[p:5] YKayaI\*
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1. [5-IkT0
Contend pBBKfv
to compete in order to win something Nknd8 >Hy+
There are three world-class tennis players contending for this title. R\5fl[
He's contending against someone with twice his experience. G\k&sF
This decisive defeat puts them out of contention for this year's championship finals. (k"0/*F4_
Rw[!Jq
to state something is true or is a fact _Fv6S}~Q
The lawyer contended (that) her client had never been near the scene of the crime. (~F}O
/Hm/%os
contend with sth eDNY|}$}v
to have to deal with a difficult or unpleasant situation >
9z-/e
At the age of nine, he had the death of both parents to contend with. i^ILo,Q
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V;C
content (HAPPY) 3qNuv];2
He seems fairly content with (his) life. UN;U+5,t
f1o^:}5x
batter (HIT) k!+v*+R+V
to hit and behave violently towards a person, especially a woman or child, repeatedly over a long period of time, or to hit something with force many times K@osD7-
He was battered to death with a rifle-butt. i \lr
KA
He was battering (at/on) the door with his fists and howling. Sw[*1C8
The waves battered against the rocks at the bottom of the cliff. 33hP/p%
The burglars had battered down the door of the house (= hit it so hard that it broke and fell down). ~W B-WI\
k#mL4$]V5N
battered fbah~[5}
1 hurt by being repeatedly hit -I#<?=0B
She set up a sanctuary for battered wives. 1O)m(0tb[
2 damaged, especially by being used a lot = 4'r+2[
battered furniture/toys }ri7@HCY4
$\20Vgu<
confer (TALK) = P$7
"
to exchange ideas on a particular subject, often in order to reach a decision on what action to take y{tM|
I should like some time to confer with my lawer Di$++T8"
f=4q]y#& X
confer (GIVE) O#vIn}
to give an official title, honour, or advantage to someone "*d%el\63
An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Edinburgh University. BBl9<ne$
v}^uN+a5
Conference 5'(#Sf
(|y@ftr@
2. eE0nW+i
endeavor, v. #'y^@90R
try one’s utmost to, take pains to, spare no effort to, make effort to, try everything possible to, undertake, strive, aspire, dFnu&u"
endeavor. N I
[LHJ4
exertion h61BIc@>
$1D>}5Ex
potential, adj cT'<,#^/
possible, plausible, within the realm of possibility, Bjb8#n04
n. potentiality. >>h0(G|
Actuality, reality Iw</X}#\
YJ 01-
Recession zids2/_*
Depression, slump, stagnation, sag, ~_4$|WKl
Inflation, deflation, devaluation. M/8EaQs}
W
-5wjc
recess (PAUSE) noun Jn1(-
1 [C or U] a period of time in the year when the members of a parliament are not meeting QPz3IK%
2 [U] US in school, a period of time between classes when children do not study hr GfA
=>)4>WT8A
recess (SPACE) noun (d=knoo7A
1 [C] a small area in a room which is formed by one part of a wall being set back further than other parts /A%31WE&1
The room has a recess designed to hold bookshelves. h%%dRi
2 [C usually plural] a secret or hidden place @-jI<g
Psychoanalysts aim to explore the deepest/innermost recesses of the mind. FZJ sZeO
EY.Z.gMZI(
3. lRA!
