考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 _gP-$&JC
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开头万能公式: dK?vg@|'
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 h8tKYm
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! POc-`]6<F
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 0p'=Vel{}
经典句型: A{b?ZT~2]
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) S,TK;g
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 'Ijjk`d&c
(适用于自编名言) <xQHb^:
更多经典句型: QC*>
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As everyone knows, No one can deny that… cA{zyq26
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 N!&$fhY)
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 _e3kO6X
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: 5>'1[e45
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college 3<nd;@:-
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. U`fxe`nVa
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: lIj2w;$v
Honesty %2)'dtPD~
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 `kdP)lI
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Travel by Bike 7Bhi72&6
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 )0I;+9:D=
Youth 71?>~PnbH}
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Q!<b"8V]
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? p Rn vd|
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 "=uphBZog
更多句型: a0oM KGW:
A recent statistics shows that … > T,^n
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结尾万能公式: )r#^{{6[v
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1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Vb
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说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: R&BbXSIDX
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good 4|*H0}HOm
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. ]R8}cbtU
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! NX^%a1D!
更多过渡短语: S"iz
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to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 'G!w0y
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更多句型: YY(,H!
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… k{3:$,
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2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 \
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如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! `gIlS^Q
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve ]urrAIK
the problem. GVT+c@Gx
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? %,-oxeM1u
更多句型: $2=-Q/lM
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. <!#6c :(Q
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be rAK}rNxI
taken. B1]dub9
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 t =ErJ
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: d^"<Tz!
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is DGMvYNKTj
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to ;Ub;AqY
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite {O-,JCq/
similar. EGYYSoBLU
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! |tC`rzo
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 @G0k+
主 题 句原则 HE911 lc:
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! f!;4-.p`
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! dALJlRo"
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully %zx=rn(K
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, Fw!CssW
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 deR2l(0%yr
一 二 三原则 :*V1jp+
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… *i#m5f}
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 o:u *E
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) eIjn~2^
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) Zf~Em'g"3
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) eC:?j`H-
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 6T>e~<^
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) |) {)w`
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) {]1+01vI-
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) eyK=F:GO
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
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8)most important of all, moreover, finally Op^r }7
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 2Uf]qQ1
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) I_s4Pf[l
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 ]Z?$ 5Ks
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: _JZS;8WYR
I cannot bear it. S<"T:Y&
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. N<V,5
I want it. Ym~*5|
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. _&s37A&\
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 S'"(zc3=
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, L=zt\L
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital H2oAek(
之类的形象词。再比如: o'S&YD
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room |/B2Bm
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room FL-yt
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room ~$7fU
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room %G!BbXlz
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room m}Z=m8
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 NIn#
1)加法(串联) *3_@#Uu7
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, kqJ\kd
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: kI5`[\
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 6BT o%
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: k!Y7Rc{"
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. `4V_I%lJ&
其它的短语可以用: pUV3n
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besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 3LKL,z
2)转折(拐弯抹角) -z"=d<@
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 ]=T`8)_r)
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. 8P8@i+[]W
The coat was thin, but it was warm. gc|?$aE
更多的短语: |y+<|fb,a
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, -X#Zn>#
despite, notwithstanding L[4Su;D
3)因果(so, so, so) X.)caF^j
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! Qs(WyP#
The snow began to fall, so we went home. "5 \<.
更多短语: iY
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then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a ~@8r-[
result, for this reason, so that JWHKa=-H
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) I"/p^@IX
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 wBr$3:
举例:This is what I can do. i|zs
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. QH:PClW![
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: 1k&**!S]%
When to go, Why he goes away… m:EO}ws=
5)附加(多此一举) 6$#p}nE
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 wvH=4TT=w"
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 0
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I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. JO\F-xO
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. q/I':a[1
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom ,Jqi J?,4C
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 ~N{ 7
6)排比(排山倒海句) &j4 1<A
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! M'Ec:p=X"
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated v;=F $3
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. 1Yj ^N"=
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such ~zEBJgeyh
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean 4~;x(e@S
tides. x'Uv;mGo
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 2<18j
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) )?@X{AN&
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 !3]}3jZ.
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! $+#Lq.3,
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:
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The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb 9NX/OctFa'
the Western Hills. <+0TN]?
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about sA(
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three times that of China. R?,O h*
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! D;~c`G
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文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 9d4Agj
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! ^
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In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted '"#W!p
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as XeGtge/}T
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. Sb9O#$89
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will )FF3|dZ";K
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the 1 uKWvp0\
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. az5 $.
更多句型: (5-4`:1ux
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, X`REhvT
for example二、做比较 OPYl#3I
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; @zz4,,]
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through rKK{*%n
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: y@\R$`0J
相似的比较: 0N" VOEvG
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner QX1rnVzg0
相反的比较: L?WF[nFR
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, n
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nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, 9KqN .
…三、换言之 9|;"+jlt
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 Py&DnG'H
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! dKKh ^D`~
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. "ggViIOw&
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love X =sC8E dx
with you. ,3m]jp'
或者上面我们举过的例子:
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I cannot bear it. R a> k
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. ucVWvXCr
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with ?u*gKI
it or I am fed up with it. & o2F4
更多短语: FuA8vTV{
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more {*X8!P7C
simply