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楼主发表于: 2010-09-23

中科院考博英语 2003真题

    [pre]中国科学院真题2003年[/pre]
(总分105, 考试时间90分钟)
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary
Directions: Choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.
[pre]1.
The prisoner ______ that he had assaulted a policeman.[/pre]
  [pre]A refused[/pre]
[pre]B denied[/pre]
[pre]C rejected[/pre]
[pre]D declined[/pre]

[pre]2.
Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be ______ controlled and modified.[/pre]
  [pre]A deliberately[/pre]
[pre]B consequently[/pre]
[pre]C originally[/pre]
[pre]D absolutely[/pre]

[pre]3.
"Do you like your boss?" …No, he is too ______.[/pre]
  [pre]A in demand[/pre]
[pre]B demanded[/pre]
[pre]C on demand[/pre]
[pre]D demanding[/pre]

[pre]4.
If somebody is ______, he is given a medal or other honor as an official reward for what he has done.[/pre]
  [pre]A confirmed[/pre]
[pre]B decorated[/pre]
[pre]C appreciated[/pre]
[pre]D nominated[/pre]

[pre]5.
The ______ now seems to stand as the primary barrier to a new era of strong economic growth.[/pre]
  [pre]A defect[/pre]
[pre]B descent[/pre]
[pre]C deficit[/pre]
[pre]D defeat[/pre]

[pre]6.
We argued that the sickness or crisis of capitalism was not at heart a technical matter, but a lack of legitimacy with ______ to the system itself.[/pre]
  [pre]A respect[/pre]
[pre]B concern[/pre]
[pre]C accordance[/pre]
[pre]D pertinence[/pre]

[pre]7.
When there are not enough volunteers for the armed forces, the government ______ additional men.[/pre]
  [pre]A revises[/pre]
[pre]B encourages[/pre]
[pre]C suspends[/pre]
[pre]D conscripts[/pre]

[pre]8.
I've worked with him now over the course of four years, I know him ______.[/pre]
  [pre]A here and there[/pre]
[pre]B back and forth[/pre]
[pre]C backwards and forwards[/pre]
[pre]D now and then[/pre]

[pre]9.
A scientific law is liable at any time to need modifying. This happens when a fact is discovered which seems to ______ what the law would lead one to expect.[/pre]
  [pre]A prove[/pre]
[pre]B support[/pre]
[pre]C contradict[/pre]
[pre]D discourage[/pre]

[pre]10.
I said that I could not commit myself as my academic time was not yet finished, but I would like to be at their ______ later.[/pre]
  [pre]A disposal[/pre]
[pre]B guidance[/pre]
[pre]C assistance[/pre]
[pre]D supervision[/pre]

[pre]11.
Yesterday you were acclaimed; today you are ______. Isn't life full of ups and downs?[/pre]
  [pre]A lauded[/pre]
[pre]B censured[/pre]
[pre]C savored[/pre]
[pre]D appraised[/pre]

[pre]12.
The kitchen was small and ______ so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty.[/pre]
  [pre]A complete[/pre]
[pre]B complex[/pre]
[pre]C composite[/pre]
[pre]D compact[/pre]

[pre]13.
Nobody at work is very happy, because last week's sales figures were pretty ______.[/pre]
  [pre]A destroying[/pre]
[pre]B depressing[/pre]
[pre]C deceasing[/pre]
[pre]D declining[/pre]

[pre]14.
In the morning Bernard was pale and his hand trembled too much even to lift his coffee cup, ______ butter his toast.[/pre]
  [pre]A as well as[/pre]
[pre]B rather than[/pre]
[pre]C or else[/pre]
[pre]D let alone[/pre]

[pre]15.
Why not try to follow their carefree example and ______ your worries and woes?[/pre]
  [pre]A take away[/pre]
[pre]B leave out[/pre]
[pre]C shrug off[/pre]
[pre]D break through[/pre]

