转贴:考博英语写作模板 9<0yz?b':
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 eH7x>[lH.
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? J:"@S%gy%
经典句型: @]IRB1X
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) HI{q#
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) q6rkp f,Tl
更多经典句型: h STcL:b
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2~\SUGW-
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2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计
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原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: R~iv%+
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college 6)0.q|
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students wanted to further their study after their graduation. OU.}H $x"
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: [uGsF0#e
Honesty )bih>>H
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 `B"sy8}x
Travel by Bike n_; s2,2r
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Q<u?BA/
Youth ?Xvy0/s5
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 [m{sl(Q
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? \8$~ i
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 b4dviYI
更多句型: XxMZU(5
A recent statistics shows that … d/yF}%0QI
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结尾万能公式: X uE: dL?
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 >Y8\f:KQ
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: FfM^2`xP
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good ";=!PL
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 5\z<xpJ
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 04dz?`HuB
更多过渡短语: h-1?c\Qq:
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus F^bY]\-5
更多句型: s.bo;lk
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… M\4`S&
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2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 }ww/e\|Nt=
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! -MS#YcsV
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve :sg}e
the problem. MBg[hu%
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? M]r?m@)
更多句型: :K^J bQ
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. A`Dx]y
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be ?MRY*[$
taken. ErNYiYLi]
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: x']'ODs
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is Su,:f_If,
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to "QdK
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satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite nte?a e
similar. XJe=+_K9
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! 1]G)41
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 主 题 句原则 d
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国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! _aPAn|.
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! RA[j=RxK
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully t6nRg
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, 5&n{QE?Um
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 kh0cJE\_^
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三、一 二 三原则 1'<C-[1
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… oa:YAqT
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 mtv8Bm=<
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) S\TXx79PhC
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) GkJcd;
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) k3#'g'>yh
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, SL4?E<Jb
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) /IpCo
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) {]^Ixm-,f
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) dD
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) s/D)X=P1
8)most important of all, moreover, finally SB\%"nnV
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) A"V
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10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) .Fn|Okn^gr
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! B ?VTIq>
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四、 短语优先原则 1)(>'pY
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: @ma(py
I cannot bear it. Pv'Q3O2<I
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. L!fTYX#K]
I want it. eTuqK23
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. )j_El ]?
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 @?3f`l
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五、 多实少虚原则
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原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如: x|6]+?l@6
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room k +-w%
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room S&-K!XyJ
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room jm^.E\_
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room tEhg',2t(
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room -JMn?]
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! *T5;dh (
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六、 多变句式原则 ";K w?
1)加法(串联) d#ir=+o{h
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: 2B,O/3y
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. v,KKn\X
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: 4DA34m(
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. [{x}# oRSE
其它的短语可以用: V>{< pS
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover ?"B]"%M&
2)转折(拐弯抹角) uw)7N(os\`
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 3N7H7(IR
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. d1j9{
The coat was thin, but it was warm. ',+yD9 @
更多的短语: {Cx5m
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, y>^a~}Zq
despite, notwithstanding {Mx(|)WkL
3)因果(so, so, so) M^
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昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! rO1!h%&o"
The snow began to fall, so we went home. UtZ,q!sg
更多短语: D &
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then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a YGp+[|'
result, for this reason, so that C*7/iRe
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) 9Em#Ela
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 A4K.,bZ
举例:This is what I can do. v9*m0|T0M
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. qQ&uU7,#
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: ZL MH~cc
When to go, Why he goes away… bDI%}k9#
5)附加(多此一举) :2 ;Jo^6Se
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 +6m.f,14q
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. }aCa2%
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 7nZPh3%
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. Jd2.j?P=
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom LF<&gC
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 0D X_*f
6)排比(排山倒海句) 2z.ot'
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! taQE
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Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated ^)VwxH:s
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. '`];=QY9pg
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such B5e9'X^
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as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean zmMc*|
tides. q2GW3t
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, #el27"QP0
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) xo:kT )
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七) 挑战极限原则 !<bwg
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! %|Ps|iV
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: c/{FDN
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb K%^n.
the Western Hills. jm_-f
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 3} A$+PX
three times that of China. &W `xZyb3
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! n|`3d~9$&
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! Jh[0xb
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted yD
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every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as ]rcF/uQJ<n
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. _ k-_&PR
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will J[ds.~ $
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the 8:cbr/F<
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. *Cy54Z#
更多句型: $ /VQsb
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, !,4ag1
for example二、做比较 oy+|:[v:Fk
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; qA*~B'
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through =8^+M1I
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: 3;nOm =I
相似的比较: i1iP'`r
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner *MF9_V)8V
相反的比较: Aoa8Q
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on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, gesbt
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,三、换言之 =w2 4(S
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! A2
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I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. 6Z\ aJ
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love Z~'t'.=z
with you. 'C+cQLig@
或者上面我们举过的例子: ,0l
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I cannot bear it. p8Vqy-:
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.
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因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with vEv kC
it or I am fed up with it. gt kV=V
更多短语: V&mkS
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more [-~pDkf:
simply tr<~:&H4T