O ?x
rOhA9
• obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act $dF3@(p
• object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched N#2ldY *
• observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") vFB^h1k~.M
• occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force a6-.|tt#t
• ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water 1I{8 |
• of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among bMxK @$G~
• off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected Rq%Kw> {&
• offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking @0
/qP<E
• offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed ~7 U~
• office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed ^:]$m;v]
• officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force ,|B-Nq
• official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power RQb}t,
• often - ad. many times Pal=I)
• oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel ? e
p#s$i
• old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years VOLj#H
• on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.") !7
dct#4
• once - ad. one time only u}gavG l
• only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.") `}$o<CJ
• open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret 9MYk5q.X:
• operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons 6FQi=}O 1
• opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking L"NHr~
• oppose - v. to be against; to fight against +ti ?7|bK<
• opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.") R<Lf>p>_
• oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power odsFgh
• or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices w8UuwFG?<
• orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet LmePJ
• order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws g4$(%]
• organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system NEIkG>\7q
• other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.") *[3xc*5F/A
• our - ad. of or belonging to us b.&WW
• oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force 3KkfQ{
• out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in t>I.1AS
• over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world") &0Yg
:{k$
• overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force 8Ojqm#/f
• owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received 8AuBs;i
• own - v. to have or possess for oneself c+9L6}D
P U]iI8c
• pain - n. a hurt or suffering somewhere in the body 50W+!'
• paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface 6lSz/V;
• pan - n. a metal container used for cooking Xv8-<Ks
• paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing 6Dlm.~G
• parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground NXU:b"G
S
• parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary 1cLtTE
• pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment G%<}TI1}
• parent - n. a father or mother N{;
!xIv
• parliament - n. a government lawmaking group MzJCiX^
• part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something 6pt_cpbR
• party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment `Y#At3{
• pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go _FY&XL=
• passenger - n. a person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver Gk,Bx1y
• passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country GXtMX ha,
• past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former ~s!Q0G^G
• path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves M"~jNe|
• patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem >l
Qo _p(;
• pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought +$dJA
• peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet y_Y(Xx3
• people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people")
,N.8
• percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.") v= 55{
• perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes ?\}Gi(VVE
• perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others _pvB$&
• period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions rbw$=bX}
• permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time ~MC|
• permit - v. to let; to make possible ZZw`8 E
• person - n. a man, woman or child \Pg~j\;F]
• physical - ad. of the body {VgE07r
• physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy *]
6g-E?:@
• picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera 2"Os9 KD
• piece - n. a part of something larger z;c>Q\Q
• pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat =kjKK
• pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter (o^tmH*
• pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas Y[
G_OoU
• place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country ( ;FxKm<P@
• plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.") b/SBQ"B%
• planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") ~f/|bcep
• plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth {!"UBALxc
• plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things 3<0b_b
• play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater ]g_VPx"
• please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment P*|N)S)X%
• plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount X8Z?G,[H
• plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal ,+=9Rp`md
• poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions eV;r /4
• point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something i'>6Qo
• poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health =Tj{)=^/#
• police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency "F
F$Q#)
• policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business E$d#4x
• politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office LC%ococ
• pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water --yF%tRMP
• poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality HiCh:IP7>/
• popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public %I1@{>OxG
• population - n. all the people in a place, city or country r`H}f#.KR
• port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm DUp`zW;B
• position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization
8-Abg:)
• possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by (q)}`1d'
• possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen #'L<7t
K
• postpone - v. to delay action until a later time ZU4=&K
• pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow J_Lmy7~xbD
• power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.") mdi!Q1pS
• praise - v. to say good things about; to approve Q(|@&83].
• pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit mm/\\my
• pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby +! 1_Mt6
• present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.") i7x&[b
• president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization 0~|0D#klB
• press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications Q*DT" W/0
• pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else Z@~gN5@,M
• prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening ~i,d%a
• price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale Lg:1zC
• prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime ) CGQ}
• private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public `<XS5h
h=
• prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get xIdb9hm<
• probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible QiCia#_
• problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer qe]D4K8`Q3
• process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result eI8o#4nT
• produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture aDS:82GMQ
• profession - n. a job that requires special training *G"hjc$L
• professor - n. a teacher at a college or university 1k[_DQ=^l1
• profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity Gb')a/
• program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show O4rjGTRF
• progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal Xo PJ?63
• project - n. a planned effort to do something pY&6p~\p
• propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions SSe;&Jk2d
• property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods +17!v_4^
• propose - v. to present or offer for consideration :zW? O#aL-
• protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged {_7hX`p
• protest - v. to speak against; to object \kE0h\
• prove - v. to show to be true pH~\~
• provide - v. to give something needed or wanted z,Xj$wl
• public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private &A:&2sP8
• publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine T;u;r@R/
• publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine l;M,=ctB(
• pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push Z~:)hwF
• pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through CvIuH=,
• punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal +|C@B`h
• purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought VgPlIIHh5
• pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean ,e'r 0
• purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal |=5zI6pT
• push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull 6AIqoX*p
• put - v. to place; to set in position XT/t\\Z`U
Q S @[]znH
• quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") W@!qp
• question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed QRQ{Bq}#
• quick - ad. fast .1(_7!m@
• quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm @@ j\OR
R NG3?OAQTw
• race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color B9l~Y/3|
• radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen (~Z&U
• radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous ,RV>F_
• radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires (jKqwVs
.:
• raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something drpx"d[c
• railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment F]RPM(!5O)
• rain - n. water falling from the sky >QDyG8*
• raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase r'ilJ("
• rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often PE.UNo>o
• rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold *vQ 6LF;y
• reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to RZEq@q
• react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to N 75U.;U0
• read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers 5NkF_&S_1
• ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing q AVypP?J
• real - ad. true; truly existing; not false 6l,6k~Z9
• realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are 2V8"jc
• reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains ~M7X]
• reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise 3 85qQppz
• rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country N9ipw r'P
• receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent NXLb'mH~
• recent - ad. a short time ago eG+$~\%Fub
• recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs YS4"TOFw
• recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government *56j'FX
• record - v. to write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something u;%~P 9O
• recover - v. to get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.") ;7[DFlS\P
• red - ad. having the color like that of blood }2Ge??!
• reduce - v. to make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut 3]iw3M
• reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition V(XU^}b#
• refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war m
Urb
• refuse - v. to reject; to not accept, give or do something 0^L:`[W+
• regret - n. a feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens Tb^1#O
• reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe Gqq<-drR
• relation - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties A+Bq5mik
• release - v. to free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public |+~P; fG
• religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods +-x+c:
IxA
• remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same I+Y Z+
• remains - n. a dead body cEXd#TlY~X
• remember - v. to think about the past; opposite forget &]f8Xd
• remove - v. to take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office , iEGf-!k
• repair - n. work done to fix something dr8Q>(ZY
• repeat - v. to say or do again >!PM5%G
• report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed )MV `'i
• represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example Oo!]{[}7
• repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force D41.$t[
• request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for Dir# [j
• require - v. to need or demand as necessary gjJ:s,Fg
• rescue - v. to free from danger or evil EnMc9FN(y
• research - n. a careful study to discover correct information ?<OE|nb&
• resign - v. to leave a position, job or office rWL&-AZQl
• resist - v. to oppose; to fight to prevent 7 }t=Lx(
• resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting rXrIGgeM
• resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold hZ>1n&[@
• responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") kT^`j^Jr
• rest - v. to sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others Kk%
IN9
• restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group j;_E0j#
• restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger XU['lr&,W
• result - v. to happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect r"7 !J[u
• retire - v. to leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health 5M%)*.Y
3[
• return - v. to go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back Sfi1bsK
• revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government P$__c{1\
• rice - n. a food grain !4"$O@U4
• rich - ad. having much money or goods; having plenty of something V' sq'XB
• ride - v. to sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat yTWicW7i
• right - n. what a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left PTF|"^k+
• riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people bM,%+9oz;
• rise - v. to go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing [Z[ p@Ux
• risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury BS?rKtdm(
• river - n. a large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean g s%[Cv
• road - n. a long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other nI`9|W
• rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal (]"`>,ray
• rock - n. a hard piece of mineral matter FdxV#.BE
• rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon Gbb*p+(
• roll - v. to turn over and over; to move like a ball dsZ-|C
• room - n. a separate area within a building with its own walls ATD4%|a9h
• root - n. the part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil g|{Ru