[pre]16.
The amending treaty on European Union can become law only if there is ______ agreement to this effect.[/pre]
  [pre]A overall[/pre]
[pre]B unified[/pre]
[pre]C overwhelming[/pre]
[pre]D unanimous[/pre]

[pre]17.
The trouble is that various worldly pressures will make you more, not less, inclined to play it ______.[/pre]
  [pre]A safe[/pre]
[pre]B safely[/pre]
[pre]C to safety[/pre]
[pre]D in safety[/pre]

[pre]18.
Children who are described as mildly mentally handicapped are often upset to hear themselves described as such, and such terms as "children with learning difficulties" are now ______.[/pre]
  [pre]A at large[/pre]
[pre]B by use[/pre]
[pre]C in vogue[/pre]
[pre]D for change[/pre]

[pre]19.
There are three bodies of writing that ______ on this question and we will consider each in turn.[/pre]
  [pre]A bear[/pre]
[pre]B live[/pre]
[pre]C count[/pre]
[pre]D rely[/pre]

[pre]20.
The suggested causes of a given phenomenon cannot always be independently observed, and so it is hard to ______ the possibility of there being explanations alternative to the one proposed.[/pre]
  [pre]A account for[/pre]
[pre]B rule out[/pre]
[pre]C guard against[/pre]
[pre]D do with[/pre]

Part Ⅱ Cloze Test

Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Acid rain leads to fish mortality. Many species of fish cannot survive in aquatic environments where the pH is below 5.0. If the water is too acid, the gill systems of many kinds of fish can be damaged. (21) , the acid alters the blood chemistry of all fish. As a result, the fish population in an acidic environment decreases (22) becomes extinct.
Approximately 20 percent of the lakes in Scandinavia are without fish. Moreover, in Nova Scotia the (23) salmon industry may be threatened by the decrease of salmon in rivers and streams. The impact is also (24) in the waters of Ontario and Quebec, where fish populations are (25) the decline.
What potential remedies exist for the acid rain (26) ? The experts disagree. Some say new environmental laws should be (27) to control the emission of pollutants in the atmosphere. Some say that if we had known how serious acid rain was, we would have planned (28) to prevent it. (29) , all agree that if the consumption of fossil fuel were reduced, we would have less of a problem. Another (30) is that special scrubbers could be installed in smokestacks to remove a good (31) of the pollutants before they get into the atmosphere. Other ideas even include breeding more (32) fish. And research suggests that spreading lime into lakes may be effective in (33) acidity. In conclusion, it is clear that if we truly want to reduce the impact of acid rain, a (34) of remedies and international cooperation must be explored. It is a sad fact that acid rain probably could have been avoided if we (35) what we know now.

  [pre]21.
[/pre]
[pre]A Likewise[/pre]
[pre]B Besides[/pre]
[pre]C Thus[/pre]
[pre]D Otherwise[/pre]

  [pre]22.
[/pre]
[pre]A and[/pre]
[pre]B then[/pre]
[pre]C hence[/pre]
[pre]D or[/pre]

  [pre]23.
[/pre]
[pre]A entire[/pre]
[pre]B complete[/pre]
[pre]C total[/pre]
[pre]D all[/pre]

  [pre]24.
[/pre]
[pre]A imaginable[/pre]
[pre]B understandable[/pre]
[pre]C considerable[/pre]
[pre]D unaccountable[/pre]

  [pre]25.
[/pre]
[pre]A on[/pre]
[pre]B to[/pre]
[pre]C with[/pre]
[pre]D at[/pre]

  [pre]26.
[/pre]
[pre]A matter[/pre]
[pre]B issue[/pre]
[pre]C affair[/pre]
[pre]D question[/pre]

  [pre]27.
[/pre]
[pre]A announced[/pre]
[pre]B ordered[/pre]
[pre]C imposed[/pre]
[pre]D enacted[/pre]

  [pre]28.
[/pre]
[pre]A faster[/pre]
[pre]B more[/pre]
[pre]C better[/pre]
[pre]D harder[/pre]

