图表及图表类型 pOD|
1、图表：chart, graph, diagram !`\W8JT+
2、各类图表： * 103
表格：table; YS,kjL/
柱形图：barchart 或column chart; &d`Umm]
饼形图：piechart; F/ 2@%,2n
线形图：linechart 或curve chart L@
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 N<hb V0$ %
1、“数字数据”相关 t*<vc]D
(1) the number of sth. EVN
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(2) data, statistics, figures {b^naE
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion < .$<d
(4) around, over, appropriately hiaj !&+Q
2、表达“上升” '15j$q
(1)常见词汇 JwB:NqB
increase → (名词形式increase ) On H>g"
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) &[
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grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) kR^7Z7+#*
go up 2P$l XGjh
注意以下短语数量上的区别： (&PamsV*8
increase by +数字上升到... #lltXqvD?
increase to +数字上升了... Z/q%%(fh 0
reach to +数字达到... 78+H|bH8
(2)其他词汇 Ms1G&NYP
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 Sx;zvc
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃，剧增 }Bc'(2A;,
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 @E O #Ms
(3) 地道表达 7b+OIZB
double, triple T 6QnCmB4
3、表达“下降” |r}%AN6+
(1) 常见词汇 oCy52Bm.!
decrease (名词形式decrease ) E|97zc
drop (名词形式drop) Zt lS*id_
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) "oz @w'rG
decline (名词形式decline ) enG6T
go down G8u8&|
(2)其他词汇 h4?+/jk 7
plunge: fall steeply 跳水，猛跌 ^ {6Y7T]
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 0
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sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉，沉没 {)b`fq
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 OzO_E8Kb\
4、表达“波动” d[~c-G 6
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) E*(Q'p9C
go up and down 4 T^M@+&|
rise and fall IC}zgvcW
5、表达“保持平稳” .z[+ sy_
remain stable (或 remain constant) *r-Bt1
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) an5Ss@<4AA
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) V ?_%Y<|L
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 @%#(H se
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable E32z(: 7M
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 ..~{cU4Tt
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady 8ZIv:nO$
▶常用短语：“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” M2s
1、v. + adv. %1 =W#jz
decline slowly c<H4 rB
grow dramatically \]9;c6(
fluctuate sharply >#q|Pjv]
2、 adj. + n. S;t ~"87v*
a slow decline 3R{-\ZMd
a dramatic growth y jSN;3t71
a sharp fluctuation yr=r? h}
a slight increase /C(L(X
a significant increase NNfCJ|
3、 on a +adj.+ n m i-\PD>X
例如：如上述柱形图所示，过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达： 5sE^M S1
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. h)<R#xw
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. S1+#qs {5a