• rope - n. a long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying 1VPxCB\
• rough - ad. not flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well cw;TIx_q
• round - ad. having the shape of a ball or circle |zp}u (N
• rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing d?[8VfAnh
• rubber - n. a substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals xQs._YY
• ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy 7!g4 `@!5M
• rule - v. to govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done )tx!BJiZ[
• run - v. to move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking 4='/]z
S j2%M-y4E
• sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") ^}Gu'!z9D
• sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person Wl{}>F`W[
• sad - ad. not happy o[k,{`M0
• safe - ad. away from harm or danger
`_.(qg
• sail - v. to travel by boat or ship q[~+Zm
• sailor - n. a person involved in sailing a boat or ship IoxdWQ4]A
• salt - n. a white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food (+.R8
• same - ad. not different; not changed; like another or others pLpWc~#
• sand - n. extremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts 3Ebkq[/*%
• satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth CQET
• satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded TE@bV9a
• save - v. to make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use ~=c[?:
• say - v. to speak; to express in words '8"$:y
• school - n. a place for education; a place where people go to learn Ehg(xK
• science - n. the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them R?J=5tO
• sea - n. a large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean X[$FjKZh=F
• search - v. to look for carefully 6cTd
SE
• season - n. one of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season") Q|nGY:98
• seat - n. a thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament") ),U>AiF]
• second - ad. the one that comes after the first j%Z%_{6Ds*
• secret - n. something known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few +Am\jsq
• security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") R}0!F2
• see - v. to know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know oz/Nx{bg
• seed - n. the part of a plant from which new plants grow 7Ezy-x2h
• seek - v. to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.") rL<a^/b/=
• seem - v. to appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.") bLyaJ%pa\/
• seize - v. to take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest gw v
s
• self X - n. all that which makes one person different from others vC%8-;8{H
• sell - v. to give something in exchange for money 'mE!,KeS;
• Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress Zf8_ko;|:-
• send - v. to cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place I@o42% w2
• sense - v. to come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel gSXidh}^
• sentence - v. to declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime ^U]B&+m
• separate - v. to set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different E@92hB4D"
• series - n. a number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order
@1O.;
• serious - ad. important; needing careful consideration; dangerous f|'8~C5I@>
• serve - v. to work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help ,p[9EW*8
• service - n. an organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony _Xzl=j9[
• set - v. to put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit pn-`QB:{h
• settle - v. to end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place ~SR9*<
• several - ad. three or more, but not many oVja$;>
• severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage [X\~J &kD
• sex - n. either the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young IO}53zn<l
• shake - v. to move or cause to move in short, quick movements D:vX/mf;7
• shape - v. to give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks [7@9wa1v!
• share - v. to give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company U@<]>.$
• sharp - ad. having a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain o-r00H|
• she - pro. the girl or woman who is being spoken about z"j]m_mH
• sheep - n. a farm animal used for its meat and hair #Zt(g( T
• shell - v. to fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover iFkXt<_A
• shelter - v. to protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety 6Dz N.fz
• shine - v. to aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright 0mi$_Ld+
• ship - v. to transport; n. a large boat 6Us*zKgW
• shock - v. to cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake vG'I|OWg
• shoe - n. a covering for the foot ~3,k8C"pRq
• shoot - v. to cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun
w
• short - ad. lasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall @z1pE@7jK
• should - v. used with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.") Dwuao`~Xm
• shout - v. to speak very loudly $,
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• show - v. to make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public 6&s"
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• shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value ?:+sjHzXT
• sick - ad. suffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health c01i!XS
• sickness - n. the condition of being in bad health bT
bF
• side - n. the outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body Zj5B}[,l\
• sign - v. to write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information R8C#DB
• signal - v. to send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message z6x`O-\
• silence - v. to make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound \_l4li
• silver - n. a valued white metal @e:=
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• similar - ad. like something else but not exactly the same j`:D BO&)\
• simple - ad. easy to understand or do; not difficult or complex `Y_G*b.Rm
• since - prep. from a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.") 7-A/2/G<
• sing - v. to make music sounds with the voice fOJTy0jX8
• single - ad. one only eI3ZV^_Ps
• sink - v. to go down into water or other liquid $L"h|>b\o
• sister - n. a female with the same father or mother as another person #6*20w_u
• sit - v. to rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated k keDt+^
• situation - n. the way things are during a period of time gAr
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• size - n. the space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is ToX--w4
• skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions o1Nfn'!3/>
• skill - n. the ability gained from training or experience }*?,&9/_)
• skin - n. the outer covering of humans and most animals
mnL+@mm
• sky - n. the space above the earth 5jAS1XG
• slave - n. a person owned or controlled by another $0XR<
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• sleep - v. to rest the body and mind with the eyes closed NOFuX9/'w
• slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface / }Pj^^6A<
• slow - v. to reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities &a.A8v)
• small - ad. little in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large (\UpJlW
• smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force X^Fc^U8
• smell - v. to sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking") 3?e~J"WXC5
• smoke - v. to use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning Vw]!Kb7tA
• smooth - ad. having a level surface; opposite rough x;{Hd;<YF
• snow - n. soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold }#h`1 uV
• so - ad. in such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.") gY!?JZC-0
• social - ad. of or about people or a group 72 ZoN<c
• soft - ad. not hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud Y_)xytJ$
• soil - n. earth in which plants grow SHT`
• soldier - n. a person in the army -
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• solid - ad. having a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas 0D Lw
• solve - v. to find an answer; to settle |A\o
• some - ad. of an amount or number or part not stated; not all !
