转贴:考博英语写作模板 e
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 .&2p Z
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? /_~b~3
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经典句型: |u8hxa
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) #u+BjuZo
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) X'N4a
更多经典句型: -k\
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As everyone knows, No one can deny that… ,-u | l
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2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 2L.UEAt
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: 6 .DJRY
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college j}8IT
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. EVmQ"PKL'
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: ]!H*oP8a*
Honesty #V-qS/ q"
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 wbI(o4rXE
Travel by Bike 9\TvX!)h
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 !$h%$se
Youth Cq1t[a
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 S}e*~^1J
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? @FkNT~OZ
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 Y'/` ?CK
更多句型: $Z
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A recent statistics shows that … M@!Gk
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结尾万能公式: z1!ya#,$
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 doc5;?6
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: $qQ6u!
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good G+[>or}
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. DJ}xD&G
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! ;~~Oc
更多过渡短语: 9][Mw[k>
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus s>~&:GUwR
更多句型: 4)Pt]#Ti
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… ]CC~Eo-%-
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2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 cIM5;"gLP
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! Qg6m
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve {zF
the problem. ixKQh};5/
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? fI$,?>
更多句型: bjT0Fi0-
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. &OzJ^G\o
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be _l8oB)
taken. aO<d`DTyJ
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: 9h0|^ttF
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is ;F0A\5I
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to / TJ
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satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite ^9{ 2
similar. QM _~w\
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! &Y#9~$V=
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 主 题 句原则 D3HB`{
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! G:&Q)_
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! <s{/ka3
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully !EW]:u
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, <_Lo3WGwc
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 cM"I3
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三、一 二 三原则 V\xQM;
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… #,9|Hr%
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 w##Fpv<m
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) i'u;"ot=
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) V , "'k<y
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) BA5= D>T-
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, ";xEuX
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) Jzj~uz
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) %2+]3h>g
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) pJ
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) !(~>-;A8
8)most important of all, moreover, finally +Oscy-;
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) %qHT!aP
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) Y>%NuL|s
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! .s?OKy
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四、 短语优先原则 ._3NqE;
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: ^&.?kJM
I cannot bear it. lN'/Z&62
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. a*hThr+$M
I want it. {Jc!T:vJ
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. m5pVt4
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 pYG,5+g
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五、 多实少虚原则 A&F4;>dms
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如: ;Y^RF?un
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 0 l@P]_qq`
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room @45 H8|:k
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room Ak Tw?v'
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room oDUMoX%4s
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room !@{[I:5
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! 6W;k
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六、 多变句式原则 (N|xDl&;
1)加法(串联) 8
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: QV$dKjMS
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 7RE
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如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: tq[",&K
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. (B,t
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其它的短语可以用: ]wpYxos
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover $Wzv$4;
2)转折(拐弯抹角) AdOAh y2H
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 s4`*0_n
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. EJaaW&>[
The coat was thin, but it was warm. k`mrRs
更多的短语: @-@rG>y^:
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, Rn(F#tI
despite, notwithstanding zGd*Q5l
3)因果(so, so, so) mRnzP[7-\)
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! IA 9v1:>
The snow began to fall, so we went home. `pAp[]SfQd
更多短语: `(Q_ 65y
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a @1-GPmj-
result, for this reason, so that qMdtJ(gq
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) zV(tvt
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 <\9Ijuq}k
举例:This is what I can do. RQ)!KlY
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. C`~4q<W'
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: -anFt+f-
When to go, Why he goes away… OG?j6qhpl
5)附加(多此一举) b}?@syy8
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 NZ+?Ydr8k
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. `\4JwiPo
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 2*FWIHyf
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. mA] 84zO
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom oB{}-[G
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 id#k!*$7
6)排比(排山倒海句) vrm{Ql&
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 6aF'^6+a
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated x+*L5$;h
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. gcW{]0%L^
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such ;/)Mcx] n
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean RqN_vk\
tides. il>x!)?o
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, spSN6.j
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) O2'bNR
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七) 挑战极限原则 A"bSNHCKF
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! LE0J ;|1
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: z"s%#/#
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb 9HJ'p:{)
the Western Hills. Oj4u!SY\j
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about R!_8jD:$
three times that of China. G1?0Q_RN
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! N)vk0IM!
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! * Y%<b86U
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted f- k|w%R@
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as Uaus>Frx.T
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 4[LLnF--
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will Z92iil;t
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the S/n
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seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. PkPDVv
更多句型: m?D
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To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, t
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for example二、做比较 (xZr ]v ]U
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; eu#,WwlG
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through G(U 9rJ9
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: Ds%9cp*6
相似的比较: X+=-f^)&
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner -PNi^
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相反的比较: NH7`5mF$
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, Z[",$Lt
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,三、换言之 (GCG/8s
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! OFc\fW#
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. sX+`w
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I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love z{ptm7
with you. ev9;Ld
或者上面我们举过的例子: Pm4e8b
I cannot bear it. Vy__b=ti?
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. {fZb@7?GF
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with Yc^%zxub
it or I am fed up with it. 3gAR4
更多短语: pz{'1\_+9
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more 8".2)W4*
simply OTj,O77k