optional N51RBA
not compulsory, elective, non-obligatory, alternative, $N17GqoC
demanded, imperative, enforced, required, 7V7iIbi
#p|7\Y
optimum (also optimal) )R9QJSe
best; most likely to bring success or advantage dIRSgJ`
A mixture of selected funds is an optimum choice for future security and return on investment. H83/X,"!w
optimize, optimise verb [T] Uz;
pNW
Mk
to make something as good as possible VA@t8H,
We need to optimize our use of the existing technology. RS1c+]rr
V|zatMHs
humane adjective @G>Q(a*,
showing kindness, care and sympathy towards others, *mj3 T
The humane way of dealing with a suffering animal (= the way that causes the least pain) is to kill it quickly. t"L-9kCM
The opposite is inhumane J+20]jI
humanely adverb 9)]asY
I don't support the death penalty, but if people are to be executed, it should be done humanely. Z4'8x h)-
>YW_}kd
Barbaric, barbarian, barbarous, outlandish, vulgar, primitive, ~^pV>>LX|
2YL)"
w
4. 7Eett)4
revive, restore, recuperate, n%Gk
{h5
recuperate verb [I] slightly formal A ^wIsAxT
to become well again after an illness; to get back your strength, health, etc \gjYh2>
She spent a month in the country recuperating from/after the operation. y7)$~R):-
XAf,k&f3
testify verb [I or T] op]H
F4
to speak seriously about something, especially in a court of law; to give or provide evidence AqHH^adzA:
[+ that]He testified that he had seen the man leaving the building around the time of the murder. :CJ]^v
testimonial noun [C] l;C00ZBOc
Nn%[J+F
predict, :yTpjC-S]
foretell, foresee, forecast, prophesy, envisage, C0$KpUB
hLf<-NM
5. 3Bk_4n
deteriorate k&h3"
deteriorate verb [I] W%bzA11l
to become worse k;bdzcMkQ
She was taken into hospital last week when her condition suddenly deteriorated.
-U"h3Ye^
The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. '*6S0zt
deterioration 4.}{B_)
LK
We've seen a deterioration in relations between the countries. ]a}
K%D)H
IY='tw
6 [h
GS*
once and for all 18xT2f
completely and in a way that will finally solve a problem np#RBy
Our intention is to destroy their offensive capability once and for all. cU^Z=B
nYc8+5CcK'
7. Vk>m/"
account (JUDGE) verb [+ object + noun or adjective] formal @6N$!Q?
to think of someone or something in the stated way; judge .(7end<
She was accounted a genius by all who knew her work. GV1SKa
~$O.KF:
account (to sb) for sth (EXPLAIN) AP8YY8,
to explain the reason for something or the cause of something xElHYh(\
Can you account for your absence last Friday? !BocF<U E
She was unable to account for over $5 000. <ETR6r
{O4y Y=G
8 U;l!.mze
enlighten verb [I or T] M:4N'#`
to provide someone with information and understanding; to explain the true facts about something to someone 9HjtWQn
Should the function of children's television be to entertain or to enlighten? >#
{,(8\
I don't understand this. Could you enlighten me? }5 2]
Y]ZNAR
9 ]W-7 U_
count on sth (EXPECT) h]6"~ m
to expect something to happen and make plans based on it 7 fE
QD?C
[+ ing form of verb]I'm counting on the meeting finishing on time, or I'll miss my train. ?-y!FD}m&
Sorry I'm late, I didn't count on being held up in the traffic. LZ97nvK
There's never a taxi when you want one - that's the one thing you can count on! eq|G\XJ
Q9UBxpDV:
Wait on sb hand and foot Y'75DE<BC
JwkMRO
Stand by z2Pnni7Ys
She has vowed to stand by her husband during his trial. NaR/IsN8%
stand by (DO NOTHING) phrasal verb 9vAY|b^
to allow something unpleasant to happen without doing anything to stop it 'pJ46"D@m
We can't stand by while millions of people starve. y?t2@f]!XK
Despite its financial problems, the company is standing by the no-redundancy agreement. _o
2pyV&
YkPc&
10 *@XJ7G[
stand for sth (ACCEPT) *bl*R';
If you will not stand for something, you will not accept a situation or a particular type of behaviour S690Y]:h$v
I wouldn't stand for that sort of behaviour from him, if I were you. 0={@GhjApL
stand for sth (REPRESENT) ^[7ZB mS
1 to support or represent a particular idea or set of ideas 5pOb;ry")`
This party stands for low taxes and individual freedom. :V(+]<
2 If one or more letters stand for a word or name, they are the first letter or letters of that word or name and they represent it bJ[{[|yEd
'GMT' stands for Greenwich Mean Time. 8y<NT"
(BB&ZUdyv
14 &0E>&1`7
die off zL1*w@6
If a group of plants, animals or people dies off, all of that group dies over a period of time. dSD7(s!
