目录: bu"R2~sb
第01章 名词性从句 8;7Y}c
第02章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解 Xui${UYN
第03章 高中英语语法中的省略现象 *a Y`[,4#$
第04章 主谓一致 d,au&WZ;_
第05章 动词不定式 fc lmxTy
第06章 倒装结构 07-S%L7Z
第07章 定语从句 eW)(u$C|qL
第08章 被动语态 +F ~;Q$T
第09章 祈使句 Ee>P*7*jB
第10章 感叹句 *zX*k7LnV
第11章 疑问句 2X2,(D!
第12章 名词 ^\ &:'$f+8
第一章 名词性从句 8Dpf{9Y-E
zcItZP
ZjY_AbD
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 l5S(xQ
RsU=fe,
一. 主语从句 N)A?*s'v~
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 }.|\<8_
#"d.D7nA
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 w3:WvA5jt
It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如: {s|rk
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see thefilm. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 (+>~6SE
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 .z+?b8Q\
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型) 8Q^yh6z
d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型)
Q^/5hA
`(1em%}
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 0Mt2Rg}
(1) It is + 名词 + 从句 AY:3o3M
It is a fact that … 事实是… c;e-[F 7
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 |x["fWK
It is common knowledge that …是常识 v vlfL*f
(2) It is + 形容词 + 从句 I"@X~Y7}
It is natural that… 很自然… d9|dHJf
It is strange that… 奇怪的是… .%`|vGF
(3) It is + 不及物动词 + 从句 \(.&E`r
It seems that… 似乎… !U}A1)
It happened that… 碰巧… +GI[
Kq
It appears that… 似乎… cO<]%L0
(4) It + 过去分词 + 从句 0t5>'GYX
It is reported that… 据报道… wq_c^Ioy
It has been proved that… 已证实… UT [7 J
It is said that… 据说… <1&kCfE&
2 8SlFu?
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: [e3|yE6
(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 tu77Sb
(2)It is said/reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: x@2rfs
正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school nextweek. 7GfgW02
错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week issaid. twt
Bt L
(3)Ithappens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: YS?P A#
正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. = I
i@-C
错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. 2iI"|k9M
(4)It doesn’t matterhow/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: v6oPAqj,r
正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. L;nRI.
错误表达:Whether he iswrong or not doesn’t matter. V-A^9AAPm
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: &o^ wgmS
正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? vPmP<c)cb
错误表达:Is that will rain in the evening likely? dVVeH\o
7;;W{W%
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 uA
C:&
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如: ,9|%
a) What you said yesterday is right. pPo?5s
b) That she is still alive is a consolation x~
s>
90sM S]a
Ms1G&NYP
|rdG+>
二.宾语从句 wuzz Wq
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 KblOP{I
J}jK_
1. 作动词的宾语 3mWo`l
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如: =e$
#m;
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 [w=x 0J&
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如: 6$ IXER
a) She did not know what hadhappened. 她不知道发生了什么。 JsnavI6
b) I wonder whether you canchange this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 `6~*kCj5
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如: d/Py,
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 U%oI*
3
%DA {
2. 作介词的宾语,例如: h4?+/jk7
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 wB9IP{Pf
Td;e\s/]
3. 作形容词的宾语,例如:
DIk$9$"<x
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。 Maa5a
*}/xy
SH3
注意:that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious,aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised,worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt,satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 7e8hnTzl8<
EHzZ9zH\
4. it 可以作为形式宾语 m9L+|r
it 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如: _Fz)2h,3
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。 e3S6+H),I
5@0c@Q
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词 @J r
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn,celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如: @=;6:akz`
正确表达:I admire theirwinning the match. W!X#:UM)
错误表达:I admire thatthey won the match. +Og O<P
fLD9RZ8_
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 [w{ZP4d>
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中,常见的有envy, order,accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如: vo::y"
正确表达:He impressedthe manager as an honest man. "Q/3]hc.
错误表达:He impressedthe manager that he was an honest man. CC)9Ks\
A%GJ|h,i
7. 否定的转移 Z(<ul<?r
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy,guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式。例如: ze4/XR
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。 26Yg?:kP
}2\"(_
三. 表语从句 ^-ACtA)
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有the reason isthat… 和It is because 等结构。例如: yr=r?h}
1) The question is whether we can makegood preparation in such a short time. JBwTmOvQ
2) This is why we can’t get the support ofthe people. xJ"KR:CD>
3) But the fact remains that we are behindthe other classes. sW]n~kTt'
4) The reason he is late for school isthat he missed the early bus. V`H#|8\i
@"~\[z5
四. 同位语从句 r]E$uq
bR
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 w1}[lq@
a>kDG <.A
1. 同位语从句的功能 cr/|dc'
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如: pP
r<8tm[
1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all thepeople. tS9m8(Hr%Q
2)The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 7d<v\=J}
-?]ltn9!
2. 同位语在句子中的位置 oby*.61?5l
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开。例如: [a`i{(!
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. =aekY;/
jG2w(h/"
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 a2 SQ:d
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语),而同位语从句中的that是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分。 m3WV<Cbz
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如: N<{`n;
1) The news that he told me is that Tomwould go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语) Z\L@5.*ydE
2)The news that Tom would go abroad istold by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分) %b?Pas
f.
Z`*cI
<oO,
CXF
IF:M_
m7"f6zSo(
>ob/@
高一英语名词性从句专项练习 _R<HC
1.____he does has nothingto do with me. l+6\U6_)B
A. whatever B. No matterwhat C. That D. If Dr1F|[
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
p4t)Z#0
A. did the quarrel came about B.the quarrel had come about </X"*G't
C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about m\f_u*
3. Energy is ____makes thing work.. nADd,|xD3
A. what B. something C. anything D. that 5\S7Va;W
4. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. mig3.is
A. while B. that C. when D. as Ic}o
fBK
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed. #H`y1zm
A. there B. in which C. where D. when 3~Ln:4[6ID
6. They have no idea at all____. 62jA
A. where he has gone B.where did he go 8:% R|b
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone #+
'@/5{ n
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die ofthe disease. ~N9-an
A. that B. which C. of which D. ofthat F29AjW86
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning. ^rwSbM$
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave Bs?F*,zDJ
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave V+24- QWh
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match. }NCvaO
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether BUinzW z{a
10. The question came up at themeeting_____ we had enough money for our research. BA-nxR
A. that B. which C. whether D. if )F9r?5}v4x
11. Is _____he said really true? N| Pm|w*?
A. that B. what C. why D. whether ^gzNP#A<'o
12.____the meeting should last two days orthree days doesn’t matter. fR4l4 GU?)
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where 7[BL 1HI*
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair wasturning gray. n-3j$x1Ne
A. while B. if C. that D. for kA!(}wRL
14. ???_____more countries can use naturalenergy in the future remains to be seen. 5iddB
$
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If lmKq xs4
15.____he will go to work in a mountainvillage surprises all of us. =zeLs0s;
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If 6 v^
16. ____you don’t like him is none of mybusiness. 8 QF?W{NK
A. What B. That C. Who D. How 1lyOp
17.____all the inventions have in commonis ____they have succeeded. ^r*%BUU9]%
A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what /
7X dV
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed thefood very much. QX.6~*m1
A. What B. It C. All that D. That m}[~A
@qD
19. It is widely ______that smoking cancause cancer. ?vn 0%e868
A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped ' P`p.5nH
20. ____caused the accident is still acomplete mystery. WG/J4H`Od
A. What B. That C. How D. Where c4>sE[]
KHecc/,,S
Keys: y
F5
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA _:X|R#d