一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 lgpW@g
(一)医疗、医院、医生 ^*~;k|;
&
1 、医生 c]B$i*t
① doctor, medical worker h$N0D !
② physician 内科医生 >M Jg ,
③ surgeon 外科医生 M/Pme&%
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 a?YCn!
⑤ intern 实习医生 LI)!4(WH
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 kF7V.m/~o
.WQ<jZt>
2 、医院 CQ;]J=|<_
① hospital Xtq{%
The specialized hospital 专科医院 `pd&se'p
The general hospital 普通医院 q2:K4
The community hospital 社区医院 fFjH "2WD
The public hospital 公立医院 lt$zA%`odc
The private hospital 私立医院 '&;yT[
② clinc 门诊 ``ekR6[ 8c
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 oPc\<$
③ ward 病房 qz4^{
④ medical team 医疗队
#GaxZ
drwgjLC+
3、 医疗手段 z'p:gv]
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 ]\RRqLDzkg
(2) medical treatment 医疗 \n0Oez0z!B
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 i~J;G#b
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis UueD(T;p
(5) prevent (v) 预防 g/=K.
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | 2fIRlrA$
(7) administrate a drug 给药 e7u^mJ
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 <*H^(0
(9) TCM 中医 Wl^R8w#Z$
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 ~{>?*Gd&T
(11) medical service 医疗服务 h x6;YV
(12) complain of (v) 主述
zm9TvoC%}
(13) health checkup 健康普查 /W#O +
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 ;evCW$
G=
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; wxLXh6|6%_
vtJV"h?e"3
4 、医疗体制 M^rM-{?<
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 i54md$Q^
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 #y]3LC#)^G
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 O\;= V`z-
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 M
ixwK,
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 ZA#y)z8!E
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 %>Xr5<$:&
E(<LvMiCa
5 、医德 P2n2Qt2
(1 )medical ethics 医德 |c-LSs'\
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 cTZ)"^z!
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 b`cYpcs
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 D_|B2gdZY
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 FYPz 4K
(6 )resolute 果断的 7x.%hRk
(7 )service quality 服务质量 Pn TZ/|
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people
B{,
Bno
=.m6FRsU
6 、病人 w`yx=i#
(1 )patient 67<CbQZoN3
(2 )the sick CKARg8o
(3 )the invalid !awh*Xj6
(4) sufferer #t71U a
Ph7pd
(二)疾病 *)VAaGUX>
1 、 患病的表达方式 >M
^&F6
⑴ suffer from (v ) $"fo^?d/s
(2) contract (v ) #0MK(Ut/
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 l[n@/%2
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 ZL91m`r
gn5% F5W
2 、必知疾病名称 #MTj)P,
heart disease 心脏病 %<U{K;
hypertension 高血压 *m_93J
kidney problem 肾病 ]xq::a{Oy
stroke 中风 Jirct,k
shock 休克 GAU!_M5 N
the blood pressure 血压 D3?N<9
g
diabetes 糖尿病 *C_[jk@6
obesity 肥胖 &telCg:
terminal illness 绝症 )1_(>|@oi
incurable illness 不治之症 %_tk7x
cancer 癌症 }'`xu9<
tumor 肿瘤 e{t=>vry
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 P0#`anUr1
emergency case 急症 =x4a~=HX
serious illness 重症 =h\E<dw
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 S8*> kM
'
short breath 短气 Yq0# #__
syndrome 综合症 F!R2_89iy
complications 并发症 DyX0xx^
process 病程 Qu}N:P9l?X
bone loss 骨质疏松 HXP;0B%4
short-sighted (adj)近视 66dTs,C
I7b i@t
3、传染病 L<E/,IdE
(1) 感染源 sS'{QIRC'
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 pE(sV{PD
(2 )传染疾病 kd`YSkZ
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 &NP6%}bR`
influenza (简)flu 流感 t[j9R#02?
infection contagion 传染病 Bn_g-WrT
infectious diseases 传染病 [k~C+FI
AIDS 艾滋病 W+/2c4$F3
SARS r"[L0Cbb
(3) 传染 UhBz<>i;!
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Hi7G/
2t@`
block the channel (v) `=v@i9cTZ
disseminate 传播 ?M]u$Te/.
cross infection 交叉感染 Uk|9@Auav
d~,n_E$q;
5 、疾病、病痛 e~*S4dKR
illness Pd,!&
sickness ? 9qAe
disease r=|vad$
ailment "
|\94
suffering >LCjtm\
{YfYIt=.