n/
\{}9
fall apart (STOP WORKING) duCso M/
1 If an organization, system or agreement falls apart, it fails or stops working effectively Cr!}qZq
The deal fell apart because of a lack of financing. $.a4Og2
Their marriage fell apart when she found out about her husband's affair. rmX'Ym9#
2 informal to experience serious emotional problems that make you unable to think or act in the usual way EJd l%j
After his wife died, he began to fall apart. 5 A/[x$q
.RI{\ i`
15 .{cka]9WJz
imprudent: indiscreet, injudicious #].n0[
conjecture `zr%+
surmise, supposition, speculation
>dnH
o%!8t_1mR
16 DNARe!pK
adhere to sth xQ4'$rL1d
to continue to obey a rule or maintain a belief eYQq@lrWv
She adhered to her principles/ideals throughout her life. -h5yg`+1N\
They failed to adhere to the terms of the agreement/treaty. y"|QY!fK
y^7ol;t
18 )2@_V %
give way j,q8n`@
yield to sth (STOP) bB|UQaC
l
N5 BC<pu
20 VDCG
5QP6(
WaU+ZgDrG
The course comprises a class book, a practice book and an audio tape. {-(}p+;z
The class is comprised mainly of Italian and French students. )!h(o R
xc%\%8C}
The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans. 5r=xhOe`
c7$L:
21 zEG6T *
Many nations have imposed sanctions on the country because of its attacks on its own people. m).S0
e rz9CX
approval or permission, especially formal or legal jo75MSj
They tried to get official sanction for the scheme. gWt}q-@nRR
' `0kW_'
22 / S
32)=(
Such a noisy environment was not conducive to a good night's sleep. wVSM\
This is a more conducive atmosphere for studying. V3%"
z
U 6(
(
Duce, duct = to lead M2K{{pGJ[&
Conduce, conduct, deduce, deduct, deduction, induce, induct, induction, z/IA
@
\;al@yC=T
23 J~=bW\^I
Leave off! used to tell someone to stop being annoying K?;_T$^K
Hey, leave off! I hate people touching my hair. 6OBe^/ZRt
?gknJ:
I've made a list of names - I hope I haven't left anyone out. }2WscxL
None of the other children play with her, and I think she feels rather left out (= feels that no one wants to be her friend). Y7WxV>E
BMubN
26 |Z]KF>S]
sb/sth in question formal "gm[q."n<
the person or thing that is being discussed PUt\^
ke
I stayed at home on the night in question. s} 2TJa
G`n|fuv
27 N$\'X<{
repulsive, offensive, atrocious, disgusting, loathsome, obscene, repellent, unwholesome, `Aa}q(}k
alluring U
GA_^?4
w %4S
NR
Streamlining cars increases their fuel efficiency. BZS%p
The bodies of dolphins are more streamlined than those of porpoises. S
M57bN
u/wWP4'$J@
The cost-cutting measures include streamlining administrative procedures in the company. k|C~qe3E
The government recently announced details of its plan to streamline the taxation system. lk.]!K$}
x)35}mi){L
Overwhelm 7a$K@iWU
to cause someone to feel sudden strong emotion ?c G~M|@
They were overwhelmed with/by grief when their baby died. myq@X(K
I was quite overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received :n#8/'%1
oo+i3af&7
Disperse, scatter, dispel, dissipate _Y{8FN(4
Police dispersed the crowd that had gathered.
