英语的连贯性是衡量作文优劣的一个重要标准。逻辑连接词作为一种最常被使用的重要衔接手段,可以用来表示篇章内词与词、句与句、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系,从而使篇章更加连贯。然而,书到用时方恨少,不少同学在考场上搜肠刮肚也找不出几个恰如其分的连接词。今天就来给大家说说这一课。 ]'>jw#|h
~0Zy$L/D
先来给大家看两个例子,这位考生朋友写的是2013年真题的作文。 u2I@ fH/
考生作文 1 "/taatcH
In an era of intense competition, we should spare no effort to face various challenges. It is hard for people to work and live for a long time with vigour. Nevertheless, many people have been suffering from depression, exhaustion, insomnia, headache, and so on. s~5rP:
这位考生写道:这是一个竞争激烈的时代,人们都是不遗余力地去迎接各种挑战,人们很难长时间地维持精力充沛的工作和生活状态。然而,很多人已经长期遭受抑郁、疲劳、失眠、头痛等痛苦。 R-4#y%k<
,d^H Ag^j
点 评 2q9$5
在这段话中,第一句话和第二句话是因果关系,而 nevertheless 是“然而”的意思,表转折,显然这个连接词用错了,应改成 consequently(因此),这段话就顺畅自然了。 &*Kk>
4
V9>$M=
.i#'IS0c
考生作文 2 7o7FW=^
The third state, a morbid condition between being ill and being sound, causing physiological disorder and no obvious physical malfunction, frequently perplexes individuals. Thus, various rewarding advice is given by medical experts . $L ]M3$\9
接下来,他继续写道:第三状态,即介于生病和健康两者之间的一种疾病状态,会导致生理失调和其他不易被察觉的疾病,常让人感到困扰。因此,医学专家们就此给出了很多有用的建议。 Y|KT3
{t]8#[lo
点 评 yi -0CHo
第一句话该考生解释了什么是“第三状态”,第二句话讲专家就此给出对策。这两句话之间并不存在因果关系,所以连接词 thus(意思是“因此”) 用得不妥。倒不如干脆用副词 fortunately 来得好,意为“第三状态让人困扰,幸好,医学专家们就此给出了很对有用的建议”。 8@F
gvWC
B_3N:K Y
9
读罢这两个例子,想必大家对于连接词的重要性已然可窥一斑了。下面,为大家总结了英文写作中最常用到的连接词,大家不妨对照一下自己的习作,看看自己的文章在逻辑连接词的使用上是否合理、得当。 6y{CM/DC
1. 表示列举和时序 _ZK*p+u%
first, second, third…finally _X{ GZJm
firstly, secondly, thirdly… finally h=kC3ot\
first of all, next then, lastly =&: |a$C
for one thing… for another… %T}*DC$&S
at the same time Juk'eH2^s
at first Ju"c!vu~
at last P_.AqEH
7H,)heA
2. 表示举例 ;
2gO(
for example 例如:…… Dh68=F0
namely 即…… pMf
?'l
for instance 例如:…… ahN8IV=+Gm
that is (to say) 也就是说 A^\g]rmK
such as 如…… rX?%{M,xFw
take…for example 拿……来说 q{xF7}i
*}>)E]O@
3. 表示比较或对比 YQR[0Y&e=
like 像 bUuQ"!>ppu
unlike 不像 |[
)pQGw
similarly 同样地 Z~;rp`P
in the same way 以相同的方式 E!=Iz5
compared to 与……相比 (543`dqAmC
while 而 onIZ&wrk
stil l= nevertheless 然而 Z4sS;k]}
on the contrary 正好相反 ?kF?
~\c
different from 与……不同 UsdMCJ&G
on (the) one hand… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面...... nL]eGC
in contrast with 与……成对比 {f;DhB-jj
?gMq:[XN
4. 表示增补 nx%eq,Pq
and 而且 1aPFpo
!
both…and 不但……而且 !Yz
CK*av1
not only…but also 不但……而且 \:2z!\iP`
as well as 不但……而且 4hkyq>c}
also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且 lWUQkS
in addition 并且 p!\GJ a",
apart from 除了……之外 i\x@s>@x}
what's more 而且、更重要的 ;/)$Cm &e
for another 另一方面 f6{.Uq%SGp
worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是 ~6+>2|wIS
including 包括 ]&tcocq
v<mSd2B*
5. 表示因果 u~~ ~@p
because 因为 d<w]>T5VW
since 既然 Q
/t_%vb
as 由于 ;s8\F]K
given 鉴于 SH O&:2
now that 既然 m[BpV.s
therefore 因此 t$?#@8Yk
thus 这样 { _Y'%Ggh
so 所以 /)<kG(Z
as a result (of) 结果 +{#Z^y6&
because of = on account of 因为 >:BgatyPH
thanks to 多亏 Y=y
0`?K
for this reason 由于这个原因 hf;S#.k
if so 如果这样 q d:"LS
if not 如果不是这样 <&bBE"U4
mP?}h
6. 表示目的 ;vn0b"Fi3
for this purpose 为了......(下同) uO1^nK
in order to do [w)KNl
so as to do -OnKvpeI
so that… H}(WL+7
in order that… 15%6;K?b
Pon0(:#1
7. 表示让步 *z0Rf;
though / although %Z8pPH~T
no matter + 疑问句 q;_?e_
in spite of 3Q2NiYg3
whatever / however / whoever Ak$9\Sl
even if / even though @gQ?cU 7
NG
ZtlNvh
8. 表示递进或强调 RN;#H_
q
besides 况且 x@:98P
what's more 更重要地...... `m$,8f%j6_
thus 这样 S&;)F|-q
above all 首先 :_+U[k(#
indeed 的确 -w'g0/fD
in fact / as a matter of fact 事实上 4#I=n~8a
in other words 换句话说 `V.tqZF
in that case 那样的话 ~bis!(}p-
or rather 更确切地说 [FBc&HN
particularly 特别地 7
Rc/<,X
8
-w|~y';
9. 表示转折 gLx?0eBBA
but 但是 w2^
s}NO
still 然而 D hk$e
however 然而 &?']EcU5h9
while 而 L$ jii
'8I=Tn
10. 表示总结 z_8Bl2tl
in a / one word 简言之;一句话;总之 psS^
generally speaking 一般说来 TQvjU!>
in short = in a few words 简言之 +RK/u
in conclusion = lastly 最后地 PC%_^BDW
on the whole = taking everything into consideration 从总体来看(把所有因素考虑在内) =Hj3o_g-
therefore 因此 2"o<>d
as has been mentioned 正如所提到的 sr~VvciIy
it is quite clear that 很显然 qzk]9`i1:
there is no doubt that 毫无疑问 dtXt
Z!g2
it is well-known that 大家都知道 h^J :k
as we all know = as is known h5^We"}+
to sum up = to summarize = in summary 总之 jank<Q&w