一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 QP>F *A
(一)医疗、医院、医生 ;vn0b"Fi3
1 、医生 XEN-V-Z%*
① doctor, medical worker MM( ,D&
Z
② physician 内科医生 (!Xb8rV0_
③ surgeon 外科医生 ezri9\Ju
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 0wAB;|~*62
⑤ intern 实习医生 =5uhIU0O
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 3}C-Hg+gt
!)05,6WQ
2 、医院 735l&(3A\
① hospital yN06` =
The specialized hospital 专科医院 GoPMWbI7
The general hospital 普通医院 \g v-2.,
The community hospital 社区医院 p0}Yo8? OW
The public hospital 公立医院 6j|~oMYP
The private hospital 私立医院 ]/AU_&
② clinc 门诊 , 10+Sh
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 n7zM;@{7
③ ward 病房 lLK||2d
④ medical team 医疗队 g;:3I\ L
+aqQa~}r
3、 医疗手段 VW^q|B yB
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 A>(EM}\,
(2) medical treatment 医疗 oeI[x
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 mM_
gOd
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis rxZk!- t)L
(5) prevent (v) 预防 E;"VI2F
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | qR
,
5
(7) administrate a drug 给药 VRHS 4
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 ,eL&Ner
(9) TCM 中医 Cn.dv
-
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 ]n$ v ^
(11) medical service 医疗服务 BL%&n*&
(12) complain of (v) 主述 |@?='E?h
(13) health checkup 健康普查 v~p?YYOm<
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 O_5;?$[m
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; DnN+W
qc.9GC
4 、医疗体制 SO~pe$c-
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 IEfm>N-]
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 6S(`Bw8h
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 M2.*]AL
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 ~\%H0.P6
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 bf\ Uq<&IJ
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金
J.0&gP V
>q&e.-qL
5 、医德 #O'g*]j
(1 )medical ethics 医德 QKoJxjR=^
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 mrVN&.
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 ~Oi.bP<,
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 \o
w(4O#
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 yT(86#st
(6 )resolute 果断的 ZjnWbnW
(7 )service quality 服务质量 ork{a.1-_w
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people X,K`]hb*0_
Q2!RFtXV
6 、病人 n|PW^kOE/
(1 )patient E7]
a#
(2 )the sick `oE.$~'
(3 )the invalid Ba
n^wX
(4) sufferer X`I=Z ysB
%@;xbKj
(二)疾病 NV`7VYU
1 、 患病的表达方式 1rh2!4)7
⑴ suffer from (v ) &hzr(v~;
(2) contract (v ) C,{ Ekbg
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 H]Gj$P=k
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 ,9.NMFn
PC)V".W1
2 、必知疾病名称 Aac7km
heart disease 心脏病 =&vRT;6
hypertension 高血压 Uz7V2r%]
kidney problem 肾病 .O9Pn,:
stroke 中风 v<?k$ e5
shock 休克 8noo^QO
the blood pressure 血压 JRw)~Tg @
diabetes 糖尿病 N3Z6o.k
obesity 肥胖 R"QWap}
terminal illness 绝症 $`/F5R!
incurable illness 不治之症 4n.EA,:g:(
cancer 癌症 `I5So-^&z
tumor 肿瘤 V j_z"t7q
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 6 ;}FZ
emergency case 急症 kn6X
I*
serious illness 重症 &4Y@-;REt
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 F#7A6|
short breath 短气 )<%IY&
\
syndrome 综合症 ~g;lVj,N'
complications 并发症 1=Q3WMT
process 病程 MY>o8A
bone loss 骨质疏松 ixo?o]Xb`
short-sighted (adj)近视 %|By ?i
d##'0yg
3、传染病 /;rk
-I
(1) 感染源 pkEqd"G
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 *'ex>4^
(2 )传染疾病 ]_P!+5]<
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 O8WL
ulo
influenza (简)flu 流感 o_ SR
infection contagion 传染病 fk:oCPo
infectious diseases 传染病 0%<x>O
AIDS 艾滋病 /YH5s=
SARS *ZA.O
(3) 传染 A{b?ZT~2]
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Z,m;eCLG]
block the channel (v) 9DP6g<>B
disseminate 传播 fu?Y'Qet
cross infection 交叉感染 Z 2u5n`K
Td>Lp=0rU
5 、疾病、病痛 r(QjVLjj`k
illness SB'$?Kh
sickness OTe0[p6v
disease @I^LmB
9*
ailment Lz'05j3!
suffering (lY<\l
~&Gw[Nd1
6 、疾病的转归 b:uMON,H
(1 )疾病的恢复 2_]"9d4
recover recovery ~L.)<{?
