使用一位法官达成的结果更公平、公正。因为陪审团裁决案件是在一群人“审议”或讨论后，因此他们的决定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影响，这些人必须作为一个团体来决定什么是正确的。

　　陪审团既被用在裁决普通公民之间纠纷的民事案件中，也用在裁决政府提出讼诉声称个人犯罪的刑事案件中。陪审团成员从美国公民中选出并被传唤。由固定人数组成的陪审团在每一个需要陪审团的案件中都会被召唤。

　　被指派负责案件的法官监督陪审团成员的选举。在一些州，未来的陪审团成员由法官询问，而在另一些州，他们遵照州法律规定的法规接受代表各方当事人的律师的询问。

回复引用

举报顶端

nanafly

级别: 总版主

显示用户信息

29楼发表于: 2016-08-04

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

The mass media is a big part of our culture，yet it can also be a helper，adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(an)__1__for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way，it__2__ a variety of functions in human life.

　　The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the__3__ of leisure：there is less time for games，amusement and rest.__4__ by what is happening on the screen，children not only imitate what they see but directly__5__ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the__6__ of violence in the media and its__7__harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period，new media __8__，such as video games，cable television，music videos，and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity，these media，__9__television，__10__public concern and research attention.

　　Another large societal concern on our young generation__11__by the media，is body image.__12__forces can influence body image positively or negatively.__13__one，societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing__14__our concepts of beauty. In the mass media，the images of__15__beauty fill magazines and newspapers，__16__from our televisions and entertain us__17__the movies. Even in advertising，the mass media__18__on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain. Young adults are presented with a__19__defined standard of attractiveness，a(n)__20__that carries unrealistic physical expectations.

　　1. [A] alternative [B] preference [C] substitute [D] representative

　　2. [A] accomplishes[B] fulfills [C] provides [D] suffices

　　3. [A] risk [B] mercy [C] height [D] expense

　　4. [A] Absorbed [B] Attracted [C] Aroused [D] Addicted

　　5. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] unify [D] equate

　　6. [A] abundance [B] incidence [C] prevalence [D] reccurrence

　　7. [A] disposed [B] hidden [C] implicit [D] potential

　　8. [A] merged [B] emerged [C] immerged [D] submerged

　　9. [A] apart from [B] much as [C] but for [D] along with

　　10. [A] promote [B] propel [C] prompt [D] prosper

　　11. [A] inspired [B] imposed [C] delivered [D] contributed

　　12. [A] External [B] Exterior [C] Explicit [D] Exposed

　　13. [A] As [B] At [C] For [D] In

　　14. [A] mark [B] effect [C] impact [D] shock

　　15. [A] generalized [B] regularized [C] standardized[D] categorized

　　16. [A] boom [B] bottom [C] brim [D] beam

　　17. [A] over [B] with [C] on [D] at

　　18. [A] play [B] take [C] profit [D] resort

　　19. [A] barely [B] carefully [C] narrowly [D] subjectively

　　20. [A] ideal [B] image [C] stereotype [D] criterion

　　答案

　　1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9.D 10. C

　　11. B 12.A 13. C 14. C 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. A 19.C 20.A

　　总体分析

　　本文主要论述了大众媒介对青少年产生的影响。第一段指出，大众媒介可以替代社会机构和社会交往在年轻人的生活中起着各种各样的作用。第二段指出，由于青少年模仿他们在电视中看到的乃至将其与现实相混淆，人们一直担忧媒介对他们可能产生危害。第三段媒介对美的狭隘界定对青少年的不良影响。

　　全文翻译

　　大众媒体是我们文化的重要组成部分，但是它也可以成为年轻一代的助手、建议者和教师。大众媒介作为许多机构和社会交往的替代品影响着年轻人的生活。通过这种方式，它在人们生活中起到了各种各样的作用。

　　在电视屏幕前耗费的时间常常是以休闲为代价的，即有更少的时间用于游戏、娱乐和休息。由于被电视屏幕上的东西吸引，孩子们不仅模仿他们看到的，而且还直接将自己视为电视中的各种不同的人物。美国人对媒体中暴力的普及及其对孩子和青少年的潜在危害的担忧至少已经有四十年了。在这段时期里，新的媒体，如：电视游戏、有线电视、音乐录像带以及网络出现了。由于这些媒体继续受到欢迎，它们连同电视一起引起了公众的担忧和研究的注意。

　　媒体使年轻一代受到社会另一大关注的方面是身体形象问题。外部力量能对身体形象产生正面和负面的影响。举例来说，社会文化标准和大众媒介的营销冲击着我们关于美的观念。在大众媒介中，标准美女的形象充斥着报刊杂志，从电视中播放出来，在电影中娱乐着我们。甚至大众媒介还在广告中利用公认的瘦和健康的文化价值来赢得商业利润。青少年被给予的是狭隘界定的吸引力的标准，它是一种包含着对外形的不切实际的期望的完美标准。

回复引用

举报顶端

http://freekaobo.com
访问内容超出本站范围，不能确定是否安全
继续访问	取消访问

快速回复
	限 100 字节进入高级模式加粗字体颜色背景颜色插入链接图片验证问题: 免费考博论坛网址是什么? 正确答案:freekaobo.com 按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交	上一个下一个