2015年山东大学考博英语部分试题
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A recentpoll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe thatcommunication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of theprime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a(an)__3__ in point，one parent believedthat her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that she took herto an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested bothears and reported back to the parent：“There‘s nothing wrong with her hearing. She’s just__6__you out.” dj[apuiF
A leading cause of the __7__divorcerate(more than half of all marriages end in divorce)is the failure of husbandsand wives to __8__effectively. They don‘t listen to each other. Neitherperson__9__to the actual message sent by the other. :Px\ qh}K
In __10__fashion，political scientistsreport that a growing number of people believe that their elected and__11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are supposedly__13__. Why?Because they don‘t believe that they listento them. In fact，it seems that sometimes ourpoliticians don’t even listen to themselves. Thefollowing is a true story：At a national__14__conferenceheld in Albuquerque some years ago，then Senator JosephMontoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before hegot up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he rose to speak，__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience，Montoya began reading the press release，nothis speech. He began，“For immediate release. Senator JosephM. Montoya，Democrat of New Mexico，last night told the National……”Montoya readthe entire six-page release，__19__ with the statementthat he“was repeatedly __20__by applause.” c;I, O
1.[A] scarce [B] little [C] rare [D] poor tllBCuAe
2.[A] malignant [B] deficient [C] ineffective[D] feeble Y5!b)vke
3.[A] case [B] example [C] lesson [D] suggestion g>7Y~_}
4.[A] audio [B] aural [C] hearing [D] listening L$Z(+ 6m5
5.[A] believing [B] convinced [C] assured [D]doubtless _b4fS'[
6.[A] turning [B] tuning [C] tucking [D] tugging C@HD(..#
7.[A] rising [B] arising [C] raising [D]arousing qGPb
8.[A] exchange [B] interchange [C] encounter [D]interact "t&{yBQ0u
9.[A] relates [B] refers [C] responds [D]resorts 5y _"
10.[A] like [B] alike [C] likely [D] likewise /'>; JF
11.[A] nominated [B] selected [C] appointed [D]supported G\Q9IcJ0dY
12.[A] connection [B] reach [C] association [D]touch O
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13.[A] leading [B] representing [C]delegating[D] supporting nY) .|\|i
14.[A] legislative [B] legitimate [C] legalized[D] liberal >4![& &
15.[A] distributed [B] awarded [C] handed [D]submitted n'64;J5
16.[A] present [B] publish [C] deliver [D] pursue n2;9geq+
17.[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on 5Fu K \y
18.[A] joy [B] enjoyment [C] amusement [D]delight qZ G-Lh
19.[A] conclude [B] to conclude [C] concluding[D] concluded zw: /!MS
20.[A] disrupted [B] interfered [C] interrupted[D] stopped %9c|%#3 阅读理解 hBCR] ='
] 第一篇 &R\XUxI I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book WritingWithout Teachers introduced me to one distinction(区别)andone practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinctionis between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employboth to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter howmuch we might like to think so. *
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Tryingto criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier towriting that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th gradeEnglish teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simplyshare it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You mustlearn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the toolfor thinking that it is. \!X?zR_
Thepractice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit asyou write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing,the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get thewords flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadowsand let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen. Ry%YM ,K3
Now youhave raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind thatyou’vepersuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believethat this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staringblankly at the pages as the deadline draws near. \FI ^ Vk
Insteadof staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfwaythrough your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into somethingcloser to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time andthe final result will most likely be far better than your current practices. ti;%BS
1 When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work inparallel” in the writing process, he means .
A．onecannot use them at the same time B．they cannot beregarded as equally important
C．theyare in constant conflict with each other D．no one canbe both creative and critical
2 What prevents people fromwriting on is .
A．putting their ideas in raw form B．ignoringgrammatical soundness
C．attempting to edit as they write D．trying tocapture fleeting thoughts
3 What is the chiefobjective of the first stage of writing?
A．To organize one’s thoughts logically. B．To get one’s ideas down.
C．To choose an appropriate topic. D．To collectraw materials.
4 One common concern ofwriters about “freewriting” is that .
A．it overstresses the role of the creative mind B．it does not help them to think clearly
C．it may bring about too much criticism D．ittakes too much time to edit afterwards
5 In what way does thecritical mind help the writer in the writing process?
A．It allows him to sit on the side and observe. B．It helps him to come up with new ideas.
C．It saves the writing time available to him. D．It improves his writing into better shape.
