一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 %eJolztKZ
(一)医疗、医院、医生 kU uDA><1
1 、医生 IQn|0$':Z
① doctor, medical worker Ns?qLSN
② physician 内科医生 9A|deETa-
③ surgeon 外科医生 2R}9wDP
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 M0Eq
7:Ba
⑤ intern 实习医生 <'s_3AC
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 lw/zgR#|
pPI'0x
2 、医院 .
MNi)+
① hospital h7],/? s
The specialized hospital 专科医院 I~:v X^%9
The general hospital 普通医院 -TIrbYS`
The community hospital 社区医院 ZUDdLJ
The public hospital 公立医院 &yu3nA:7D
The private hospital 私立医院 )-2sk@y
② clinc 门诊 2oY.MQD7iW
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 t(<^
of:
③ ward 病房 )SkJgzvC
④ medical team 医疗队 p]/qf\E
jZRf{
3、 医疗手段 "EA6RFRD
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 &ZkY9XO
(2) medical treatment 医疗 h6Femis
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 c~_nOd
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis 1|]IWX|
(5) prevent (v) 预防 6Z5X?B
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | pN\YAc*@:
(7) administrate a drug 给药 HC%tJ:G
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 KKrLF?rc
(9) TCM 中医 " Bz\<e&u
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 ,r=9$i_
(11) medical service 医疗服务 Qqp_(5S|>
(12) complain of (v) 主述 nRP|Qt7>
(13) health checkup 健康普查 R?%J
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 :htz]
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; 0_!')+
tHhau.!
4 、医疗体制 kIC$ai6.
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制
i~};5j(
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 *3uBS2Ld
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 [`F}<L."
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 OouIV3
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 5Kadh2nz
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 -Kas9\VWEw
QLs9W&PG
5 、医德 (6y[,lYH
(1 )medical ethics 医德 ;S&PLg
Z
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 _/Sqw
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 Wz8MV -D
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 4# L}&
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 EZ"n3#/
(6 )resolute 果断的 65HP9`5Tm
(7 )service quality 服务质量 VRb+-T7"
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people ^vj}
|Ix{JP"Lk
6 、病人 bwC~
(1 )patient l.@v@T(/
(2 )the sick FI(iqSJ6
(3 )the invalid (u{?aG~
(4) sufferer QX`T-)T e
TQ,KPf$0U
(二)疾病 /<R[X>]<F
1 、 患病的表达方式 FwjmC%iY
⑴ suffer from (v ) %w3Y!7+
(2) contract (v ) HM]mOmL90N
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 t:O"t
G
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 W"v"mjYud
pBxyq"z
2 、必知疾病名称 iW9o-W
a
heart disease 心脏病 A<U9$"j9J
hypertension 高血压 Mb^E
kidney problem 肾病 r$cq2pkX
stroke 中风 M%z$yU`ac
shock 休克 ,\RZ+kC>~
the blood pressure 血压 aGml!N5'
diabetes 糖尿病 g}OZ!mKd
obesity 肥胖 y2o~~te
terminal illness 绝症 $X_A74(
incurable illness 不治之症 sqEOXO
cancer 癌症 Fd;%wWY.zm
tumor 肿瘤 U~GQ JR
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 M~ku
4ZP
emergency case 急症 #8/pY
Q;
serious illness 重症 .Y5o&at6s
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 l2ARM3"
short breath 短气 f
0r?cZ
syndrome 综合症 Db K(Rh_
K
complications 并发症 .z, ot|
process 病程 XM57 UG
bone loss 骨质疏松 ^N&@7s
short-sighted (adj)近视 uZml.#@4
z'9U.v'M)
3、传染病 A&S n^mw
(1) 感染源 Q*ixg$>
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 [?55vYt
(2 )传染疾病 -oT3`d3
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 ugzrG0=lx
influenza (简)flu 流感 ctMH5"F&1
infection contagion 传染病 (>SucUU
infectious diseases 传染病 (9Of,2]
&E
AIDS 艾滋病 ?UV|m
SARS Kz"&:&R"
(3) 传染 /RI"a^&9A
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 _t>[gB,
block the channel (v) <~zPt&C]V
disseminate 传播 U&W/Nj
cross infection 交叉感染 o]DYS,v
WOQ>]Z
5 、疾病、病痛 8GeJ%^0o}
illness 6x;!E&<
sickness
X<Ag['r
disease Zi}jf25
ailment phR:=Ox|1
suffering W[:CCCDL
<k 'zz:[c!
6 、疾病的转归 W~FU!C?]
(1 )疾病的恢复 ]wwN mmE
recover recovery X>%li$9
J.
recuperate $Lz!04
resume +g;{c+Kw:
recruit F!g;}_s9
reinstate .,f]'!5
(2) 疾病的恶化 1DlXsup&?#
deteriorate [6Q1yNE
aggravate mqbCa6>_S
exasperate = |E8z
u%
make worse juI)Do2_
worsen -2j[;kgt}
?6UjD5NkX
7、其他相关词汇 yqH9*&KH{
outbreak and spending P`avn
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 |;\pAZ2
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 RXw1HRR$V
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 egAYJK-,!