6tx5{Xl-o
Dispense JfOBZQ
They've had to dispense with a lot of luxuries since Mike lost his job. *B4?(&0
,6J{-Iu
31 B$ =oU
run over (sth) 6TR` O
I'm afraid we're starting to run over time, so could you make your speeches short please. :d AC:h
to quickly say or practise something O{vVW9Q
She quickly ran over her speech before going on-stage. l|kGp~
The director wants to run through the whole play this morning. ?|i
C-7{8L
p*NKM}
]I
33 o+],L_Ab
legitimate {6I)6}w!k
1 allowed by law 0hNgr'
The army must give power back to the legitimate government. +g9CklJ
2 reasonable and acceptable vVbBg; {
He claimed that the restaurant bill was a legitimate business expense. T1-.+&<
Poverty-stricken MdC}!&W
34 Y5ZBP?P
indisposed (ILL) ^ g'P
H{68
not willing B>;`$-
After their rude attitude in the past, we feel distinctly indisposed to help them now. $~ >/_<~
ixvF`S9
35 1 u~Xk?
rectify (CORRECT) al{}_
1XoU
1 to correct something or make something right L^FQ|?*
I am determined to take whatever action is necessary to rectify the situation. \H4$9lPk
Every effort is made to rectify any errors/mistakes before the book is printed. TWeup6k
Rect=right, straight Z~3
Rectal,直肠的 rectangle, direct, erect, u|+Dqe`
==Ah& ){4^
37 ^Q#g-"b
tap BhzcimC)
to obtain or make use of something 0sP*ChY5S
For more than a century, Eastern cities have expanded their water supplies by tapping ever more remote sources. 3P *[!KI
There is a rich vein of literary talent here just waiting to be tapped (into) by publishers. X|'[\v2ld
` yYYyB[
w }=LC#le
She carefully steered the car around the potholes. p_B5fm7#6W
This car is very easy to steer. l+#uQo6cqQ
She steered her guests into the dining room. 3rj7]:Vr
I'd like to steer our discussion back to our original topic. SUb:0GUa
The main task of the new government will be to steer the country towards democracy. !y&<IT(\4
steer clear of PVi0|
to avoid someone or something which seems unpleasant, risky or dangerous `sLD>@m
Her speech steered clear of controversial issues. YS bS.tq
IP!`;?T=
38 d$HPpi1LL
illusory (also illusive) 7n[0)XR>
not real; based on illusion ID~}pEQ
Their hopes of a peaceful solution turned out to be illusory. f<;eNN
ostensible 8^puC
appearing or claiming to be one thing when it is really something else Y?V.O
Their ostensible goal was to clean up government corruption, but their real aim was to unseat the government. @6Z6@Pq(xQ
@5h(bL
EP
Lud= to play 1b<[/g9
Allude,暗指 allusion, collude,共谋串通 delude,欺骗迷惑 delusion, elusive,逃避的,难以捉摸的 illusion, disillusion,幻灭 prelude, interlude, pwVaSnre`
moCR64n
Practical, practicable !l$k6,WJi
s]pNT1,
40 d^Rea
8
pull sth off (SUCCEED) nP0rg
to succeed in doing something difficult or unexpected fLZ99?J
The central bank has pulled off one of the biggest financial rescues of recent years. 6J <.
i
13370209065 4t 0p!IxG
Cover the expense > .K
?(Xy 2%v
pull (sb) through (sth) (MANAGE) 8M,$|\U
to succeed in dealing with a difficult period, or to help someone do this oxug
It was a crisis year for the company, but we have pulled through. EUbyQL
#i=m%>zjN
42 -ZoAbp$
The proposed restrictions have ignited a storm of protest. GHQm$|3I
43 MaZVGrcC
compel QTU
$mC]
pel,puls =drive s8;*Wt
pulse, compel,强迫 compulsive, compulsory, dispel,驱散 expel,驱逐 expulsion,放逐 impel, impellent, impulse, impulsion, impulsive, propel, propeller, propulsion, repel,逐推 repellent驱虫剂 &kQj)
}[y_Fr0
45 bZ}T;!U?I
integrate 1 to mix with and join society or a group of people, often changing to suit their way of life, habits and customs LC qWL
1
[R]It's very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own. NCVhWD21|
Children are often very good at integrating into a new culture. bUe6f,8,
cRWYS[O?-
The idea with young children is to integrate learning with play. U.