  [pre]29.
[/pre]
[pre]A Furthermore[/pre]
[pre]B Conversely[/pre]
[pre]C Accordingly[/pre]
[pre]D Nevertheless[/pre]

  [pre]30.
[/pre]
[pre]A possibility[/pre]
[pre]B perspective[/pre]
[pre]C occurrence[/pre]
[pre]D opportunity[/pre]

  [pre]31.
[/pre]
[pre]A piece[/pre]
[pre]B portion[/pre]
[pre]C section[/pre]
[pre]D segment[/pre]

  [pre]32.
[/pre]
[pre]A tolerated[/pre]
[pre]B tolerant[/pre]
[pre]C tolerable[/pre]
[pre]D intolerant[/pre]

  [pre]33.
[/pre]
[pre]A descending[/pre]
[pre]B declining[/pre]
[pre]C reducing[/pre]
[pre]D relieving[/pre]

  [pre]34.
[/pre]
[pre]A combination[/pre]
[pre]B alliance[/pre]
[pre]C mixture[/pre]
[pre]D union[/pre]

  [pre]35.
[/pre]
[pre]A know[/pre]
[pre]B knew[/pre]
[pre]C had known[/pre]
[pre]D have known[/pre]

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Passage 1
States are considering major changes in prepaid college tuition programs - raising prices, restricting participation of canceling them - as they grapple with financial woes. Nationwide, families will likely have to pay more to participate, or accept that they might not cover tuition when children go to college.
Colorado has closed its prepaid plan to new investors and told existing ones that it may not cover future tuition increases. Wisconsin stopped selling its plan Dec. 20. Maryland and Illinois are among states hiking prices by 20% or more.
Prepaid plans let parents lock in tuition by paying for it now, protecting them against rising costs. But the hear market has hurt investment returns, leaving the plans unable to keep up with big increases in tuition. So far, Colorado is the only state that has told participants their investments may not cover tuition, and no plan has missed a payment.
Other states have said they will fulfill obligations, even if it requires a legislative bailout. Still, the financial problems have forced thousands to grapple with uncertainty - something prepaid plans were designed to avoid. More than 1 million families have an estimated $ 8 billion invested in the plans, says ＜ Saving for College. com ＞.
Some states, including Colorado, may replace the prepaid plan with a guaranteed investment contract, a CD-like investment that's backed by an insurance company. Investors get a minimum rate of return, but no guarantee that it will cover tuition.
Wisconsin's EdVest program is encouraging investment in a stable value fund, which is similar to a guaranteed investment contract, in its investment plan. Wisconsin's prepaid plan never guaranteed to cover tuition inflation. It also never got a lot of investors, possibly because it lacked that guarantee.
In Florida, a task force is considering limiting the state's prepaid program to low-income families. Ohio officials are also looking at limiting participation, but it's a measure they hope to avoid. "Program administrators are looking for alternatives," says Andrea Feirstein, a state-plan consultant.
Maryland recently boosted its prices by up to 30%; Illinois by up to 23%. The increases have made some prepaid plans uneconomical for parents of older children. In Ohio, the price of one year's tuition for a child over 12 months old is $ 8, 000, more than 40% above current tuition at Ohio State. SO it may not be a good deal for children starting college in three or four years because tuition may not jump that much that fast.

  [pre]36.
Prepaid college tuition is generally designed on the principle that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A it is easy to pay at the present time[/pre]
[pre]B it is economical in the long run[/pre]
[pre]C it saves pains to pass the entrance exam[/pre]
[pre]D it ensures the admission to the college[/pre]

  [pre]37.
Many states plan to modify their prepaid college tuition programs ______.[/pre]
[pre]A under the mounting financial pressures[/pre]
[pre]B because of deficient college facilities[/pre]
[pre]C to ease overcrowding problems in college[/pre]
[pre]D to limit the participation of low-income families[/pre]

