医学博士英语写作总结 n x{ MUN7
B>g(i=E
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。
ps UT2
sLUOs]cj
二、现场写作技巧 (AZA Q xt
3S"
/l
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 o59 b#9
kpXxg: c
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 aYn5AP'PH
DL uaM?7
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; 5XV|*O;
~d\^ynQ
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety; mm;s f
LosRjvQ:
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; *2pf
> UzL
o (4gh1b%
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; hQ'W7EF
U $Z<lx2P
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system V~p01f "J
"blq)qo)
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； (;&}\OX6nm
lX.-qCV"B
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene lrj&60R`w
>]8(3& zd
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； OF03]2j7<|
E- [Eg
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 un4fnoc
$v #
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， OGIv".~s4
1y\bJ
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： 5:jme$BI
@_?2iN?4Z
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； v0VQ
4>
3UaW+@
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； yo/;@}g}
fge h;cD
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion f;Oh"Yt
|9=A"092{
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； r{^43g?
8["%e#%`$
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; Jx~H4y=z
iiQ
q112`
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 /'aqQ
K<
5{oc
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission v@tEHRadz
%~
PcJhz
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation Yj1|]i5b
z4Zm%
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate in/~' u
tp}/>gU!
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； \Q(a`6U
aq
N{@|
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile l[c '%M |N
,we s*
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 D\&S
{
Y B7n}r23
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension E&zf<Y
PXYLL X\ 3
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health Lm~<BBp.
,\iHgsZ
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork d/
^IL*O
/ HLI9
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years cV W7I
R B+Jp
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health V^ n6~O
HvG %##
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. yy8-t2V
jeWv~JA%L|
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； O*l
,
&5
KhfADqji|
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle; |-}. Y(y
cb /Q< i
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 ?d-w#<AiV
H_ $?b
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; }8x+F2i
FSA%, b; U
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from 9Vm1q!lE
Dhn7N8(LF!
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. .@,t}:lD
<3{MS],<<
There have been more deaths from drowning. :E.a.-
{1OxJn1hd
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ ^<OYW|q?\r
:>fT=$i@
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； 9-c3@ >v
=%7drBo D
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; k)n
b<JW|r
JI-i7P
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 bXnUz?1!d
X
61 |:E
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak 4 $KDf ;m@
(I}owr 5:
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; <t"T'\3
h
~ k<"
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations;
8$ {n}}
g3$'G hf
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； L\2"1%8Wj
f(|k0$EIu
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； dBXiLrEbs
72s qt5C]
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 |eu 8;~A
0DicrnH8
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； PeIx41. +s
vkE`T5??
养老保险 endowment insurance； Nnh\FaI
<_xG)vwh.
退休养老金retirement pension； OvX&5Q5
@Y/&qpo$#W
Health Care Reform医疗改革 C1D:Xi-
1cK'B<5">]
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； '. bf88D
n*7^lAa2
37.月经期menstrual period BXYHJ
7% D 4
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ./F:]/Mt
>Q /;0>V
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care b{<? E };%
-hXKCb4YU
40.安乐死euthanasia； ;?/5
Mr
>aA
M&4
41.得绝症的terminally ill； |}4\Gm
(mIjG)4t
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care
E y :68yU
s\;/U|P_
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient _qa ]T'8
F^.A~{&L
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. G!6b
) 4L-
hS ,&Nj+
+*8su5:[&@
.P 1WY
