图表及图表类型 <,U$Y>
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram VtGZB3
2、各类图表: k[f_7lJ2
表格:table; k[@/N+;")`
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; eax"AmO
饼形图:piechart; Z.s0ddMs
线形图:linechart 或curve chart 8==_43
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 k<NxI\s8]
1、“数字数据”相关 lnF{5zc
(1) the number of sth. _c}# f\ +_
(2) data, statistics, figures FJT0lC
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion n8`WU3&
(4) around, over, appropriately <|w(Sn
2、表达“上升” c:
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(1)常见词汇 ^uPg71r:
increase → (名词形式increase ) Dt iM}=:
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) Vjd>j; H
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) Gi*_
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go up $ ?|;w,%I
注意以下短语数量上的区别: O%px
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increase by +数字上升到... *M$'dLn
increase to +数字上升了... 8Dn~U:F/?
reach to +数字达到... v2="j
(2)其他词汇 su3Wk,MLP
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升
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leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 M5L /3qLh1
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 <
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(3) 地道表达 Ds#BfP7a
double, triple 0Q)Y
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3、表达“下降” H6U5-
(1) 常见词汇 7:<A_OLi
decrease (名词形式decrease ) \1QY=}
drop (名词形式drop) :+ "H h%
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) 1+YqdDqQ
decline (名词形式decline ) syI|gANT/r
go down 8;#yXlf
(2)其他词汇 @7KG0<]h
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 ,i8%qm8
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 uL^`uI#I
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 |=MhI5gsx
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 -:OJX #j
4、表达“波动” G8!|Lo
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) &~2IFp
go up and down TwI'XMO;A
rise and fall q alrG2
5、表达“保持平稳” %%z
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remain stable (或 remain constant) m/ID3_
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) VqxK5
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) #<EYO
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 e`OQ6|.k8
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable y*6/VSRkt4
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 9%1J..c
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady D/GE-lq
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” >k/cm3
1、v. + adv. L"n)fe$
decline slowly Z*Gf`d:
grow dramatically ;BYuNQr
fluctuate sharply
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2、 adj. + n. v^vi *c
a slow decline ODhq
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a dramatic growth c+ByEP4EG
a sharp fluctuation Kf*Dy:e
a slight increase 6bLn8
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a significant increase C4P<GtR9
3、 on a +adj.+ n RHMXPsj
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: eZN"t~\rX
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. [.1MElM
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. FROC/'