6 、疾病的转归 s7AI:Zv
(1 )疾病的恢复 w[|y0jtw
recover recovery |B,dEx/uU
recuperate ruWye1X;
resume KM E XT$p
recruit lej^gxj/2
reinstate Mru~<:9
(2) 疾病的恶化 hg!x_Eq|
deteriorate $F<%Jl7_Z
aggravate <'V
A=orD
exasperate 0;'j!`l9
make worse '\4c "Ho
worsen +~@7"
|d
,CN#co
7、其他相关词汇 7Z9.z4\
outbreak and spending rUGZjLIGqz
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 T %$2k>
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 lrq>TJEcx
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 /abmjV0
taboo 禁忌 ?]759,Q3L
speed up blood circulation (v) j'#)~>b
improve the cardiac functions (v) eUi> Mp
side effects 副反应 p|xs|O6{
complain of 主述 tvGg@Xs\
Ka[Sm|-q
i/l!Cr2
(三)药物 9(i0"hS^
1 、药物名称 5)h+(u C3
medicine ~NTDG
drug 7[(Lrx.pM
remedy Krt$=:m|1
medicinal herbs DKe6?PG
power UwvGr h
tablet u?LW+o
pill BT
y]!%r'
&ryl$!!3H
2 、药物用法 Uqb]e?@
开药 : P2A
]qX
prescribe some medicine for some diseases O6*'gnke
write out a proscription W)G2Cs?p
服药 [a#?}((
take a medicine 7C,<iY
治…的疾病 7UeE(=Hr5
a remedy for some diseases A52LH
,
%OezaNOtm
3 、其他相关词汇 r_qncy,F
drug therapy 药物治疗 SXT@& @E
side effects 副反应 %RfY`n
drug abuse 药物滥用 (6b?ir ~
drugstore 药房 I{*.htt{
over the counter 非处方药 @'k,\$ /
drug allergy 药物过敏 wI1M0@}PV
drug poisoning 药物中毒 y{&{=1#
prescription 处方 )sqp7["-
expenses for medicine 药费 u`L!za7fi
charges for medicine X-*KQ+?
drug rebate 药品回扣 2ZTyo7P
)sY$\^'WY
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(四)心理疾病 !"o1ve`{
1 、心理学专业词汇 _^ CQ*+F
subhealth 亚健康 nkr,
psychological benefits 心理健康 0s+rd&
psychological problem 心理问题 |2+F I<v4
psychological consultation 心理咨询 jiw`i
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 {$u@6&
B
mental obstacles 心理障碍 m\}\RnZu
psychological massage 心理按摩 XSHwE)m
psychology 心理学/ 心理 };VGH/}&s
psychotherapy 心理治疗 JJbM)B@-
psychological expert 心理专家 2\iD;Z#gM
7Da^Jv k
2 、情绪词汇 u}@%70A
overcome }ii]cY
disappoint u[6`
Jr~
disappointed ;03*qOYc
shy , W&~iO
flush a s<
q
frustration ?XTg%U
failure 3Oig/KZ
willpower vI:bl~
optimism MCWG*~f
optimistic K&"Pm9
be sensitive to v,x%^gv 0
nervous M@
LaD 5
tensional zf!\wY"`
sad agony pessimism pessimistic 7gR;
confident confidence o._#=7|(
stress pressure &0<R:K ?>N
depress depressed Xm:gD6;9
depression depressive }RP 9%n^
z&HN>7
3 、疲劳相关词汇 Z@aL"@2]a
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary
%H 6ZfEO
KlX |PQ
(五)肥胖与营养 t%YX-@
1 、营养物质 o!_; H}pq
nutrient 营养素 (9[C0e S
protein 蛋白质 Er+3S@sfq,
fat 脂肪 4;~lpty
glucose 葡萄糖 dgqJ=+z 0y
vitamin 维生素 `R=_t]ie
sugar 糖类 >zx50e)
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 )+{omQ7v
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 2D_Vo ])l/
soft drink beverage 软饮料 cS ;=_%~
cholesterol胆固醇 AiHDoV+-
;NVTn<Uj
2 、营养与饮食 qx
CL
a well-balanced diet cW|Zgz8vv
nutrition 营养 d~bH!P
nutritional 营养的 (a4y1k t-
](6vG$\
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 g:6}zHK
?j$8Uy$$
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall (=/L#Yg_
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase ia.B@u1/
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; ;%.k}R%O@
4. 食品安全 food safety EjCzou
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies d1_*!LW$
6. 应急反应 immediate response to XlcDF|?{.
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU IG@&l0ARL
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system f6A['<%o
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 1UWgOCc
10. 服务体系service system A ~=]@],{
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene 'Bn_'w~j{
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. eeR@p$4i
13. 清淡的lite v8(u9V%?6
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet @MH]s [{o\
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN '"p*FN
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 p%tg->#L
17. 虫媒insect pollination; KvOI)"0(
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease &=O1Qg=K
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; }n8;A;axi
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion ON!G{=7
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" A{T@O5ucj
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission l
D=j/
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D vyy\^nL
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate P&,cCR>
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness m)w-mc
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s f=Y9a$.:M
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse \`# 0,pLr
28. 相似的akin to=similar to dR{
V,H7N
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – hvZR4|k>
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver |.W;vc <
31. 血压 hypertension glIIJ5d|,
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon 8Y'"=!3
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 > PA,72e
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ Lxrn#Z eM
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 2 ZXF_ o
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health W4Q]<<6&
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds =_3qUcOP
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations &$im^0`r_
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle 8"^TWzg}L
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 *&MkkI#
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people sRnMBW.
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent 5(Oc"0''H
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from JFdzA
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to h]9^bX__Z
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to
kJFHUR
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to 4N:
;Mo&B
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive Ry3 f'gx
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak EV$n>.
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly NE"fyX`
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations px@\b]/
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon 1A`";E&
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate
LcF3P
4
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy DcHMiiVM
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances miqCUbcU
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance ?Pc3*.
56. 退休养老金retirement n BZ9iy~
57. 医疗改革health care reform 9f`Pi:*+/
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity [%kucG C7
59. 月经期menstrual period S [*t EHW
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace ;"z>p25=T
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care Ea?.HRxl
62. 安乐死euthanasia L4b4
X
63. 得绝症的terminally ill P+h&tXZn8
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! G]CY3xw98
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient K-3 _4As
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. IIkJ"Qg.