  [pre]38.
The word "investors" (in boldface in Paragraph 2) most exactly refers to those who ______.[/pre]
[pre]A serve as the main source of finance to the state[/pre]
[pre]B invest money in developing local colleges[/pre]
[pre]C sponsor colleges and their educational programs[/pre]
[pre]D join the plan and pay the tuition in advance[/pre]

  [pre]39.
Colorado now has told participants in the prepaid tuition plan that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A they would not have to make any other payment later[/pre]
[pre]B they would not be guaranteed against further payment[/pre]
[pre]C the plan would cover further tuition increases[/pre]
[pre]D the plan would be replaced by a guaranteed investment contract[/pre]

  [pre]40.
The expression "a CD-like investment" (in boldface in Paragraph 5) most probably refers to an investment ______.[/pre]
[pre]A to support civil defense[/pre]
[pre]B put in producing compact disc[/pre]
[pre]C to promote show industry[/pre]
[pre]D like certificate deposit[/pre]

  [pre]41.
It can be inferred from the last paragraph that in Ohio ______.[/pre]
[pre]A prepaid plans require a participation at most 3 or 4 years before starting college[/pre]
[pre]B children may start college 3 or 4 years earlier than at a normal age if they prepay tuition[/pre]
[pre]C college tuition 3 or 4 years later may not be so high as today's price of prepaid tuition[/pre]
[pre]D the younger a child to join the plan, the greater loss he/she will suffer at the age for college[/pre]

Passage 2
Potentially offering a powerful new tool against terrorism, researchers have found a novel way to detect deception: in the liar's blushing face.
The technique, described in the journal, Nature, uses a thermal camera to detect sudden, involuntary shifts of blood flow in the face. The system performed as accurately as a traditional polygraph, the scientists report.
Yet the camera can provide answers instantly, and does not require a highly trained specialist to operate it or interpret its results. This makes it far better suited than the polygraph for a new, high-tech approach to security that is already raising the hackles of civil libertarians: the screening of large numbers of citizens, at airports and other sensitive areas, who have done nothing wrong.
"The next decade is going to see the development of truly accurate lie detectors," said Stephen M. Kosslyn, an expert on detecting lies and a professor of psychology at Harvard University.
The prototype, built by researchers at the Mayo Clinic and Honeywell Laboratories in Minnesota, is at least 2 years from being ready for general use. But other scientists said the discovery of previously unknown physiological changes in the face was itself an important step forward.
"This is potentially very important work, which may open a new window on the mind," said Kosslyn.
Pushed by technological advances, and with fresh interest, since Sept. 11, the discovery is part of a boom in the scientific study of deceit and its detection. Although the lie remains a mysterious phenomenon, researchers in recent years have found a number of new approaches that might replace the polygraph, from brain scans, to subtle changes in eye movement, to sparks of electrical activity that signal a person has seen a victim or a crime scene before.
The new finding, though, is remarkable for its simplicity. When a person tells a lie, the team found, there is a sudden rush of blood to the area around the eyes, according to the Mayo Clinic's Dr. James A. Levine. Although the change is not: ordinarily visible, the blood warms the skin, causing hands of color to appear through a camera sensitive to heat.
The team devised a computer program that can identify the telltale changes based on the camera images. In testing at the US Department of Defense Polygraph Institute, which trains federal polygraph examiners, the device performed better than polygraphs, with 85 percent accuracy compared with 70 percent for the polygraph.

  [pre]42.
Compared with a traditional polygraph a thermal camera ______.[/pre]
[pre]A can show accurate results[/pre]
[pre]B can easily be handled by anybody[/pre]
[pre]C is a high-tech approach to security[/pre]
[pre]D is used to fight against terrorism[/pre]

  [pre]43.
The phrase "raising the hackles of…" (in boldface in Paragraph 3) most probably means ______.[/pre]
[pre]A arousing someone's interest[/pre]
[pre]B giving someone high priority[/pre]
[pre]C drawing someone's attention[/pre]
[pre]D making someone feel very angry[/pre]