1&'U*
The town's modern architecture is very well integrated with the old. g6@^n$Y
integrated circuit nq\~`vH|Gd
sW&h?jdf
46 zor
intricate 5k;}I|rg %
complex, complicated, sophisticated, knotty, elaborate, :ay`Id_tm
} a!HbH
47 7! ~)a
denote jSw>z`'#H
to represent something REPI>-|
The colour red is used to denote passion or danger. ,vB nr_D#
/}(\P@Z
endorse (SUPPORT) cRSgP{hy
1 to make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone 5>-~!Mg1
I fully endorse (= agree with) everything the Chairperson has said. W{t-UK
]3
76F7
49 HG3iK
assert verb [T] 54Vb[;`Kkb
1 formal to say that something is certainly true 0+k=gO
[+ that]He asserts that she stole money from him. +<)H2
2 to do something to show that you have power 7TA&u'
She very rarely asserts her authority over the children. rfOrh^
assert yourself FLQ^J3A,I
to behave in a way which expresses your confidence, importance or power and earns you respect from others P%ZU+ET
I really must assert myself more in meetings. +u3vKzD
twp~#s:\z
aggravate (MAKE WORSE) uk3PoB^>
1 to make a bad situation worse jsq|K=x,
Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion.
B~%SB/eu
2 to make a disease worse B]PG
The treatment only aggravated the condition. wdR
k+
$Q`\-
51
1r<'&f5
for fear of: in case of :V# B]:Z9
Shut the window in case of rain j^D/,SW
in case of: for fear of QPW+L*2
We’d better ensure the house in case of fire. :Y4G
^i
In case of fire, break the glass. !
;R}=
Take the coat in case it rains (in case it should rain) 6t4{aa!L|9
`LJ.NY pP
52 on f7V
blare LF!S`|F
F
to make an unpleasantly loud noise z*WQ=l2
The loudspeakers blared across the square. Y~UWUF%aK
Glare tA-p!#V<k1
a long angry look 'L2[^iF9
She gave me a fierce glare. xgWVxX^)
to shine too brightly #wF6Wx iG
The sun was glaring right in my eyes. <KZ J
UL3u2g;d
Blemish: defect, flaw, vice, imperfection. da$ErN'{
67 wq8|
53 8b $e)
ingenious }nWW`:t kx
(of a person) very clever and skilful, or (of a thing) cleverly made or planned and involving new ideas and methods - S%8
an ingenious idea/method/solution ^/7Y3n!|3
Johnny is so ingenious - he can make the most remarkable sculptures from the most ordinary materials. _@sSVh$+
Adroit, canny, creative, innovational, innovative, innovatory, original, con. Awkward, clumsy, CjU?3Ag
(Uk\O`)m
ingenuous ksQw|>K
honest, sincere and trusting, sometimes in a way that seems foolish Oy yE0
It has to be said it was rather ingenuous of him to ask a complete stranger to look after his luggage. BtKbX)R$J
<is%lx(GDX
55 3Oe\l[?$;
entail TL([hR _
to make something necessary, or to involve something &=laZxe
Such a large investment inevitably entails some risk. vtXZ`[D,l)
Repairing the roof will entail spending a lot of money. _Zbgmasb
TuzH'F
defy oY7 eVu z
1 to refuse to obey, or to act or be against, a person, decision, law, situation, etc +JY]J89
The fact that aircraft don't fall out of the sky always seems to me to defy (= act against) the law of gravity. d7v_>
A forest fire raging in the south of France is defying (= is not changed by) all attempts to control it. IHj9n>c)[
2 defy belief/description/explanation to be extreme or very strange and therefore impossible to believe/describe/explain P6;Cohfh
