医学博士英语写作总结 ^3B&E^R
L9G
xqw
一、原则与要求:不直译原文,抓主要论点,果断舍弃次要内容,突出新点,论点清晰,主要写中长句子!!2-5个长句!不写或少写短句!!一般真题范例在10-15句左右。 $aFCe}3b<
Qq. ht
二、现场写作技巧 }{(dG7G+
!Xzne_V<
①划线,划出实质性,实词性句子。②翻译标题,有标题就译,没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题,首尾呼应。 IJ`%Zh{f
I!L`W
_
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 yX'f"*
>)&]Ss5J
1.下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall;上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase; Id/-u[-yo
*QIlh"
"6
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; VT;
Vm
3\
M!9gOAQP
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; e;kH,fHUI3
_=wu>h&7
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; xxsa
x/h
DLWG0$#!
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system `}Of'i
O_M2Axm
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care,服务体系service system; Ju"*;/
{c;][>l
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene;个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene gtV^6(Y
_>G.
8.lite清淡的;protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食; VDyQv^=#
5-3.7CO$
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 DxFmsjX[L
8%@![$q<g
10.人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病, R7q\^Yzo
Tke3X\|
11.虫媒insect pollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease: S[2uez`
lhx"<kR4
12.肾病综合征:nephrotic/renal syndrome; rF3QmR?l
|8bqn^@$t
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热; &!xePKvO6k
R 2{ kS
14.爆发流行:break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion o*[n[\cR
VIXY?Ua
15.传染:infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable; + Z7 L&BI
wNk 0F7Ck
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; nOH x^(
y.xyr"-Q
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 Yq$KYB j
~yGD("X
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission THVF(M4v
\W,,@-
17.传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation TZl^M h[a
dHzQAqb8J
18.污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate \Nvu[
P
!Qqi%
19.福祉 well-being, happiness; ep$C
nBwE
@X|Mguq5
20.衰老grow old;aging;consenescence;senility;senile (}#8$ )
]52.nxs~
21.from bad to worse每况愈下;akin to=similar to 相似的;Purulent脓的,化脓的 ~l^Q~W-+
y^*o%2/
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension 1GaM!OC 9
o#^(mGj_.
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon;亚健康 sub-health `<"@&N^d
&2P+9j>
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork R [[
#r5q
x(tf0[g
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years P,eP>55'K
$M0F~x
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health NKSK+ll2
jO5,PTV
27.分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. f i
_'Ny>#
ROWI.|
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations; R ^ln-H;
)@Vz,f\}
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle; *6`};ASK
!1b4q/
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 9'5`0$,|^
V#P`FX
30.民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people;合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; QF74'
om1@;u8u
31.死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from eJvNUBDSH
z|k0${iu#
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. b)(rlX
!!\x]$v
There have been more deaths from drowning. 0^m`jD
(oxMBd+n1
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少? /)-OK7x
EW~M,+?
32.归结为 boil down to;come down to; !j8
DCVb
tZL {;@
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; zAkF:^
#Y
xCYK"v6\
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 WcOnv'l,
=H_vRd
33.大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive;大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak .dO8I/lhV
-FGM>~x
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; 6.'j\
6BdK)s
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; {bP
)Fo
n
L:_GpZ_
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon; ]k#iA9I
4G3u8)b=
复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate; [aF"5G
?P%-p
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 _O3X;U7rc
p~3 (nk<+
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances; =1+/`w
`V2
doV)
养老保险 endowment insurance; WYm
<_1
fl}!V4
退休养老金retirement pension; "DC L
Z
0t(2^*I?>
Health Care Reform医疗改革 tNG[|Bi#
2(2UAB"u
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity; x8o/m$[,=u
adWH';Q:
37.月经期menstrual period &>xz
V<ii
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace `O]$FpO
J-z<&9
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care b#(X+I
~wQ M
?h
40.安乐死euthanasia; nyL$z-I)
CI1K:K AM
41.得绝症的terminally ill; *RmD%[f
uhU'm@JZ
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care >VppM `
E(_lm&,4+
濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient *z^Au7,&
hd W7Qck "
43.Secondhand Smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. OkMAqS
n?QglN
7AF6aog
kP1cwmZ7F