  [pre]44.
A thermal camera is expected to detect deception by ______.[/pre]
[pre]A showing the physiological changes in the liar's face[/pre]
[pre]B scanning the liar's brain and his/her whole body[/pre]
[pre]C catching the sudden movements of the liar's eyes[/pre]
[pre]D screening the sudden rush of the bar's blood pressure[/pre]

  [pre]45.
With respect to the advances in studying lie detection scientists think highest of ______.[/pre]
[pre]A simplifying the entire process of detection[/pre]
[pre]B the mechanic design of thermal cameras[/pre]
[pre]C substituting new approaches for polygraph[/pre]
[pre]D the discovery that one blushes while telling lies[/pre]

  [pre]46.
It can safely be inferred that Sept. 11 ______.[/pre]
[pre]A confirmed the failure of polygraph in detecting deception[/pre]
[pre]B made Americans begin to know about lie detection[/pre]
[pre]C gave a spur to the study of lie detection in the United States[/pre]
[pre]D triggered America's development of lie detectors[/pre]

  [pre]47.
According to the passage thermal cameras ______.[/pre]
[pre]A have yet to be put to general use[/pre]
[pre]B have proved successful since 2 years ago[/pre]
[pre]C have to undergo tests at least half a year[/pre]
[pre]D have been playing a dominant role in lie detection[/pre]

Passage 3
Of late, there have been several posts suggesting that America has no culture or that what culture it has is somehow inferior to that of other societies. Of course, it cannot be both. To suggest that America has, in some sense, an inferior culture is to grant that it has a culture.
America most definitely has culture and the culture of America is easily the most dominant of the world. Whether it is McDonald's in the heart of what was once the center of the Evil Empire, or Arnold Schwarzenagger storming across German theatres, or Disneyland sending the French snobs into hysteria, American culture dominates Europe as never before. And it is not just Europe. Enter any shopping center in Asia and the odds are that the music blasting over the sound system is American pop music. Madonna look-alikes speak Mandarin Chinese.
Often, American culture is derided by the so-called "intellectuals". (And by that, I do not mean the traditional definition of those who use their intellect to make a living as, in a increasingly service economy, there are few people today who would not fit into that category but, rather, people who fancy themselves as in some way gifted to impose their views upon the rest of us, to save us from ourselves.)
What is it about American culture that annoys the "intellectuals" so much? It is precisely that which differentiates it from other cultures, particularly the cultures of Europe ("intellectuals" tending to be europhiles). Whereas European culture (and, indeed, most pre-industrial cultures) sprang from their traditions of aristocracy and the subservience of society to the ruling class, American culture serves the middle-class, the vulgar, if you will. Whereas European culture is concerned with what is exclusive and aloof, American culture is concerned with what is common and accessible. You don't need classes in school in rock music appreciation or the finer aspects of eating pizza.
Some have suggested that America is doomed because it has no culture. But the contrary is more likely the case. In spite of the best efforts of the multi-cultural fascists, America has yet to fulfill its manifest destiny primarily because its culture is not only dominating and assimilating immigrants from every corner of the world, it is, indeed reaching out to every corner of the world and creating a world community, a community centered on the individual, every individual not just those gifted with expensive tastes.

  [pre]48.
From the beginning of the passage we can infer that the author ______.[/pre]
[pre]A believes that America has culture despite its inferiority to others[/pre]
[pre]B agrees that America has no culture, let alone an inferior culture[/pre]
[pre]C objects to both of the views about American culture[/pre]
[pre]D tries to show objectively the two views about American culture[/pre]

  [pre]49.
According to the passage, Disneyland in France ______.[/pre]
[pre]A has overridden the country's cartoon industry[/pre]
[pre]B has driven all its fans there mad[/pre]
[pre]C has encountered strong opposition[/pre]
[pre]D has enjoyed a nationwide acclaim[/pre]