The chaos at the airport defies description. 3
~\S]
\rmge4`4
denounce (CRITICIZE) ;Y`k-R:E6A
to criticize something or someone strongly and publicly "y=AVO
We must denounce injustice and oppression. be~'}`>
aTPmW]w6
57 9E]7Etfw
sever verb [T] \m1jV>q
The knife severed an artery and he bled to death. 3H@29TrJ+
Electricity cables have been severed by the storm. ~bLhI
The US severed diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1961. r#/Bz5Jb*
#[NNb?`F
59 W&Kjh|[1QZ
call (in) on sb (VISIT) to visit someone for a short time C/A~r
I thought we might call in on your mother on our way - I've got some magazines for her. JbEQ35r
'@eH)wh@m)
call on sth (USE) k^r-~q+NV#
to use something, especially a quality that you have, in order to achieve something nAW`G'V#
She would have to call on all her strength if she was to survive the next few months. a1#
'uS9W
$7bux1L
61 L=5Fvm
Hang on a minute - I'll be with you in a moment! %%f(R7n
Hang on tight - it's going to be a very bumpy ride. ,{u'7p
The safety of air travel hangs partly on the thoroughness of baggage checking. t'L#8MJ
xzTF| Z\
hang over sth 5mB'\xGO2
If a threat or doubt hangs over a place or a situation, it exists TGu]6NzyZ
Uncertainty again hangs over the project. 4+15`
2x dN0S
hang out K44j-Ypb
to spend a lot of time in a place or with someone \h 1 T/_4
You still hang out at the pool hall?
]<?7CpP
5WG:m'$$
63 XbKNH>
access 7T}r]C.
cede, ceed, cess= go, yield
C#
4/~+
accede,应允、就职 access, accessible, antecede,先行、超越 antecedent, cede,放弃、割让 cessation, concede,容许、勉强 concession, 特许权、租借地exceed, excess, excessive, incessant,不断的 intercede, 从中调停precede, precedent, proceed, process, procession, recess, secede,脱离、退去 succeed, om}jQJ]KH
[*AWCV
64 ;f)o_:(JJ
revoke N_),'2
to say officially that an agreement, permission, a law, etc. is no longer in effect 5D%gDw+"
The authorities have revoked their original decision to allow development of this rural area. qmM%MPv
Voc, voke = call, voice 58H%#3Fy
Vocal, vocalist, vocabulary, vocation, vouch,保证、担保 advocate, convoke,召集 equivocal,模棱两可 evoke, 唤起、使追忆到invoke,祈求、求助于 provoke, 刺激、激起、provocation, irrevocable, 不能取消的、 s;4r)9Uvx
J=C63YB
65 Jh)K0>R
inviting, tempting, appetizing, palatable, Z-B b,8
~^R?H S
68 CiSl
0
She pampers her dog with the finest steak and salmon. ]J* y`jn
Why not pamper yourself after a hard day with a hot bath scented with oils? zr5(nAl
e=%6\&q
69 I_h{n{,sr
befall XU19+mW=P
If something bad or dangerous befalls you, it happens to you ^#A[cY2eM
Should any harm befall me on my journey, you may open this letter. %">
Oy&3
f8'$Mn,
afflict x6 c#[:R&
If a problem or illness afflicts a person or thing, they suffer from it WgK |r~
It is an illness which afflicts women more than men. k;9"L90
a country afflicted by civil war U.B=%S
\1p5$0z
impose 4
:
<=%d
Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes. X&qa3C})
Judges are imposing increasingly heavy fines for minor driving offences. _7M! b9oA
I don't want them to impose their religious beliefs on my children. yw(E}
KtFxG6a
70 1xkU;no
A note of discord has crept into relations between the two countries. U8b1
sz
v 8`)h<:W?
71 U|%y`PZ
by virtue of because of; as a result of aumXidbS
She succeeded by virtue of her tenacity rather than her talent.