taboo 禁忌 I+(
b!(H
speed up blood circulation (v) _St":9'uU
improve the cardiac functions (v) u@tH6k*cBz
side effects 副反应 I>q!co9n
complain of 主述 U'u_'5{
m
Dk6@Gd@U
>f4[OBc
(三)药物 L9oLdWa(C
1 、药物名称 Lq2jXy5#n
medicine 1M b[S{
drug l%xTF@4e
remedy * U}-Y*
medicinal herbs g
W_E
power +Jm vB6s
tablet _BONN6=*y
pill IVy<>xpt
C/QrkTi=
2 、药物用法 JH u>\{ 8V
开药 : @eDs)mY
prescribe some medicine for some diseases fwmXIpteK
write out a proscription -ssmj8:Q\|
服药 FS=LpvOG)
take a medicine Mlr'h}:H
治…的疾病 cLRzm9
a remedy for some diseases NpCQ4K
s5 {B1e
3 、其他相关词汇 x^ `IZ{!
drug therapy 药物治疗 kr@!j@j$
side effects 副反应 FFcIOn
drug abuse 药物滥用 wt;`_}g
drugstore 药房 ~:PM_o*6
over the counter 非处方药 4)>UTMF
drug allergy 药物过敏 jl]3B
drug poisoning 药物中毒 ^Sj;~
prescription 处方 [8q`~S%-]
expenses for medicine 药费 Z_edNf}|
charges for medicine "FhC"}N
drug rebate 药品回扣 `rK@> -
hOk
n@F.
Slj
U=,
(四)心理疾病 sDR Av%w
1 、心理学专业词汇 <Rs$d0/
subhealth 亚健康 jIwN,H1$-
psychological benefits 心理健康 \jV2":[%c
psychological problem 心理问题 %'=2Jy6h
psychological consultation 心理咨询 08{^Ksg
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 'Z=_zG/RX
mental obstacles 心理障碍 jUl_ToX
psychological massage 心理按摩 );yZyWDV
psychology 心理学/ 心理 Y<kz+d,C
psychotherapy 心理治疗 :8`$BbV
psychological expert 心理专家 zDEgC
\kf
n,m
2 、情绪词汇 -!mtLaLw
overcome {O).!
disappoint Y2tBFeWY
disappointed 8z7eL>)
shy , ?b'(39fj
flush (UhJ Pco"
frustration vJct)i
failure =8TBkxG
willpower ;$1x_
Cb
optimism <HTz
optimistic 6R8>w,
be sensitive to W"pHR sf
nervous R
>SZE"
tensional _
W#Km
sad agony pessimism pessimistic `F1Yfm
jZT
confident confidence B0p;Zh
stress pressure _A&
[rBm|
depress depressed 4 #KC\C
depression depressive d8R|0RZ
t5S|
0/f
3 、疲劳相关词汇 &'i>d
&
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary =jpRv<X|,
VKu_
l
(五)肥胖与营养 K4E2W9h
1 、营养物质 sh0x<_
nutrient 营养素 Oml3=TV
protein 蛋白质 >Wx9a"H^(
fat 脂肪 [AFGh
L+t3
glucose 葡萄糖 [;
$:Lr
vitamin 维生素 "?<`]WG\
sugar 糖类 U8HuqFC
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 "Wk K1u
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 J8@+)hn
soft drink beverage 软饮料 ){u#
(sW
cholesterol胆固醇 @m:'
L7+
Rf>V]R
2 、营养与饮食 ts@e
,
a well-balanced diet <; Td8O89_
nutrition 营养 x2l}$(7
nutritional 营养的 8Jp?@qt=$
G%i&C)jZ
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 ;
+Ie<oW
9n\v{k=
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall {S%;By&[
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase eCg|@d% D
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; v] Xy^7?
4. 食品安全 food safety h4ghMBo%
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies ;D4
bxz0ou
6. 应急反应 immediate response to eB,@oo%
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU NX]6RZr-
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system F:0 E-
z'
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care ms+gq
10. 服务体系service system A k9\n='OI
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene 1'k,P;s
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. ::/vDUDc
13. 清淡的lite =_2(S 6~
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet @Hp=xC9V
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 1py>[II@
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 gvP.\,U
17. 虫媒insect pollination; n{c-3w.uD
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease f_QZql
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; J'lqHf$T
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion O0mQHpi:
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" W}\<}dK
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission VZA>ErB
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D %B Rll
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate L7.LFWq$
S
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness twPD'X!r
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s -9"[/
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse U }}E
E~W
28. 相似的akin to=similar to yfe4}0}
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – kjR-p=}
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver L0xh?B
31. 血压 hypertension xEe3,tb'e
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon (R{z3[/u&
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 0 9*?'^s4
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ Hb9r.;r<EW
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 N*>&XJ#
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health T4"*w
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds s#)tiCSVW
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations 7C^W <SUo
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle `[.4SIah
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 T:EUI]
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people K;(t@GL
?
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent + WFa4NZ
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from n'Z5rXg
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to P;lDri
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to Gv}~
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to QU^?a~r
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive AU
H_~SY
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak @RVj~J.A
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly BYsQu.N
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations i@spd5.
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon &<S]=\
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate u-#J!Z<T8
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy 3!KEk?I]
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances nM&UdKf3
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance 23[X mBf
56. 退休养老金retirement n ?$rHyI
57. 医疗改革health care reform dRnO5
7+{
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity BpZ17"\z
59. 月经期menstrual period S (
G# W6
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ]k.'~Syz
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care e`D? x1-
62. 安乐死euthanasia 9Kd:7@U
63. 得绝症的terminally ill w?zY9Fs=
s
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! d<B=
p&~
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient F
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吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. 07tSXl5!