  [pre]50.
It is implied in Paragraph 2 that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A Chinese girls are crazy about Madonna[/pre]
[pre]B McDonald's is regarded as evil in Russia[/pre]
[pre]C German films become more of Schwarzenagger's style[/pre]
[pre]D American pop music is confined to shops and stores in Asia[/pre]

  [pre]51.
In the author's eyes "intellectuals" are those who ______.[/pre]
[pre]A are gifted and thus categorized as such[/pre]
[pre]B claim themselves to be superior to others[/pre]
[pre]C are in small numbers compared with the rest[/pre]
[pre]D advance their careers to save humanity[/pre]

  [pre]52.
The last sentence "You don't need '"eating pizza" of Paragraph 4 implies ______.[/pre]
[pre]A rock music, eating pizza or the like is quite popular in the school curriculum[/pre]
[pre]B anything that concerns American pop culture is prohibited in school[/pre]
[pre]C schoolchildren are all equal in enjoying rock music and eating pizza[/pre]
[pre]D American culture is never taught to but intuitively assimilated by people[/pre]

  [pre]53.
Which of the following would the author most probably agree to as to describing American culture?[/pre]
[pre]A It is full of vitalit[/pre]
[pre]B It is non-intellectua[/pre]
[pre]C It enhances vulgarit[/pre]
[pre]D It scorns wealt[/pre]

Passage 4
Most critical plot points in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone came from J.K. Rowling's imagination, but Flamel and his powerful pebble were legendary long before Harry went to Hogwarts. The 14th century alchemist created the philosopher's stone (called "sorcerer's" in U.S. editions of Potter), with which he turned mercury to gold and gained eternal life. But Flamel's tale - like his stone and his science - was no more real than a magic.
The philosopher's stone was the key to alchemy, the medieval predecessor to chemistry that aimed to cure all illnesses, make the elixir of life, and transmute base metals into gold. The last made perfect sense at the time. The Aristotelian theory of elements stated that all things consisted of fire, air, water, and earth. So a little shift in one metal's composition could create gold.
Hamel was renowned as an alchemical success. In 1382, after 25 years of studying an ancient book by "Abraham the Jew," he is said to have produced the philosopher's stone. His texts, notably a deconstruction of the "Abraham" work, were standard reading for aspiring scientists like Isaac Newtori.
Many alchemists believed Flamel faked his 1418 death and that of his wife. Rumored sightings in the 18th century placed them at the Paris Opera. As late as 1816, there were reports of people searching Flamel's former house for secrets of the stone.
Contemporary historians say a Nicolas Flamel did live in Paris in the 1300s and endowed many churches and hospitals with his wealth. But he was no alchemist. "He got his money in pedestr/an ways - his wife's earlier marriages, real-estate speculation," says Lawrence Principe, author of The Aspiring Adept. Anachronisms, style of language, and the lack of earlier copies indicate that none of "his" writings originated prior to the 1500s.
"This sort of thing happens in alchemy," says Bill Newman, author of alchemical history Gehennical Fire. When an alchemist couldn't back up his ideas, he might publish them in the guise of a "lost" work. Flamel's wealth made a good candidate for alchemical identity theft.
Flamel writings and sightings faded with alchemy's prestige. And the closest anyone's come to the philosopher's stone is Rowling. In her hands, it has yielded not just gold but eternal (shelf) life as well.

  [pre]54.
According to the passage, that Flamel gained eternal life with the aid of his powerful pebble ______.[/pre]
[pre]A came from   Rowing's imagination[/pre]
[pre]B was legendary long before Rowling wrote the book[/pre]
[pre]C turned out to be a magic in Potter[/pre]
[pre]D was believed by many alchemists[/pre]

  [pre]55.
The passage shows that alchemy in the medieval time ______.[/pre]
[pre]A established modern chemistry[/pre]
[pre]B cured all the diseases[/pre]
[pre]C turned base metals to gold[/pre]
[pre]D was taken as somewhat justifiable[/pre]