426)H_wx
G{cTQH|
be at the mercy of sb/sth vsM] <t
to be in a situation where someone or something has complete power over you -|DSfI#j
Poor people are increasingly at the mercy of money-lenders. BU="BB/[
jbHk
73 #89h}mp'
Let's confine our discussion to the matter in question, please! ] _/d
Please confine your use of the telephone to business calls. ikGH:{
By closing the infected farms we're hoping to confine the disease to the north of the region ,Dz2cR6
a*pZcv<
acquiesce to accept or agree to something, often unwillingly >q&Q4
E0
Reluctantly, he acquiesced to/in the plans. 4pF U` g=
TgaDzF,j{A
confirm (MAKE CERTAIN) %(-YOTDr
to make an arrangement or meeting certain, often by telephone or writing ~EU[?
[+ that]Six people have confirmed that they will be attending and ten haven't replied yet. ~PNO|]8j
Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure. n/"T7Y\2
The leader's speech was impressive and confirmed her faith in the party. |7Q8WjCQ{m
n;"4`6L~
to try to stop something unpleasant or harmful from happening or increasing
OvPy+I
to combat crime/terrorism/inflation/disease >:]fN61#
The government is spending millions of dollars in its attempt to combat drug abuse. K]bS:[34 R
34C
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74 ucj )t7O
Students are required to undertake simple experiments. Kfj*uzKB
She undertook not to publish the names of the people involved. Et'C4od s
bq4H4?j
The prisoners' attempt to escape was foiled at the last minute when police received a tip-off. yj$S?B Ee
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78 Za!c=(5
hold/keep sth/sb at bay )
Q=G&
to prevent someone or something unpleasant from harming you LbR/it'}
Exercise can help keep fat at bay. 1|w,Z+/
:,q3?l6
80 6sy%KO*A
They made for the centre of town. na']{a1K
Having faster computers would make for a more efficient system. wI}'wALhA
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take after )dL?B9d:
to be similar to an older member of your family in appearance or character $fKwJFr
He takes after his mother/his mother's side of the family. GvzPT2E!
lIjHd#q-C
82 =cC]8Pz?
take sth on (ACCEPT) deTb
vl
to accept a particular job or responsibility PYHm6'5BtB
She took too much on and made herself ill. qk,cp},2K
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take sth on (BEGIN) to begin to have a particular quality j[U0,]
Her voice took on a troubled tone. _TPo=}Z
hYd8}BvA
take sb on (EMPLOY) \[oHt:$do
to employ someone ygfqP
She was taken on as a laboratory assistant. R-Fi`#PG2
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84 ^p7(
underway, under way 1 If something is underway, it is happening now PRz oLzr
Economic recovery is already underway. zBs7]z!eP
KncoIw
It's a very beautiful village but it's a bit out of the way. ?@#}%<yEq
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85 {f&ga
Their baby bears a strong resemblance/an uncanny likeness to its grandfather. _(z"l"l=$
The stone plaque bearing his name was smashed to pieces. A zle ;\l`
[+ two objects]I don't bear them any ill feeling . (;j7{(
Thank you for your advice, I'll bear it in mind Ur-^X(nL
Eventually her efforts bore fruit and she got the job she wanted. l46F3C|
;Pa(nUE@
disclaim ^`!Daqk
to say that you have no responsibility for, or knowledge of, something that has happened or been done `/AzX *`
We disclaim all responsibility for this disaster. :9YQX(l8
J9 =gv0
86 <di_2hN
meager: very small or not enough 9>#|~P&FE
a meagre salary 9vbh5xX
The prisoners existed on a meagre diet. u
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87 V3o AZ34)
flamboyant a very confident in behaviour, or intended to be noticed, especially by being brightly coloured LbR-uc?x
a flamboyant gesture
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His clothes were rather flamboyant for such a serious occasion. 1pb;A;F,A
Her flamboyance annoys some people but delights others. '/H(,TM
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88 h
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Mr Young was given a six-month jail sentence suspended for two years /=@vG Vp6
A cloud of smoke was suspended in the air. ~qS/90,
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They offer a 10 percent discount on rail travel for students. +_eb*Z`5o
discounted goods/rates .NT&>X~.V
discount (NOT CONSIDER) verb [T] 9>R|k$`
You shouldn't discount the possibility of him coming back. sPg6eAd~?