(Q[[M
• son - n. a person's male child \FIM'EKzu!
• soon - ad. not long after the present time; quickly ZUkM8M$c
• sort - n. any group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something mLx=Zes:.
• sound - n. fast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard WLA&K]
• south - n. the direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun Dt!
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• space - n. the area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things Lt
^*L%x
• speak - v. to talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group udXzsY9Ng
• special - ad. of a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind \SoT^PW
• speech - n. a talk given to a group of people l(W?]{C[%
• speed - v. to make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done 1R
;@v3
• spend - v. to give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.") 5|cRHM#
• spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident AGm=0Om
• spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death sF>O=F-7
• split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts W*%(J$E
• sport - n. any game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill AOJ[/YpM
• spread - v. to become longer or wider; to make or become widely known ,Js-'vX
• spring - n. the time of the year between winter and summer Kv2S&P|jXM
• spy - v. to steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country SU1N*k#-o
• square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides @v#,SF {
• stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon )E}@h%d
• stand - v. to move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place 2W2T
• star - n. a mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer lXZ*Pb<j
• start - v. to begin; to make something begin 4$WR8
• starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food ;>L8&m)R5
• state - v. to say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation t0GJ$])
• station - n. a place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts .rITzwgB
• statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal wZN_YFwQ
• stay - v. to continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.") iPkCuLQ}
• steal - v. to take without permission or paying O@4 J=P=w
• steam - n. the gas that comes from hot water Wa7wV
9
• steel - n. iron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances
JXMH7
• step - v. to move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal IxS%V31
• stick - v. to attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood ma+AFCi
• still - ad. not moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.") d#]hqy
• stone - n. a small piece of rock gnjhy1o
• stop - v. to prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end vzFpXdt
• store - v. to keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things ;kY~-Om
• storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow G<Eb~].1'
• story - n. the telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined `CH,QT7e
• stove - n. a heating device used for cooking ]d-.Mw,'
• straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns Dsp$Nr%*
• strange - ad. unusual; not normal; not known -F[@)$
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• street - n. a road in a city, town or village o.Rv<a5.L
• stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider x(vQ%JC
• strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands \0d'y#Gp*
• strong - ad. having much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed
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• structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building 8\!E )M|4
• struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight xE
w\'tH
• study - v. to make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully L"%SU
• stupid - ad. not able to learn much; not intelligent 4$[o; t>
• subject - n. the person or thing being discussed, studied or written about r+8D|stS
• submarine - n. an underwater ship Y55u-9|N
• substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) 8ZVQM7O
• substitute - v. to put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another ]5c(:T F
• subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly SXZ9+<\
• succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result ]FZPgO'G
• such - ad. of this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to '2*OrY
• sudden - ad. not expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation B(++*#T!^m
• suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness <cp9+P <
• sugar - n. a sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants $vf gYl4q
• suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider #%\0][Xf
• summer - n. the warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn jRg
gj`o
• sun - n. the huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth =+Fb\HvX{
• supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others 3X`9&0:j%
• supply - v. to give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others G/<zd)
• support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve "mW'tm1+
• suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") igfQ,LWe!
• suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly &,k!,<IF
• sure - ad. very probable; with good reason to believe; true without question 78uImC*o
• surface - n. the outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.") .Q,"gsY
• surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") FnA Kfh(
• surprise - v. to cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected q>.7VN[
vE
• surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat Nrr})
g
• surround - v. to form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something M?eP1v:<+G
• survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation j8`
B
• suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty 9{jMO
• suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time (@+pz/
• swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth ?ZlXh51
• swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") SH{@yS[c!
• sweet - ad. tasting pleasant, like sugar Xfq`k/ W
• swim - v. to move through water by making motions with the arms and legs _-_iw&F
• sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness V#7,vas
• system - n. a method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal