一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 8 >!-|VSn
(一)医疗、医院、医生 .N Z
1 、医生 [yDOvQ[
① doctor, medical worker >$;,1N $bd
② physician 内科医生
{R5_=MG
③ surgeon 外科医生 9mB] \{^
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 <ua! ]~
⑤ intern 实习医生 w
9CX5Fg
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 #e&LyYx4
U]O>DM^'
2 、医院 4+F@BxpB
① hospital "Q;
Vy t
The specialized hospital 专科医院 :<,tGYg/!
The general hospital 普通医院 82yfPQ&UI
The community hospital 社区医院 cC
TTjx{
The public hospital 公立医院 Ba9"IXKH
The private hospital 私立医院 ez[$;>
② clinc 门诊 WM GiV
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 yUg'^SEbLk
③ ward 病房 cp4~`X
④ medical team 医疗队 ^[1Xl7)`
lk4$c1ao2@
3、 医疗手段 0D}k
^W
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 Q,R|VI6Co
(2) medical treatment 医疗 "cDc~~3/@
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 L}>ts(!q&
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis py9`q7
F
(5) prevent (v) 预防 6bBNC2K$-
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | h BzZJ/jn
(7) administrate a drug 给药 h{CyYsQ
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 ^fti<Lw5
(9) TCM 中医 (_eM:H=e>
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 #Z}YQ$g
(11) medical service 医疗服务 4J$dG l#f
(12) complain of (v) 主述 G[Jz(/yNH
(13) health checkup 健康普查 sb</-']a
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 cfPQcB>A
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; !GtCOr\'
8lF:70wia
4 、医疗体制 V#V<Kz
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 BU=Ta$#BZ
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 Q6fPqEX=
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 9HD 5A$
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 0Yfz?:
e
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 l1]'3]P(
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 tdn|mX#
g715+5z[
5 、医德 zCSLV>.F
(1 )medical ethics 医德 4m6%HV8{}[
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 }K9Ji]tOK:
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的
x$6FvgP(
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 D~@lpcI
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 bdvVPjGc&
(6 )resolute 果断的 YG>6;g)Zm
(7 )service quality 服务质量 @jD#Tn-*
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people E# *`u
D?r
% Y
6 、病人 4j~WrdI*
(1 )patient BmCBC,j<v>
(2 )the sick
fG|+!
(3 )the invalid \-I)dMm[
(4) sufferer dx"9jFn
j9 &0/
~/
(二)疾病 +fG~m
:E
1 、 患病的表达方式 ~)]n67Or~
⑴ suffer from (v ) n]bxG8~t
(2) contract (v ) 3H,>[&d
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 8 Tm/gzx
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 hVu~[ 'Me
d$v{oC}
2 、必知疾病名称 0coRar?+b
heart disease 心脏病 @RLlkWGc
hypertension 高血压 Oa-~}hN
kidney problem 肾病 ~Ec@hz]js
stroke 中风 t[x[X4
shock 休克 D }EH9d
the blood pressure 血压 p0j-$*F
diabetes 糖尿病 K@;
ls
obesity 肥胖 B~/ejC!
terminal illness 绝症 PoRL35
incurable illness 不治之症 '2c4
4F)i
cancer 癌症 _D."KU|
tumor 肿瘤 9NcC.}#-5
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 e+P|PW
emergency case 急症 Op:7Ed
T#
serious illness 重症 %'<m[wf^ o
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 X.<2]V7!
short breath 短气 J
`{HMv
syndrome 综合症 &\s>PvnquX
complications 并发症 1dX)l
process 病程 8sxH)"S
bone loss 骨质疏松 6d|%8.q1
short-sighted (adj)近视 pM7xnL4
gSu3\keF
3、传染病 |&a[@(N:zf
(1) 感染源 L[9]Ez$2+
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 <IL$8a
(2 )传染疾病 B~2\v%J
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫
'HDbU#vD
influenza (简)flu 流感 _fQBXG2
infection contagion 传染病 &`4v,l^Zi6
infectious diseases 传染病 &-1;3+#w
AIDS 艾滋病 )q+9_KUq
SARS ^zr]#`@G
(3) 传染 y-c2tF@'v
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 +#! !
'XP
block the channel (v) lfp'D+#p{
disseminate 传播 *FT )`
cross infection 交叉感染 Fv6<Cz6L
;eRYgC
5 、疾病、病痛 U3yIONlt
illness *r k!`n&
sickness s~(iB{-
disease HjAQF?;V
ailment %CP:rAd`M.
suffering $}/ !mXI5
B^SD5
6 、疾病的转归 $3Ct@}=n
(1 )疾病的恢复 # N.(ZP
recover recovery bstc|8<
recuperate [1Yx#t
resume kgvB80$4
recruit t4H@ZvAH0
reinstate o0p%j4vac
(2) 疾病的恶化 d4#Q<!r
deteriorate w$cic
aggravate bV#U&)|
exasperate Xh/i5}5 t
make worse 6N&S3<c4JO
worsen T7AFL=
U3+{!}gn
7、其他相关词汇 kN4nRW9z
outbreak and spending FBM 73D@`
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 HN\Zrb
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 W%f:+s}cI
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 |#x;}_>7
taboo 禁忌 ~a[]4\m;
speed up blood circulation (v) kyQ%qBv ^
improve the cardiac functions (v) h94SLj]
side effects 副反应 I72UkmK`
complain of 主述 fv!l {
2h
V#3i
H(ht{.sjI
(三)药物 z= -u89]
1 、药物名称 aW7{T6.,
medicine ch<Fi%)
drug fMr6ZmB
remedy "_ b
Sy
medicinal herbs zh'TR$+\hO
power yUQ;tTI
tablet -vI?b#
pill l!\C"f1o,
:tM|$TZ
2 、药物用法 x{u_kepv[k
开药 : 2](R}
prescribe some medicine for some diseases yw5MlZ4P=
write out a proscription geWis(#J
服药 x;LyR
take a medicine C/e`O|G
治…的疾病 &Z5$
5,[
a remedy for some diseases JGSeu =)
88h-.\%Z
3 、其他相关词汇 Eszwg
drug therapy 药物治疗 F {]:
side effects 副反应 A,M
RK#1u
drug abuse 药物滥用 g8mVjM\B;
drugstore 药房 OnF+
over the counter 非处方药 J$&!Y[0
drug allergy 药物过敏 B+ GPTQSTb
drug poisoning 药物中毒 'Y6{89 y
prescription 处方 ZP*Hx
%U
expenses for medicine 药费 G=!Y ~q g
charges for medicine $WnK
drug rebate 药品回扣 G?e,Q$
6YrkS;_HS
y .S0^
(四)心理疾病 ;38DB o
1 、心理学专业词汇 oj$D3
subhealth 亚健康 m}]"TFzoVM
psychological benefits 心理健康 =nA;,9%
psychological problem 心理问题 W )q^@6[d
psychological consultation 心理咨询 gx4`pH;B\
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 v(FO8*5DZ
mental obstacles 心理障碍 +=|
Q'V
psychological massage 心理按摩 B y6:
psychology 心理学/ 心理 xRP#}i:m
psychotherapy 心理治疗 g!V;*[
psychological expert 心理专家 mDvZ1aj
z++*,2F
2 、情绪词汇 *@dRL3c^=
overcome j?+FS`a!
disappoint JnmJN1@I
disappointed O%tlj@?
shy , JQ%e'
flush (".`#909
frustration tKo^A:M
failure Od^y&$|_%`
willpower rV"<1y:g
optimism )mB+#T<k-
optimistic Zu_m
$Mx
be sensitive to R8c1~'
nervous
giyKEnP
tensional %^p1ax
sad agony pessimism pessimistic J1 a/U@"
confident confidence 7cK#fh"hvg
stress pressure
?2
u_E "
depress depressed ^p|MkB?uM
depression depressive & *B@qQ
u!k\W{
3 、疲劳相关词汇 B$ +YK%I
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary )V!9&
T3@wNAAU
(五)肥胖与营养 SWz+.W{KQ"
1 、营养物质 KX"?3#U#Fm
nutrient 营养素 ]sd|u[:k
protein 蛋白质 k*J}/HO
fat 脂肪 ]\v'1m"
glucose 葡萄糖 2wlrei
vitamin 维生素 zQ(li9
sugar 糖类 z;zyk
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 6m_Y%&
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 `pn]jpW9
soft drink beverage 软饮料 N0O8to}V
cholesterol胆固醇 |+~CdA
mEa\0oPGB
2 、营养与饮食 *Y?rls `
a well-balanced diet RgHPYf{
nutrition 营养 Sqed*
nutritional 营养的 N|O/3:P<,U
beRpA;
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 MH.,dB&
Om0Z\GP=
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall MRxzOs
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase b] DF7 U
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; U ; JZN
4. 食品安全 food safety v?,_SVgAi
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies -8-
6. 应急反应 immediate response to w=
|).qQ]
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU iOkRB[hi
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system |a%&7-;
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 7;:R\d6iL
10. 服务体系service system A vR.=o*!%
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene _Jx.?8
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. OBqaf
)W
13. 清淡的lite (2RZc].M~
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet =e=sK'NvD
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN nsIx5UA_n
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 bCHJLtDQ
17. 虫媒insect pollination; hm*1w6 =
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease J,Du:|3o
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; 48vKUAzx`
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion 3B8\r}L
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" piIj
t
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission xTiC[<j
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D J5e
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate 8;K'7
7h
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness HJWk%t<
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s !E">r
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse VN6h:-&iY
28. 相似的akin to=similar to *;@V5[^3I?
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – vncLB&@7
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver *gF8"0s
31. 血压 hypertension t)o!OEnE
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon +)YU/41W
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 w
6FtDl$
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ whFaL}2C
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 $p? gai{o
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health 0
~K4 vSa
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds L
*",4!
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations [C_Dv-
d
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle K 6 D3
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 J;@g#h?
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people l@C39VP
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent mtfEK3?2*
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from fbv%&z
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to Igb@aGA
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to Z'/sZ3Q}
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to 4l)Q
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive ;<^t)8E
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak XN
ZW J
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly yex4A)n9"'
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations b@9>1d$
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon 7l+>WB_]
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate -%I 0Q
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy Wbra*LNU
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances pXL@&]U+
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance ^j-w^)@T
56. 退休养老金retirement n @-d0~.S
57. 医疗改革health care reform ;`CNe$y
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity 6|{$]<'
59. 月经期menstrual period S A]x'!qa@=
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace +0&SXhy%y
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care HW,2x} [
62. 安乐死euthanasia :f9O3QA
63. 得绝症的terminally ill -( d,AX
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! W5#5RK"uX
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient !Eof7LUE
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. JE[+