  [pre]56.
It can be inferred that Flamel was believed ______.[/pre]
[pre]A to have spend 25 years with "Abraham the Jew"[/pre]
[pre]B to be the creator of the philosopher's stone[/pre]
[pre]C to be the founder of alchemy[/pre]
[pre]D to have east light on Newtonian mechanics[/pre]

  [pre]57.
The word "pedestrian" (in boldface in Paragraph 5 ) is closest in meaning to ______.[/pre]
[pre]A secret[/pre]
[pre]B illegal[/pre]
[pre]C ordinary[/pre]
[pre]D dishonest[/pre]

  [pre]58.
The last sentence of Paragraph 6, "Flamel's wealth.., identity theft." implies that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A Flamel's wealth and his fame was exploited to promote alchemy[/pre]
[pre]B Flamel made his fortune by deceiving all people including his wife[/pre]
[pre]C Flamel pretended to be an alchemist and earned his living by that[/pre]
[pre]D Flamel's success in alchemy had much to do with his wealth[/pre]

  [pre]59.
The passage is mainly to ______.[/pre]
[pre]A reveal that everything in Potter was imagined by Rowling[/pre]
[pre]B tell the truth about Flamel behind the tales in Potter[/pre]
[pre]C point out the inability of alchemists to defend themselves[/pre]
[pre]D address that alchemy had an impact on modern science[/pre]

Passage 5
Some politicians are scurrying about with much zest and anticipation. It's time, their polls inform them, to find the quick fix for what they have determined is a society plagued by the irregular heartbeat of deficient values.
But there are contradictions that intrude on this denunciatory atmosphere. If there are moral omissions in the society, they cannot be sealed by instant, slenderly based attacks on entertainment. The plain fact is we are rearranging our priorities in the wrong way.
We are today misplacing our energies and our funding by directing all sorts of incentives to high schools and colleges. Too late. The moral scaffolding has been built by then, for better or worse. How then to begin this revision of life conduct? We must introduce in pre-school, and keep alive through grade five, a new school course.
The course could be titled, "What is right, and what is plainly wrong." For 30 minutes each day, the teacher would illuminate for these very young children what William Faulkner labeled "the old verities," the words that construct and implement the daily moral grind in which every durable society must engage if it is to be judged a "just" society.
These are words like duty, honor, service, integrity, pity, pride, compassion and sacrifice, plus the clear admonition that violence is wrong. To the teaching of the meaning of those words must be added that cleansing rule of treating other people as you would want them to treat you. And most of all to make sure that these kids understand with growing clarity that home, school and church are the sanctuaries for their later life.
There is a grand simplicity to this kind of school course. It enters a child's mind early, burrowing deep into those recesses of the human brain that even today advanced medical science has not been able to penetrate.
If you ask 'enough people, you will find that most of us remember our first- or second-grade teacher. I remember Miss Corbett and Miss Walker, who read to us before we really understood, but the words had weight and allure. We listened and, without really knowing it, we learned and saved what we learned. Perhaps it was because what we heard in those early school years was the first entry into our learning vessel.
Absent this kind of early instruction, absent the building of this moral shield, no congressional law, no presidential executive order, no fiery rhetoric will salvage a child's conduct nor locate a missing moral core.

  [pre]60.
According to the author, some politicians attribute the society's deteriorated moral values to ______.[/pre]
[pre]A deficient values[/pre]
[pre]B denunciatory atmosphere[/pre]
[pre]C improper entertainment[/pre]
[pre]D wrong priorities[/pre]

  [pre]61.
With respect to the rectification of the situation the author believes that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A it's easy to carry moral education at and above high school level[/pre]
[pre]B high school students don't need any further moral education[/pre]
[pre]C no return is to be gained on the investment in moral education[/pre]
[pre]D moral education in primary school or still earlier should be much emphasized[/pre]

  [pre]62.
"The old verities" labeled by William Fanlkner must refer to ______.[/pre]
[pre]A the past ways for ruling a society[/pre]
[pre]B the society's established virtues[/pre]
[pre]C the out-of-date moral conducts[/pre]
[pre]D the previous legal systems[/pre]