recuperate C!8XFf8e
resume LMmW3W`
recruit r!vSYgee
reinstate ^gpswhp
5
(2) 疾病的恶化 0 oFRcU
deteriorate F(i@Gm=J]
aggravate Wl:vO^
exasperate 7VdG6`TDR
make worse (Wu_RXfCw_
worsen W c"f
SBY
7、其他相关词汇 \*0ow`|K
outbreak and spending a0oM KGW:
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 0b0.xz\~U
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 7Xu.z9y
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 4Y[uqn[
taboo 禁忌 `eat7O
speed up blood circulation (v) j`Xe0U<
improve the cardiac functions (v) mRT`'f
xK
side effects 副反应 MH+t`/E0]
complain of 主述 ugtb`d{ Sl
'mz
_JM
S"iz
fQ@
(三)药物 {]aB3
1 、药物名称 C~.7m-YW
medicine 5sD\4 g)HK
drug !biq7f%6#
remedy iD)R*vnAi
medicinal herbs e'I13)
power 2G'Au} q0n
tablet aO9a G*9T
pill *7'}"@@
1k2+eI
2 、药物用法 kETu@la}
开药 : iEG`+h'
prescribe some medicine for some diseases }|
BnG"8
write out a proscription 0s"g%gq|
服药 n%lY7.z8d
take a medicine io_4d2uBh
治…的疾病 Cf'O*RFD
a remedy for some diseases gw0b>E8gZ&
LEoL6ga
3 、其他相关词汇 \e%H5Wx
drug therapy 药物治疗 W8:?y*6
side effects 副反应 SG1fu<Q6J
drug abuse 药物滥用 ^lCys
drugstore 药房 kK2x';21
over the counter 非处方药 +5Yf9
drug allergy 药物过敏 -7:J#T/\
drug poisoning 药物中毒 JTw\5j
prescription 处方 LMchNTL
expenses for medicine 药费 %xE\IRlR
charges for medicine .!T]sX_P
drug rebate 药品回扣 P+!j[X^
DN
)Ehd.
zG|}| //}
(四)心理疾病 \;
Io
1 、心理学专业词汇 CN6@g^)P
subhealth 亚健康 ^;0.P)yGA
psychological benefits 心理健康 ; ]GSVv:
psychological problem 心理问题 V3O<l}ak
psychological consultation 心理咨询 d&n&_>
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 ]*a3J45
mental obstacles 心理障碍 V3&_ST
psychological massage 心理按摩 fMaUIJ:Q9
psychology 心理学/ 心理 Ie(vTP1Cj
psychotherapy 心理治疗 oTj9 /r
psychological expert 心理专家 P#5&D*`}h
zCxr]md
2 、情绪词汇 Iuk!A?XV
overcome :K{!@=o
disappoint tPh``o
disappointed yD|H
e*$S
shy , EAYx+zI
flush I_s4Pf[l
frustration Jwzkd"D
failure K@u\^6419
willpower $CXKeWS=Q.
optimism NMYkEz(&R
optimistic NLZTIZCK
be sensitive to kWs"v6B
nervous ^i}*$ZC72
tensional O4xV "\
sad agony pessimism pessimistic 6A$
\I44
confident confidence Q$_S/d%*
stress pressure *G)=6\
depress depressed /I@nPH
<y
depression depressive =bm<>h7.)
|/B2Bm
3 、疲劳相关词汇 FL-yt
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary VY }?Nb<&
=sVB.P
(五)肥胖与营养 p7y8/m\6
1 、营养物质 PfKIaW<
nutrient 营养素 *3_@#Uu7
protein 蛋白质 "_Wv,CYmNr
fat 脂肪 !
Ff/RRo
glucose 葡萄糖
)L}6to
vitamin 维生素 &sJZSrk|
sugar 糖类 Y>}[c
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 zX+NhT
TB
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Z>GqLq\`ed
soft drink beverage 软饮料 %<cfjo
cholesterol胆固醇 (gd+-o4
D;%
(Z!
2 、营养与饮食 ]=T`8)_r)
a well-balanced diet DpG|Kl|d
nutrition 营养 w-9FF%@<
nutritional 营养的 no_(J>p^&
v`i9LD0(
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 biZwxP3
E3X6-J|
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall 34lt?6
%j
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase /(#;(]
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; . e' vc
4. 食品安全 food safety ]F:5-[V#
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies (7 i@@
6. 应急反应 immediate response to *$uj)*5,
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU iQry X(z
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system SM3Q29XIw
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care S%ULGX:@ga
10. 服务体系service system A -8;@NAUa
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene rdK=f<I]
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. 0OJBC~?{\
13. 清淡的lite lCmT
m
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet :q6j{C(
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN !)1r{u
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 G&i<&.i
17. 虫媒insect pollination; m0XdIC]s
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease Y*!J +A#
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; {9(#X]'
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion mj\]oWS7d
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" _M.7%k/U8
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission |etA2"r&
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D 6I,^4U
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate tbbZGyg5b
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness N7/eF9
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s ZaxBr
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse \F_~?$
28. 相似的akin to=similar to >lZ9Y{Y4v
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – \>}G|yL
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver x'Uv;mGo
31. 血压 hypertension %bs6Uy5g)a
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon `tmd'
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 ``l7|b jJ
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ zR)9]pJ-
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0
3vs;ZBM
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health .W>LsEk
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds HvhP9_MB
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations ~Q q0
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle Kwc~\k
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 N{6
-rR
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people (<|NerwD
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent |&O7F;/_
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from Xbm\"g \
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to +YS0yTWeX
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to LV$@J
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to 5~AK+6Za
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive JqX+vRY;dd
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak /wF*@ /PTH
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly Ucj
eB
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations .?C-J
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon .fZ*N/
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate 8SJi~gV
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy b+Ly%&
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances #M9rt~4
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance ]!v:xjzT
56. 退休养老金retirement n z?9vbx
57. 医疗改革health care reform F_Pv\?35z
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity U{^~X_?
59. 月经期menstrual period S v6Vd V.BI
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace s]tBd!~
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care `pB]_"b
62. 安乐死euthanasia s]D&):
63. 得绝症的terminally ill W,\LdQ
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! Qxw?D4/Y
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient D^R=
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. f{m,?[1C,