^I{]Um:
90 nEm7&Gb
replenish to fill something up again zb/Xfu.)?6
Food stocks were replenished by/with imports from the USA. 3~</lAm;
Does your glass need replenishing? ? ~Zrd
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replete ?0mJBA
1 full, especially with food DH9?2)aR
After two helpings of dessert, Sergio was at last replete. 9Nu#&_2R
2 well supplied rO$>zdmYHs
This car has an engine replete with the latest technology. mzB#O;3=
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91 )_e"Nd4
matrimonial /JeqoM"x
related to marriage or people who are married :5M}Iz7
9!HMQ
92 s6
6XdM
dispatch, )75yv<L2S,
1 to send something, especially goods or a message, somewhere for a particular purpose MD4 j~q\g
Two loads of woollen cloth were dispatched to the factory in December y/I~x+y
J+ZdZa}Ob
93 {2k<
k(,
outgrow [l%fL9
1 to grow bigger than or too big for something qb>r\bc
My seven-year-old had new shoes in April and he's already outgrown them (= his feet have grown too large for them). sq(Ar(L<
2 to lose interest in an idea or activity as you get older and change 8N*
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He eventually outgrew his adolescent interest in war and guns. z!C4>,
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alleviate, relieve, RrU~"P1C
zg Y*|{4Sl
95 #X@<U <R
assemblage noun ~q?"w:@;x
1 [C] formal a collection of things or a group of people or animals .cT$h?+jyl
A varied assemblage of birds was probing the mud for food. $
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96 2@m(XT
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refer to sb/sth (DESCRIBE) e|5B1
rMM
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays. ?Y6la.b
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He always refers to the house as his "refuge". S5E,f?l
2 The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors. z@l!\m-
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look to sb for sth $Y 4ch ko
to hope that someone will provide something for you 4`!
They looked to the government for additional support. z^!A
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look up (IMPROVE) 8~s-t
to become better U8QR*"GmT
I hope things will start to look up in the new year. V:G }=~+=
Our financial situation is looking up at last. RSPRfYU/
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100 Q9eYF-+
put sth/sb up (SUGGESTION) ,LW(mdIe(
to suggest an idea, or to make a person available, for consideration /[nZ#zj!3
Each party is allowed to put up one candidate. Ic{'H2~4,
William has been put up as a candidate for the committee. Bgk~R.l
Is Chris willing to be put up for election? 3vRLg b
~E3SC@KL
put sb off (sth) (TAKE ATTENTION AWAY) jsqUMy-
Once she's made up her mind to do something, nothing will put her off. }/7.+yD
Could you be quiet please - I'm trying to concentrate and you're putting me off. fbHWBb
,Y g5X
put sth/sb forward (SUGGEST) XC7Ty'#"KX
The proposals that you have put forward deserve serious consideration. 3lLW'g&=
I wasn't convinced by any of the arguments that he put forward. gc,J2B]61
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101 I!F}`d
barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, ~ F?G5cN5
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h~'$+
102 M\\e e3Ih
prevail H
IPcZ!p
1 to get control or influence |c06ix;).
I am sure that common sense will prevail in the end. kwDh
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And did reason prevail over emotion? ?dJ/)3I%F
L)kb (TH
The Sahara Desert extends (= reaches) for miles. _XY`UZ
The path extends (= continues) beyond the end of the road. XI@6a9Uk
V_ +}^
permeate *2 qh3
to spread through something and be present in every part of it ?$30NK3G
Dissatisfaction with the government seems to have permeated every section of society. B^8
ZoF
+ AcKB82
103 B
B2_J=wA
surge noun [C] #;\L,a|>*
1 a sudden and great increase
Lf,CxZL5
There has been a surge in house prices recently. 3iu!6lC
3 a sudden increase of an emotion J<