  [pre]63.
The author insists that children be made aware that home, school and church ______.[/pre]
[pre]A can protect them against moral fall[/pre]
[pre]B can give comfort whenever they are in trouble[/pre]
[pre]C are of great help for their career success[/pre]
[pre]D are free from child abuse[/pre]

  [pre]64.
By mentioning one's first- or second-grade teacher, the author intends to convey an idea that ______.[/pre]
[pre]A for young children training in listening is more valued than that in reading[/pre]
[pre]B teachers at elementary level of schools are the best teachers[/pre]
[pre]C one's early education influences him/her all his/her life[/pre]
[pre]D one's early school years are the best time in his/her memory[/pre]

  [pre]65.
Which of the following can best summarize the author's argument?[/pre]
[pre]A Home, school and church are responsible for educatio[/pre]
[pre]B Pohtical problems cannot be solved only through poll[/pre]
[pre]C Caution should be taken in making educational policie[/pre]
[pre]D Young children need moral instruction in schoo[/pre]

Part Ⅳ Translation

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Write your pieces of Chinese version in the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
It is astonishing how little is known about the working of the mind. But however little or much is known, it is fairly clear that the model of the logic-machine is not only wrong but mischievous. There are people who profess to believe that man can live by logic alone. If only they say, men developed their reason, looked at all situations and dilemmas logically, and proceeded to devise rational solutions, all human problems would be solved. Be reasonable. Think logically. Act rationally. This line of thought is very persuasive, not to say seductive. 1) It is astonishing, however, how frequently the people most fanatically devoted to logic and reason, to a cold review of the "facts" and a calculated construction of the truth, turn out not only to be terribly emotional in argumentation, but obstinate before any "truth" is "proved" -- deeply committed to emotional positions that prove rock-resistible to the most massive accumulation of unsympathetic facts and proofs.
2) If man's mind cannot be turned into a logic-machine, neither can it function properly as a great emotional sponge, to be squeezed at will. All of us have known people who gush as a general response to life - who gush in seeing a sunset, who gush in reading a book, who gush in meeting a friend. They may seem to live by emotion alone, but their constant gushing is a disguise for absence of genuine feeling, a torrent rushing to fill a vacuum. It is not uncommon to find beneath the gush a cold, analytic mind that is astonishing in its meticulousness and ruthless in its calculation.
Somewhere between machine and sponge lies the reality of the mind - a blend of reason and emotion, of actuality and imagination, of fact and feeling. 3) The entanglement is so complete, the mixture so thoroughly mixed, that it is probably impossible to achieve pure reason or pure emotion, at least for any sustained period of time.
4) It is probably best to assume that all our reasoning is fused with our emotional commitments and beliefs, all our thoughts colored by feelings that lie deep within our psyches. Moreover, it is probably best to assume that this stream of emotion is not a poison, not even a taint, but is a positive life-source, a stream of psychic energy that animates and vitalizes our entire thought process. 5) The roots of reason are embedded in feelings - feelings that have formed and accumulated and developed over a lifetime of personality-shaping. These feelings are not for occasional using but are inescapable. To know what we think, we must know how we feel. It is feeling that shapes belief and forms opinion. It is feeling that directs the strategy of argument. It is our feelings, then, with which we must come to honorable terms.

  1.

  2.

3.

4.

5.

Part Ⅴ Writing
Directions: Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your Answer Sheet Ⅱ.
[pre]1.
My Idea of Professional Ethics for a Scientist[/pre]

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关键词: 考博英语考博英语中科院真题

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roygenius2010

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沙发发表于: 2010-12-22

只看该作者 ┊ 小中大

好东西。。。

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hero

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板凳发表于: 2011-10-12

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这个好

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zhang1100407

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地板发表于: 2012-08-18

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很不错！

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米兰的舍小瓦

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地下室发表于: 2012-08-24

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感谢楼主啊！

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中科院 考博英语 2003真题

中科院考博英语 2003真题