Introduction
GF"hx `zyJ It is difficult to identify errors in your own written work, but if you can leave 3 or 4 minutes at the end of the test to perform a careful rereading of each task, you will almost certainly be able to find and correct some.
>1.X*gi?- Common errors
Giid~e33 Here are some common errors found in Hong Kong university students' written work. Watch out for them when you are proof reading.
N+9VYH"* Run-on Sentences and Sentence Fragments
s,"]aew Check each sentence to make sure it has a subject and a verb and that it expresses a complete concept.
l?E{YQq] Do not run two sentences together incorrectly. Use punctuation (full stops, colons or semicolons) or linking words to separate them or clarify meaning.
MS
nG3]{z Punctuation
5 ) A1\ Use capital letters at the start of sentences and for names of persons, cities, countries, languages, streets, and titles.
^3G{|JB!+ End every sentence with a full stop or question mark.
|O{m2Fi Use punctuation (commas, colons, semi-colons) within individual sentences to separate phrases and for easier understanding.
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Place exact quotes in quotation marks. Full stops and commas go inside the quotation marks.
o5u3Fjz3 Use apostrophes correctly to indicate possession.
<]6SN This website gives more information on the general use of punctuation.
FDv<\2+ c http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/index.html#Punctuation. GiJ *Wp Subject-Verb Agreement
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?1^ Check every subject and verb to make sure that if you have used a singular subject, you have also used a singular verb. Similarly, a plural subject needs a plural verb. Pay extra care to add an 's' to present simple tense verbs in the 3rd person singular.
v>6 "j1Z e.g. The IELTS exam tests our level of English.
^dI42 4 Sentence Length
;/bewivNJ Keep sentences reasonably short. General guidelines for academic writing recommend a maximum of 25 words per sentence.
bc7/V#W Break long sentences into shorter units.
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#&K\ If too short, perhaps you could link them using a conjunction or other transitional device, but do not overdo this (e.g. by starting nearly every sentence with a linking word.)
.nO\kg oK Cohesion (sentences)
M5i%jZ k Ensure that each sentence follows clearly and logically from the one before it. Note that it is not necessary to keep all sentences the same length; sentences of different lengths in each paragraph makes for a more interesting writing style.
mJ<=n?{Z Cohesion (paragraphs)
a f6M,{F Each paragraph should contain a topic sentence which states the main idea, fact or opinion.
T*I{W
W Paragraphs should be around 4 -5 sentences long. Task one will probably contain 2-3 paragraphs, task two, 4 - 5. Try to use the last sentence to connect in some way with the paragraph after, or the first sentence to link with the paragraph before. Limit paragraph length to a maximum of 100 words.
se ba9 y Verb Tenses
?) /#+[xa Use the correct tense to express what you want to say and try to keep tenses consistent.
O8f ?; ] These websites give more information on verb tense usage.
u :}%xD6 http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/verbs.htm#tense s'3
s^Dd http://elc.polyu.edu.hk/CILL/exercises/choosing-verbs.htm "H2EL}3/] http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/esl/esltensverb.html !d'GE`w T Spelling
1&\0:vA^Y Before the test, when you practise writing tasks, check the spelling of any word you are unsure about. Be especially careful of the "ei" and "ie" words, words which add "-ing" and/or "ed," and words with one or more sets of double letters.
